Climate change adaptation strategies adopted by pastoralists in rangelands in Golestan province, Iran.

Climate change is a serious challenge to pastoralism in rangelands. Adaptation strategies adopted by pastoralists can reduce their livelihood vulnerability to cope with adverse effects of climate change. This study was done to investigate the adaptation strategies of pastoralists in the north of Golestan province, Iran.

Enhancing black mulberry storage with sodium caseinate and gum tragacanth edible films.

A bright future lies ahead for the application of natural biocomposites in the food industry. In this research, edible biocomposite films were created using sodium caseinate (SC)-gum tragacanth (GT) and incorporating carum carvi seed essential oil (EO) as a nanoemulsion. Different ratios of oil were used as variables.

Understanding rangeland desertification through pastoralist perspectives using a grounded theory approach.

Rangeland desertification risk has significantly increased due to the fragility of these ecosystems and the severity of degradation caused by climate instability and human activities over the last decade. This research focuses on identifying indicators of rangeland desertification risk using a qualitative grounded theory approach based on the perspectives of pastoralists in Kolijah and Qolaq-Borte, Golestan Province, Iran. The study population comprised regional pastoralists, with 15 experts selected through snowball sampling.

Multi-objective optimization of hybrid energy systems using gravitational search algorithm.

The depletion of fossil fuel reserves, increasing environmental concerns, and energy demands of remote communities have increased the acceptance of using hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES). However, choosing an optimal HRES from economic, environmental, reliability, and sustainability aspects is still challenging. To solve this challenge, this study introduces a novel multi-objective optimization approach using the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) and non-dominated sorting techniques.

Assessing the Colorectal Cancer Landscape: A Comprehensive Exploration of Future Trends in 216 Countries and Territories from 2021 to 2040.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become a significant global concern, presenting formidable challenges to healthcare systems and leading to substantial healthcare expenses. This study examines the projected prevalence and trends of CRC worldwide, encompassing 21 regions and 195 nations.

Methods: We employed an illness-death model (IDM) in order to forecast the anticipated prevalence of CRC by the year 2040.

Synthesis and evaluation of nitrochromene derivatives as potential antileishmanial therapeutics through biological and computational studies.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan organisms belonging to the Leishmania genus, affecting many individuals worldwide, with the burden surpassing one million cases. This disease leads to considerable morbidity and mortality, predominantly within tropical and subtropical regions. The current therapeutic options for leishmaniasis are far from ideal, as they fail to achieve a level of efficacy that can be deemed universally effective.

Differential effects of β-hydroxybutyrate and α-ketoglutarate on HCT-116 colorectal cancer cell viability under normoxic and hypoxic low-glucose conditions: exploring the role of SRC, HIF1α, ACAT1, and SIRT2 genes.

Recent therapeutic strategies have highlighted the potential of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as effective anticancer agents, particularly for colon cancer. These metabolites can modulate cellular metabolism and induce epigenetic changes, inhibiting tumor growth. Nonetheless, certain cancer cells may utilize ketone bodies, like BHB as nutrient sources under hypoxic conditions, potentially reducing treatment efficacy.

Modulating Cognitive Function with Antihypertensive Medications: a Comprehensive Systematic Review On FMRI Studies.

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition associated with cognitive impairments, including memory deficits and attention lapses. Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying HTN-related cognitive dysfunction is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies.

Method: A systematic review was conducted to explore the impact of antihypertensive medications on cognition, focusing on memory, attention, and emotion processing using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

A comparative analysis of alpha olefin sulfonate and dodecyl sulfate in aphronic fluid containing xanthan gum in a wide range of temperatures.

Geothermal energy, oil industry, and underground gas storage technology require deep drilling. Although oil-based drilling fluids have been widely used, they cause environmental issues. Environmentally friendly Aphronic fluid has emerged as an alternative to oil-based drilling fluid.

Optimal sizing model of battery energy storage in a droop-controlled islanded multi-carrier microgrid based on an advanced frequency droop model.

This paper introduces an optimal sizing approach for battery energy storage systems (BESS) that integrates frequency regulation via an advanced frequency droop model (AFDM). In addition, based on the AFDM, a new formulation for charging/discharging of the battery with the purpose of system frequency control is presented. The studied MG system that consists of PV units, a diesel generator (DG), a combined heat and power (CHP) unit, a gas boiler, and a BESS is designed to meet the consumers' thermal and electrical load requirements as well as system frequency regulation.

Association of Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) with hematological parameters: a data mining approach.

Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is characterized by early repolarization of the myocardium originating from Purkinje fibers. PVC may occur in individuals who are otherwise healthy. However, it may be associated with some pathological conditions.

Surface plasmon resonance detection of anti-cancer drug flutamide by graphitic carbon nitride/chitosan nanocomposite.

The g-C3N4/CS biosensor was designed, fabricated, and tested using compounds such as glucose, urine, lactose, and flutamide at a molarity of 10 µM, which could demonstrate a high sensitivity of 200 μm-1 for flutamide. Powerful effective medium theory and FDTD simulation were used to predict the most favorable mode and plasmonic properties of a graphite carbon nitride and chitosan nanocomposite. The research also explores the characteristics of surface plasmon resonance exhibited by the nanocomposite as the chitosan content is adjusted.

Application of synthesized FeO@Gelatin nanoparticles on interfacial properties and enhanced oil recovery.

Due to the unique properties of nanoparticles (NPs), their application has been proposed as an innovative and promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique. They enhance oil recovery by improving EOR mechanisms including decreasing interfacial tension (IFT), wettability alteration to water-wet, and preventing asphaltene precipitation. In this study, FeO@Gelatin NPs were synthesized by a convenient and single-step method and then investigated for EOR purposes for the first time.

