The Impact of Audience Response System in Changing Students' Attitudes Towards Lectures During Training Courses; A Before-After Study.

Background And Aims: The primary teaching approach known as "traditional lecture" has drawbacks, including being dull and reducing student participation, which has made students feel negatively about it. It seems that by implementing certain changes, active learning techniques like the "Audience Response System" could alter students' perceptions of lectures. The purpose of this study is to find out how employing "ARS" throughout a course has affected nursing students' perceptions of traditional lectures.

Effect of taurine supplementation on preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in pediatrics under mechanical ventilation, a randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial.

Introduction: One of the most prevalent healthcare-associated infections in the pediatric intensive care unit is ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). VAP not only results in prolonged hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays but also imposes higher costs on patients and the healthcare system. Therefore, it is essential to implement preventive measures.

Efficacy of Cevimeline on Xerostomia in Sjögren's Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: Xerostomia, or dry mouth, is a common and debilitating symptom in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, affecting their quality of life. Although Cevimeline, a muscarinic agonist, has been investigated as a potential treatment, its efficacy and optimal dosage remain uncertain. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Cevimeline in relieving xerostomia in patients with Sjögren's syndrome by a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCT).

Comparative Study of Anti-COVID Mouthwash and Remineralization Agents on Dentinal Tubular Occlusion: An Study.

Aim: Tooth sensitivity caused by exposed dentin tubules is a common clinical problem requiring correct treatment methods. Owing to the spread of the COVID-19 virus, it has become common to use different mouthwashes, including 1.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP), before dental procedures.

Massive subcutaneous filariosis by in beech marten () in Italy.

The beech marten () is a small-size mustelid endangered according to the IUCN Red List. Despite the plethora of parasites potentially affecting its population decline, subcutaneous filarioids are occasionally reported in martens and their competent arthropod vectors are to date unknown. Therefore, from January 2023 to August 2024, this study investigated the presence of subcutaneous filarioids and ectoparasites of road-killed beech martens ( = 7) from southwestern Italy.

Iron metabolism in rheumatic diseases.

Iron is a crucial element for living organism in terms of oxygen transport, hematopoiesis, enzymatic activity, mitochondrial respiratory chain function and also immune system function. The human being has evolved a mechanism to regulate body iron. In some rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and gout, this balanced iron regulation is impaired.

Research on transition metals for the multicomponent synthesis of benzo-fused γ-lactams.

Benzo-fused γ-lactams are fundamental in medicinal chemistry, acting as essential elements for various therapeutic agents due to their structural adaptability and capability to enhance biological activity. In their synthesis, transition metals play a pivotal role as catalysts, offering more efficient alternatives to traditional methods by facilitating C-N bond formation through mechanisms like intramolecular coupling. Recent advances have especially spotlighted transition-metal-catalyzed C-H amination reactions for directly converting C(sp)-H to C(sp)-N bonds, streamlining the creation of these compounds.

Development and Validation of a Short Food Frequency Questionnaire (SH-FFQ) in Iranian Adults: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.

Background: An accurate assessment of food intake is necessary to monitor nutritional status. However, differences in cultures and dietary habits between communities make it necessary to create culturally specific tools to evaluate food intake. This study aimed to develop and validate a short food frequency questionnaire (SH-FFQ) in Iranian adults.

Developing an Emergency Medical Services Resilience Assessment Tool in Climate Change: A Study Protocol.

Background: Climate change poses significant threats to the health and safety of communities worldwide. Extreme weather events can disrupt critical infrastructure and overwhelm emergency medical services (EMS) systems. As the frequency and intensity of these climate-related disasters continue to increase, it is essential that EMS organizations develop robust strategies to enhance their resilience.

Association of the Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and Testosterone Hormones in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The present study is a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to investigate the effects of alcohol consumption on male sex hormones in humans.

Methods: We conducted searches on PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar from June 2020 to June 2022. We included observational studies (cohorts, case-controls, and cross-sectional studies) comparing FSH, LH, or testosterone levels in alcohol consumers versus non-consumers.

Collaborative Effects of Caloric Restriction and Quercetin on Age-related Oxidative Stress Reduction through NQO1/Sirt1 Gene Regulation.

Background: Aging is caused by the progressive accumulation of various changes in the body, which is associated with an increase in free radicals and oxidative stress (OS). The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of caloric restriction (CR) and quercetin (QUER) in alleviating OS in aging and the involvement of the NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)/SIRT1 signaling pathway in these effects.

Methods: Two age groups of male Wistar rats (eight and 20 weeks of age) were included in the study and subdivided into normal diet (ND), ND with QUER (15 mg Kg, IP), ND with CR, and ND with QUER and CR groups.

Experiences and Perspectives of Female Employees Regarding Work-Family Balance Following Maternity Leave: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Southeastern Iran.

Background: Work-family balance has emerged as one of the influencing factors for the physical and mental health of working mothers and their children.

Aims: The present study aimed to understand the experiences and perspectives of working mothers on maternity leave and return to work after childbirth. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in three major cities in southeastern Iran.

Evaluation of Emerging Antimicrobials Resistance in Nosocomial Infections Caused by : The Comparison Results of Observed Cases and Compartmental Model.

In recent years, the global rise of antibiotic-resistant () has become a significant threat to public health. This study aimed to identify and track outbreaks of antibiotic resistance, specifically among the antibiotics used to treat nosocomial infections. This hospital-based study utilized data from a nosocomial infection surveillance system to investigate reported cases of antibiotic resistance.

