RiboTag-based RNA-Seq uncovers oligodendroglial lineage-specific inflammation in autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Oligodendroglial lineage cells (OLCs) are critical for neuronal support functions, including myelination and remyelination. Emerging evidence reveals their active roles in neuroinflammation, particularly in conditions like Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This study explores the inflammatory translatome of OLCs during the early onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an established MS model.

Long-term, cell type-specific effects of prenatal stress on dorsal striatum and relevant behaviors in mice.

Maternal stress during pregnancy, or prenatal stress, is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In ASD, dorsal striatum displays abnormalities correlating with symptom severity, but there is a gap in knowledge about dorsal striatal cellular and molecular mechanisms that may contribute. Using a mouse model, we investigated how prenatal stress impacted striatal-dependent behavior in adult offspring.

Enhanced identification of small molecules binding to hnRNPA1 via cryptic pockets mapping coupled with X-Ray fragment screening.

The human heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A1 is a prototypical RNA-binding protein essential in regulating a wide range of post-transcriptional events in cells. As a multifunctional protein with a key role in RNA metabolism, deregulation of its functions has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, tumour aggressiveness and chemoresistance, which has fuelled efforts to develop novel therapeutics that modulates its RNA binding activities. Here, using a combination of Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and graph neural network pockets predictions, we showed that hnRNPA1 N-terminal RNA binding domain (UP1) contains several cryptic pockets capable of binding small molecules.

Transcriptional responses to macrocyclic lactone exposure in larvae using RNA-seq.

, the causative agent of zoonotic toxocariasis in humans, is a parasitic roundworm of canids with a complex lifecycle. While macrocyclic lactones (MLs) are successful at treating adult infections when used at FDA-approved doses in dogs, they fail to kill somatic third-stage larvae. In this study, we profiled the transcriptome of third-stage larvae derived from larvated eggs and treated with 10 μM of the MLs - ivermectin and moxidectin with Illumina sequencing.

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex TMS evokes responses in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex: Evidence from human intracranial EEG.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with intracranial local field potential recordings in humans (TMS-iEEG) represents a new method for investigating electrophysiologic effects of TMS with spatiotemporal precision. We applied TMS-iEEG to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) in two subjects and demonstrate evoked activity in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC). This study provides direct electrophysiologic evidence that dlPFC TMS, as targeted for depression treatment, can modulate brain activity in the sgACC.

Whole genome sequence-based association analysis of African American individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

In studies of individuals of primarily European genetic ancestry, common and low-frequency variants and rare coding variants have been found to be associated with the risk of bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ). However, less is known for individuals of other genetic ancestries or the role of rare non-coding variants in BD and SZ risk. We performed whole genome sequencing of African American individuals: 1,598 with BD, 3,295 with SZ, and 2,651 unaffected controls (InPSYght study).

Primary Intracranial Sarcoma, DICER1-Mutant, With Prominent Chondroid Differentiation: Case Report and Summary of Reported Patients in Literature.

Primary intracranial sarcoma, -mutant, included as a new diagnostic entity in the 2021 WHO Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors, is a rare, but aggressive neoplasm generally identified in the supratentorial forebrain. The prognostic implications of these uncommon tumors and optimal treatment strategy remain unclear. A 19-year-old woman was found unresponsive after reporting a severe headache.

A concept analysis of the recurrence-related to diabetic foot ulcers.

Background And Purpose: There is inconsistency and lack of conceptual clarity regarding the concept of "recurrence" in diabetes-related foot ulcers. Therefore, the purpose of this concept analysis is to analyze the concept of recurrence-related to diabetes-related foot ulcer after the healing of a previous foot ulcer.

Method: The Rodger's evolutionary concept analysis method was employed to analyze the concept of recurrence in diabetes-related foot ulcers.

Fracture Resistance of Chairside CAD/CAM Lithium Disilicate Partial and Full Coverage Crowns and Veneers for Maxillary Canines.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the fracture resistance of chairside computer assisted design and computer assisted manufacturing (CAD-CAM) lithium disilicate partial and full-coverage crowns and veneers for maxillary canines.

