The effect of cognitive task and gait speed on gait spatiotemporal parameters in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Cross-sectional study.

Background: Restoring pre-injury normal gait following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) is a critical challenge. The purpose of this study was to compare spatiotemporal parameters in athletes following ACL reconstruction with healthy athletes when cognitive load and speed were manipulated.

Methods: Twenty male soccer players with an ACLR history and 20 healthy matched individuals completed walking tasks under four conditions: with and without a cognitive load (auditory Stroop task), and at preferred speed as well as high speed (20% higher than the individual's preferred speed).

Number of Previous Strokes and the Association With Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Longitudinal Data From the GLORIA-AF Registry.

Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who suffered a previous stroke are at increased risk of recurrent thromboembolic events and other major outcomes. The impact of the number of stroke episodes on the natural history of patients with AF is still unclear.

Methods And Results: Using data from the international, multicenter, and prospective GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation) Registry Phase III, we categorized patients with a recent diagnosis of non-valvular AF according to the number of previous strokes (either 0, 1, or ≥2 episodes).

Farm Progress Show Attendees' Use, Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Off-Road Vehicles on Public Roads.

Most deaths due to all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and utility task vehicles (UTVs) occur on public roads, despite manufacturers' warnings that they are not designed for roadway use. Our study objective was to determine rural residents' use, knowledge, and attitudes regarding ATVs/UTVs on public roads. A convenience sample of 2022 Farm Progress Show attendees were surveyed ( = 361).

Reevaluating Anti-Inflammatory Therapy: Targeting Senescence to Balance Anti-Cancer Efficacy and Vascular Disease.

Modulating immune function is a critical strategy in cancer and atherosclerosis treatments. For cancer, boosting or maintaining the immune system is crucial to prevent tumor growth. However, in vascular disease, mitigating immune responses can decrease inflammation and slow atherosclerosis progression.

Emodepside: the anthelmintic's mode of action and toxicity.

Nematode parasitic infections continue to be a major health problem for humans and animals. Drug resistance to currently available treatments only worsen the problem. Drug discovery is expensive and time-consuming, making drug repurposing an enticing option.

Unbalanced long-chain fatty acid beta-oxidation in newborns with cystic fibrosis and congenital hypothyroidism.

Background: Immediately after birth, adaptation to the extrauterine environment includes an upregulation of fatty acid catabolism. Cystic fibrosis and untreated hypothyroidism exert a life-long impact on fatty acid metabolism, but their influence during this transitional period is unknown. Children and adults with cystic fibrosis exhibit unbalanced fatty acid composition, most prominently a relative deficit of linoleic acid.

Ground Reaction Forces and Joint Moments Predict Metabolic Cost in Physical Performance: Harnessing the Power of Artificial Neural Networks.

Understanding metabolic cost through biomechanical data, including ground reaction forces (GRFs) and joint moments, is vital for health, sports, and rehabilitation. The long stabilization time (2-5 min) of indirect calorimetry poses challenges in prolonged tests. This study investigated using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict metabolic costs from the GRF and joint moment time series.

Spatial and Temporal Analysis, and Machine Learning-Based Prediction of PCB Water Concentrations in U.S. Natural Water Systems.

Data on dissolved phase water concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from 32 locations across the U.S. were compiled from reports, Web sites, and peer-reviewed papers, spanning 1979-2020, resulting in 5132 individual samples.

Iowa emergency departments lack board-certified emergency physicians: A comprehensive statewide emergency department workforce study.

Introduction: The emergency physician (EP) workforce has been a recent focus after a workforce projection predicted a surplus of EPs by 2030. A previous study of Iowa emergency departments (EDs) demonstrated wide variability in ED staffing patterns and attributed it to the lack of EP job candidates. With the recent increase in emergency medicine (EM) residency positions, the objectives of this study were to understand how Iowa ED physician staffing has changed in regard to presence of board-certified EPs and what operational differences in Iowa EDs may be associated with staffing to provide insight into what may be occurring in other predominantly rural states.

Rare Earth Selectivity and Electric Potentials at Mica Interfaces.

Controlling materials' composition and structure to selectively adsorb rare earth elements (REE) is critical for better separations. Understanding how local electric potentials affect REE adsorption and how they can be modified via chemical substitution is of fundamental importance. We present calculated mean inner potentials for muscovite and phlogopite micas in excellent agreement with measured values of +10.

Immune responses of cattle vaccinated by various routes with Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG).

Background: Mycobacterium bovis BCG is the human tuberculosis vaccine and is the oldest vaccine still in use today with over 4 billion people vaccinated since 1921. The BCG vaccine has also been investigated experimentally in cattle and wildlife by various routes including oral and parenteral. Thus far, oral vaccination studies of cattle have involved liquid BCG or liquid BCG incorporated into a lipid matrix.

Longitudinal Treatment Patterns of Chorea in North American Patients with Huntington's Disease: Data from Enroll-HD.

Introduction: Chorea is the primary manifestation of Huntington's disease. Different clinicians pursue varied approaches to chorea management, and real-world evidence describing them is needed. The objective of this study was to assess the presence and severity of chorea, chorea pharmacotherapy, and treatment practice, and patterns in a large natural-history cohort with Huntington's disease.