Is there a link between Hepatitis A virus and Guillain-Barré syndrome? A systematic review of case reports.

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nervous system, causing acute flaccid paralysis. There have been occasional reports linking Hepatitis A virus (HAV) to GBS. Here we aimed to evaluate the current literature on the association between GBS and HAV, exploring potential mechanisms and clinical implications.

Neuroenhancement by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on DLPFC in healthy adults.

The term "neuroenhancement" describes the enhancement of cognitive function associated with deficiencies resulting from a specific condition. Nevertheless, there is currently no agreed-upon definition for the term "neuroenhancement", and its meaning can change based on the specific research being discussed. As humans, our continual pursuit of expanding our capabilities, encompassing both cognitive and motor skills, has led us to explore various tools.

Different Composite Veneer Surface Preparations for Metal Orthodontic Bracket Bonding: An In Vitro Study.

This research aimed to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets bonded to composite veneers using different surface preparations. One-hundred composite disks were divided into 10 different groups whereby each group combines a surface preparation (roughening or no roughening), etching agent (37% phosphoric or 9.5% hydrofluoric acid), adhesive protocol (self-etch or total-etch), and bonding agent (with or without G-Premio Bond).

The association between the amount of fetal fraction in cell-free DNA testing and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A cohort study.

Background: Noninvasive perinatal testing is a new method of screening for aneuploidy called cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Fetal fraction (FF) plays a crucial role in assessing the reliability of aneuploidy detection through noninvasive perinatal testing.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between the amount of FF in cfDNA testing and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Effects of L-carnitine and pentoxifylline on long-term preservation of the human sperms: An experimental study.

Background: In infertility clinics, long-time preserving high-quality spermatozoa is a challenging problem.

Objective: The present study aimed to prolong preserving of the human spermatozoa by adding pentoxifylline (PT) and L-carnitine (LC) without using high-cost freezing techniques.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, semen samples of 26 normozoospermia men aged between 28-34 yr, were firstly prepared using the swim-up technique, and each sample was divided into the following 3 aliquots: untreated control group, the LC, and PT-treated groups.

Protective effects of resveratrol on the expression of , and genes in the ovary and their activity in the serum of rats exposed to lead acetate: An experimental study.

Background: Lead (Pb) could be toxic to the female reproductive system, and resveratrol (Res) may overcome this toxicity.

Objective: To investigate the Res impact on the catalase (), glutathione peroxidase (), and superoxide dismutase () gene expression in the ovary and on the Cat and Gpx enzyme activity in the serum of rats exposed to lead acetate.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, 33 female Wistar rats (8-10 wk, 180-200 gr) were divided into 6 groups: a control group (normal saline), a Res group (40 mg/kg), and a Pb group (lead acetate 30 mg/kg).

Improving reproductive outcomes in frozen embryo transfer over fresh embryo transfer in women with endometrioma: A historical cohort study.

Background: Endometrioma, a common manifestation of endometriosis, often indicates the severity of the disease. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (ET) are key therapeutic strategies for infertility associated with endometriosis. However, the optimal type of ET (frozen or fresh) and its impact on pregnancy success rates remain debated, with limited studies available.

Evaluation of utilization of amplified blastocoel fluid DNA gel electrophoresis band intensity as an additional minimally invasive approach in embryo selection: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Embryo selection for transfer is critical in assisted reproduction. The presence of DNA in the blastocoel cavity of human blastocysts is assumed to be a consequence of common preimplantation chromosomal abnormalities.

Objective: This study examined the relationship between the amount of blastocoel fluid (BF) DNA and the band intensity of amplified BF-DNA in gel electrophoresis, considering the influence of ploidy status.

Outcomes of antibiotic therapy and transvaginal ultrasound-guided efficacy of transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage in treating tubo-ovarian abscesses: Three case reports.

Background: To introduce minimally invasive methods for the successful treatment of tubo-ovarian abscesses (TOAs), an antibiotic regimen was considered the first line of treatment. However, in some cases, this approach fails, and another intervention (laparotomy or minimally guidance drainage) is required.

Case Presentations: 3 women with a history of long-time infertility, all of them were candidates for in vitro fertilization referred to the obstetrics and gynecology department with similar manifestations.

Vimentin as a contributing factor in SARS-CoV-2-induced orchitis on postmortem testicular autopsy of COVID-19 cases: A case-control study.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was identified in China in late December 2019 and led to a pandemic that resulted in millions of confirmed cases and deaths. The causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), uses distinct receptors and co-receptors to enter host cells. Vimentin has emerged as a potential co-receptor for SARS-CoV-2 due to the high level of vimentin expression in testis tissue.

The relationship between maternal vitamin D levels and osteopenia development in preterm infants: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Osteopenia of prematurity (OP) is characterized by reduced bone mineral content, and vitamin D deficiency may worsen OP by affecting bone metabolism.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between maternal vitamin D levels and biochemical markers related to OP.

Materials And Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study, conducted at Shahid Sadoughi hospital, Yazd, Iran, from June 2022 to September 2023, included 49 pregnant women and their preterm infants.

Knockdown resistance (kdr)-associated organochlorine resistance in mosquito-borne diseases (): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: is the vector of a large number of pathogens in humans. Use of insecticides to deal with this vector is the most important way to controlling it. However, in recent decades, resistance to insecticides has been reported in this vector.