Methods And Materials: Forty-eight restorations for maxillary right canines (12 per group) were designed as follows: (1) partial crown with finish line in the upper middle third; (2) partial crown with finish line in the lower middle third; (3) traditional labial veneer; and (4) traditional full-coverage crown. Restorations were fabricated out of lithium disilicate (Amber Mill, Hassbio) using a chairside CAD-CAM system (Cerec Dentsply Sirona).

Novel Variants of IGF2 Gene Are Linked With Neural Tube Defects-An In Silico to Clinical Approach in West Bengal, India.

Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are defined as an incomplete closure of the neural tube (NT), with a prevalence of 1.2 per 1000 live births around the world. Methylation of the maternally imprinted gene Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is one of the epigenetic mechanisms that contribute significantly to the development of NTDs.

Vascular access: Femoral, radial and large-bore alternative access.

Vascular access for coronary, peripheral, and structural interventions has changed significantly over the past two decades. The evolving demand for both large-bore access for valvular interventions and mechanical support devices, and for safer access for coronary interventions, in patients with comorbidities have driven progress in these areas. This review will provide an overview of the techniques of arterial access in the femoral, forearm (radial and ulnar), and alternative (transcarotid, transaxillary, and transcaval) locations based on the latest evidence and experience.

Intracellular Delivery of Proteins by Protein-Recognizing Nanoparticles.

Intracellular delivery of proteins can directly impact dysregulated and dysfunctional proteins and is a key step in the fast growing field of protein therapeutics. The vast majority of protein-delivery systems enter cells through endocytic pathways, but endosomal escape is a difficult and inefficient process, demanding fundamentally different methods of delivery. We report ultrasmall cationic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles that bind protein targets with high specificity through their uniquely distributed surface lysine groups.

Mucin5AC promotes breast cancer brain metastasis through cMET/CD44v6.

Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) brain metastasis (BrM) remains a significant clinical problem. Mucins have been implicated in metastasis; however, if they are also involved in BCBrM remains unknown. We queried BrM patient databases and found Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) to be upregulated and therefore sought to define the role of MUC5AC in BCBrM.

Enhancing Safety in Dermatologic Surgery: The Impact of Checklist Implementation.

This article explains the value and rationale behind the use of checklists. Included is a surgery checklist used successfully over many years by a highly experienced dermatologist and dermatologic surgeon. This approach is used by all clinicians and office staff in a very busy ambulatory practice that incorporates medical, cosmetic, and surgical dermatology, including Mohs micrographic surgery.

Management of choroidal/ciliary body metastasis in the era of targeted cancer therapy.

Introduction: Choroidal metastases from systemic malignancies are the most common intraocular malignancies in adults. External beam radiation (EBR) has historically been first-line therapy for metastatic tumors to the choroid. However, good responses have been described with newer targeted biologics.

Disrupting the transmembrane domain interface between PMP22 and MPZ causes peripheral neuropathy.

Peripheral Myelin Protein 22 (PMP22) and MPZ are abundant myelin membrane proteins in Schwann cells. The MPZ adhesion protein holds myelin wraps together across the intraperiod line. PMP22 is a tetraspan protein belonging to the Claudin superfamily.

Racial Disparities in Cancer Guideline-Concordant Treatment Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Data for Patients With NSCLC.

Introduction: Despite efforts to achieve health care equality, racial/ethnic disparities persist in lung cancer survival in the United States, with non-Hispanic Black patients experiencing higher mortality compared with non-Hispanic Whites. Previous research often focused on single treatments, overlooking the broad range of options available. We aimed to highlight disparities in survival and receipt of comprehensive lung cancer treatment by developing a guideline-concordant initial treatment (GCIT) indicator based on disease stage and recommended treatment.

Multi-sensor and multi-temporal high-throughput phenotyping for monitoring and early detection of water-limiting stress in soybean.

Soybean ( [L.] Merr.) production is susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses, exacerbated by extreme weather events.

What cancers explain the growing rural-urban gap in human papillomavirus-associated cancer incidence?

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cancers of the genital system, anus/rectum, and oropharynx. Prior research showed that HPV-associated cancer incidence was rising faster in nonmetro than in metro populations. Our study identified which cancers contributed to the widening disparity.