Macrotrabecular-Massive Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Macrotrabecular-massive hepatocellular carcinoma (MTM-HCC) is a rare and aggressive molecular subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with a poor prognosis. Unlike typical HCC, which commonly arises in the context of cirrhosis, MTM-HCC can develop in non-cirrhotic livers, presenting unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This case report describes a 35-year-old male who presented with persistent epigastric pain, fatigue, and loss of appetite.

Wnt Signaling Pathway in Tumor Biology.

Relapse and metastasis are the major challenges that stand in the way of cancer healing and survival, mainly attributed to cancer stem cells (CSCs). Their capabilities of self-renewal and tumorigenic potential leads to treatment resistance development. CSCs function through signaling pathways such as the Wnt/β-catenin cascade.

The Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antitumor Proprieties of Flavonol-Rich Extracts from (Wild Garlic) Leaves: A Comparison of Conventional Maceration and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Techniques.

Despite the growing interest in using natural compounds for disease prevention and treatment, (wild garlic), known for its therapeutic properties, has not been extensively studied for its chemical composition and biological activities. Therefore, this study aims to explore the in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor activities of extracts according to their functional phytochemical profile, while assessing whether ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) enhances bioactive properties in comparison to conventional maceration (CM). Both extracts were characterized by spectrophotometric methods and LC-ESI+-MS.

Diagnostic Value of Nuclear Hybrid Imaging in Malignant Struma Ovarii: A Systematic Review of Case Reports.

Background: Struma ovarii is a rare tumor, a type of ovarian mature teratoma consisting over 50% of its mass in thyroid ectopic tissue; 5% to 10% of cases, as described in the literature, are malignant and well known as malignant struma ovarii or thyroid cancer from struma ovarii. Due to the limited number of malignant struma ovarii cases, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of malignant struma ovarii lacks in standardization.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive search on the English language PubMed and Google Scholar.

Survival and Treatment Outcomes in Gastric Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Brain metastases (BM) from gastric cancer (GC) are rare but associated with poor prognosis, significantly impacting patient survival and quality of life. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to consolidate existing research on BM from GC, evaluate the incidence and clinical outcomes, and explore the effectiveness of treatment options.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across the Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, following PRISMA guidelines.

In silico splicing analysis of the PMS2 gene: exploring alternative molecular mechanisms in PMS2-associated Lynch syndrome.

Lynch syndrome (LS) is one of the most common hereditary cancer syndrome in human populations, associated with germline variants in MLH1, MSH2/EPCAM, MSH6 and PMS2 genes. The advent of next generation sequencing has proven a significant impact in germline variant detection in the causative genes; however, a large proportion of patients with clinical criteria still receive uncertain or negative results. PMS2 is the least frequent reported gene, associated with up to 15% of LS cases with late-onset disease and low penetrance phenotype; however, the proportion of PMS2-LS cases is considered to be highly underestimated.

5-Azacytidine treatment inhibits the development of lung cancer models via epigenetic reprogramming and activation of cellular pathways with anti-tumor activity.

Background And Aims: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment is challenged by late detection and limited therapeutic options. Aberrant DNA methylation, a common epigenetic alteration in NSCLC, offers new therapeutic avenues. This study aims to evaluate the combined effects of 5-Azacytidine (5-Aza), an epigenetic modifier, and ionizing radiation (IR) on NSCLC, exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Intraoperative imaging of residual ovarian cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy using indocyanine green.

Objectives: Interval debulking surgery has similar outcomes and less morbidity compared with primary debulking in advanced ovarian cancer. However, there is controversy regarding the selection of chemotherapy-resistant clones. Complete resection is an essential prerequisite, and near-infrared surgery combined with various techniques for highlighting malignant foci strives to achieve actual complete resection.

Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Romania: Results From a Decade-Long Single-Center Study.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent cancer in children, with continuously improving survival rates. As few studies in Romania have analyzed ALL patients and disease characteristics or survival, we conducted a retrospective study on 158 patients diagnosed with ALL admitted to the Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology at the Emergency Hospital for Children, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, from January 2011 until April 2021. The most important objectives of the study are to establish full profiles of the patients and ALL, remission rates, relapses, and deaths, an epidemiology analysis to determine the incidence of ALL for comparison with the standard European population, and also to assess survival by the most important parameters, including minimal residual disease (MRD).

Macrophages as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogenous malignant hemopathy, and although new drugs have emerged recently, current treatment options still show limited efficacy. Therapy resistance remains a major concern due to its contribution to treatment failure, disease relapse, and increased mortality among patients. The underlying mechanisms of resistance to therapy are not fully understood, and it is crucial to address this challenge to improve therapy.

The Effects of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment on Cardiac Repolarization.

: In recent years, cardiac dysfunction in childhood cancer survivors has become an important issue. Studies are focusing on identifying means for the early identification of patients at risk. Considering this, our study aims to investigate 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) repolarization changes throughout doxorubicin (DOX) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) administration in pediatric patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Identification of a central network hub of key prognostic genes based on correlation between transcriptomics and survival in patients with metastatic solid tumors.

Background: Dysregulated pathways in cancer may be hub addicted. Identifying these dysregulated networks for targeting might lead to novel therapeutic options.

Objective: Considering the hypothesis that central hubs are associated with increased lethality, identifying key hub targets within central networks could lead to the development of novel drugs with improved efficacy in advanced metastatic solid tumors.

The road to overcome pancreatic cancer: Where are we?

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an intricate malignancy with poor prognosis. In the present state of the art review paper and clinical trial trend analysis, we explore the current clinically employed state of pancreatic cancer body of knowledge and future research directions. When considering PDACs' molecular biology, we underline the role of PanIN in carcinogenesis and mutational gain, as well as the distinctive tumor microenvironment with the characteristic dense fibrotic stroma.

Dysregulated MicroRNAs in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

MiRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs acting as gene expression regulators by modulating the lifespan of messenger RNA. Commonly referred to as the most frequent leukemia in the Western world, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a lymphoproliferative malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of CD19, CD23, and CD5-positive mature B-cells. While this pathology is regarded as less aggressive and has a variety of treatment options, the cause of its clinical heterogeneity is not yet understood.

B7H3 Immune Checkpoint Overexpression Is Associated with Decreased Complete Response Rates to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Background And Objectives: Rectal cancer accounts for approximately one-third of colorectal cancers, with over 340,000 deaths globally in 2022. Despite advancements in treatment, the five-year overall survival for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remains at 74%, with significant morbidity. B7H3 (CD276), an immune checkpoint protein, plays a role in tumor progression and resistance to therapy, and correlates with poor prognosis in various cancers, including colorectal cancer.

Concomitant Administration of Psychotropic and Prostate Cancer Drugs: A Pharmacoepidemiologic Study Using Drug-Drug Interaction Databases.

Prostate cancer (PC) represents the second most common diagnosed cancer in men. The burden of diagnosis and long-term treatment may frequently cause psychiatric disorders in patients, particularly depression. The most common PC treatment option is androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which may be associated with taxane chemotherapy.

The Role of Predictive and Prognostic MRI-Based Biomarkers in the Era of Total Neoadjuvant Treatment in Rectal Cancer.

The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in rectal cancer management has significantly increased over the last decade, in line with more personalized treatment approaches. Total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) plays a pivotal role in the shift from traditional surgical approach to non-surgical approaches such as 'watch-and-wait'. MRI plays a central role in this evolving landscape, providing essential morphological and functional data that support clinical decision-making.