Comparative response of fennel, ajwain, and anise in terms of osmolytes accumulation, ion imbalance, photosynthetic and growth functions under salinity.

The increasing trend of salinization of agricultural lands represents a great threat to the growth of major crops. Hence, shedding light on the salt-tolerance capabilities of three environment-resilient medicinal species from the Apiaceae, i.e.

Calcium carbonate sediment corrosion and formation investigation in drinking water distribution network in Sough City, Iran.

One of the major problems facing the water industry is corrosion and sedimentation, which causes problems such as reduced water quality and the useful life of water supply network equipment. This study aimed to investigate the corrosion and sediments formed in the drinking water distribution network of Sough City. In this cross-sectional study, samples were prepared from 7 wells, water storage reservoirs, and a dedicated water supply network in this area from 2006 to 2017.

A long-term analysis of oxidant (OX = O + NO) and its local and regional levels in Tehran, Iran, a high NO-saturated condition.

Oxidant (OX), the sum of ozone (O) and nitrogen dioxide (NO), is used to determine nitrogen oxides (NO)-independent regional contribution and NO-dependent local contribution. This study investigates OX trends and its local and regional levels in Tehran, Iran using the data from 21 monitoring stations from 2012 to 2022 and satellite remote sensing data (TROPOMI) for 2022. The spatiotemporal trends of O, NO, and OX are first examined using ground-based and remote sensing data, and then the polar plots are employed to identify the dominant directions of OX transport and its sources.

Relationship between TyG-BMI index and glycemic index with diet quality, anthropometric indices, and blood pressure in patients with metabolic syndrome.

A recently introduced metric for assessing metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI). Additionally, the glycemic index (GI) is recognized as a significant measure for evaluating conditions associated with blood glucose. In this context, our research explores the correlation between TyG-BMI and GI in relation to diet quality, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure among individuals diagnosed with MetS.

Breastfeeding empowerment and its relationship with health literacy and spousal support among breastfeeding mothers in Tabriz, Iran: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Breast milk is crucial for the health and survival of infants, but exclusive breastfeeding often fails due to various reasons such as lack of breastfeeding empowerment.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the status of breastfeeding empowerment and its relationship with health literacy and perceived spousal support among breastfeeding mothers while recognising that other related factors also contribute to breastfeeding empowerment.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Evaluation of the serum level of CTRP-3 and CTRP-6 in patients with Hashimoto's disease and correlation with thyroid hormones and lipid profile.

Objectives: Numerous studies show that the adipokines play a role in on the thyroid axis. The aim of this study was the evaluation of serum level of CTRP-3 and CTRP-6 as a member of the adipokines family in patients with Hashimoto's.

Methods: The levels of CTRP-3 and CTRP-6 were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 70 subjects (35 newly diagnosed Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 35 healthy subjects).

Spatio-temporal clustering of drowning mortality in Iran, from 2005 to 2022.

Background: Drowning is a serious and neglected public health threat, and prevention of drowning has a multisectoral nature and requires multidimensional research. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the spatio-temporal variation in fatal unintentional drowning rates among the Iranian population from 2005 to 2022.

Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional study, registry data were extracted from legal medicine organisations during 2005-2022.

Thalamic Magnetic Susceptibility (χ) Alterations in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Studies.

Background: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) provides a non-invasive post-processing method to investigate alterations in magnetic susceptibility (χ), reflecting iron content within brain regions implicated in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs).

Purpose: To investigate alterations in thalamic χ in patients with NDDs using QSM.

Study Type: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stimuli-Chromic Oxazolidine Latex Nanoparticles for Dual-Responsive pH-Sensors and Rewritable Halochromic Papers: A Physicochemical Study on Colorimetric and Fluorimetric Signals.

Oxazolidine is a new category of stimuli-chromic compounds that has unique intelligent behaviors such as halochromism, hydrochromism, solvatochromism, and ionochromism, all of which have potential applications for designing and constructing chemosensors by using functionalized-polymer nanocarriers. Here, the poly(MMA--HEMA) based nanoparticles were synthesized by emulsion copolymerizing methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in different copolymer compositions. The poly(MMA--HEMA) based nanoparticles were modified physically with tertiary amine-functionalized oxazolidine (as an intelligent pH-responsive organic dye) to prepare halochromic latex nanoparticles.

Guidelines for animal models of endurance and resistance exercise.

Background: This mini-review details the guideline for implementing the most common exercise patterns in small laboratory rodents (mice/rats) and the advantages and disadvantages of each, in ways that are comparable to humans. Also, criteria for targeted selection and control of workload and intensity of activity are proposed in different exercise programs.

New Method: As an available and low-cost intervention in physiological, biochemical and cellular-molecular assessments, different exercise programs can be effective in the prevention/treatment of many skeletal-structural, behavioral and neurodegenerative disorders.

Enhancing biobutanol production by optimizing acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation from sorghum grains through strategic immobilization of amylolytic enzymes.

Tannin-containing sorghum grains, suitable for acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) production by Clostridium acetobutylicum, have required pretreatment to eliminate tannins inhibiting the strain's amylolytic activity. This study investigates biobutanol production enhancement by immobilizing enzymes on polydopamine-functionalized polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with magnetic nanoparticles for Separated Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) processes. After multi-stage hot water treatment, TG3 sorghum (from the third stage) was used, where the enzyme-immobilized PES membrane produced 4.