Delayed onset of ocean acidification in the Gulf of Maine.

The Gulf of Maine holds significant ecological and economic value for fisheries and communities in north-eastern North America. However, there is apprehension regarding its vulnerability to the effects of increasing atmospheric CO. Substantial recent warming and the inflow of low alkalinity waters into the Gulf of Maine have raised concerns about the impact of ocean acidification on resident marine calcifiers (e.

Long-term exposure to PM and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China.

Background: Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) has been linked to visual impairment. Nevertheless, evidence associating PM constituents with visual impairment in schoolchildren is sparse.

Objectives: To explore the effects of long-term exposure to PM and its constituents on visual impairment.

Targeting transforming growth factor-β1 by methylseleninic acid/seleno-L-methionine in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) poses a significant global health challenge as its incidence continues to rise, resulting in a substantial annual mortality rate. Major clinical challenges to current ccRCC treatments include high drug-resistance rates as well as dose-limiting adverse events; underlining the need to identify additional 'druggable' targets. TGF-β1, VEGF, and PD-L1 are potential therapeutic targets in ccRCC.

RetinaRegNet: A zero-shot approach for retinal image registration.

Retinal image registration is essential for monitoring eye diseases and planning treatments, yet it remains challenging due to large deformations, minimal overlap, and varying image quality. To address these challenges, we propose RetinaRegNet, a multi-stage image registration model with zero-shot generalizability across multiple retinal imaging modalities. RetinaRegNet begins by extracting image features using a pretrained latent diffusion model.

SYS-1/beta-catenin inheritance and regulation by Wnt-signaling during asymmetric cell division.

Asymmetric cell division (ACD) allows daughter cells of a polarized mother to acquire different developmental fates. In , the Wnt/β-catenin Asymmetry (WβA) pathway regulates many embryonic and larval ACDs; here, a Wnt gradient induces an asymmetric distribution of Wnt signaling components within the dividing mother cell. One terminal nuclear effector of the WβA pathway is the transcriptional activator SYS-1/β-catenin.

Blood Culture Use in Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units and Wards.

Importance: Blood culture (BC) use benchmarks in US hospitals have not been defined.

Objective: To characterize BC use in adult intensive care units (ICUs) and wards in US hospitals.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective cross-sectional study of BC use in adult medical ICUs, medical-surgical ICUs, medical wards, and medical-surgical wards from acute care hospitals from the 4 US geographic regions was conducted.

Interactions of Chronic Stress Exposure and Stress Appraisal on Vascular Endothelial Function Among Young Adults.

We investigated the associations of ongoing, chronic stress exposure and stress appraisal on vascular endothelial function (VEF) in young adults. In 72 healthy young adults (74% female; age = 25±1 y), we assessed chronic stress exposure and appraisal with a measure that quantified chronic stress exposure and chronic stress appraisal related to 8 specific stressors over the last year. Participants completed the perceived stress scale (PSS) as a measure of global, proximal stress appraisal.

Assessing Clinical Improvement of Infants Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Critical Illness.

Background: Pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-related acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) commonly requires hospitalization. The Clinical Progression Scale Pediatrics (CPS-Ped) measures level of respiratory support and degree of hypoxia across a range of disease severity, but it has not been applied in infants hospitalized with severe RSV-LRTI.

Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective surveillance registry of infants hospitalized for RSV-related complications across 39 U.

Sex and academic stage differences in work-related musculoskeletal disorders pain among dental students. A cross-center cross-sectional study.

Objective: Dental professionals are highly vulnerable to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD). As females, who are more prone to WMSD, represent a growing proportion of the dental workforce, this study explored sex differences in WMSD-pain prevalence among dental students, and differentiated it between preclinical and clinical students.

Methods: A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among dental students at three U.

Complementary cognitive roles for D2-MSNs and D1-MSNs during interval timing.

The role of striatal pathways in cognitive processing is unclear. We studied dorsomedial striatal cognitive processing during interval timing, an elementary cognitive task that requires mice to estimate intervals of several seconds and involves working memory for temporal rules as well as attention to the passage of time. We harnessed optogenetic tagging to record from striatal D2-dopamine receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs) in the indirect pathway and from D1-dopamine receptor-expressing MSNs (D1-MSNs) in the direct pathway.

Balance Changes in Adult Cancer Survivors Participating in a 16-Week Therapeutic Yoga Program.

Introduction: Balance problems arising from cancer and its treatments can significantly impact daily functionality and quality of life. Improving balance as part of a cancer treatment plan could result in better patient outcomes. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether an integrative therapeutic yoga intervention can improve balance in a heterogenous population of cancer survivors (CS).

Attitudes, beliefs and preferences surrounding home-based exercise programs in endometrial cancer patients receiving treatment.

Background: Despite recommendations, exercise participation among endometrial cancer survivors remains low. Previous interventions focused on weight loss or in-person programs with limited reach. Regular exercise, regardless of weight change, reduces mortality risk and improves functionality.