Author Correction: Multidisciplinary study of the secondary immune response in grandparents re-exposed to chickenpox.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Impact of orthodontic treatment on the integrity of endodontically treated teeth.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the periapical status of endodontically treated teeth and the integrity of endodontic treatment before and after orthodontic treatment.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by evaluating 128 teeth with root canal treatment (RCT). The teeth were obtained from 72 patients (23 males, 49 females) who had undergone fixed orthodontic treatment.

Resurgence risk for measles, mumps and rubella in France in 2018 and 2020.

BackgroundLarge measles and mumps outbreaks recently occurred throughout Europe and the United States. : Our aim was to estimate and map the risk of resurgence for measles, mumps and rubella in France. : We used a multi-cohort model combining seroprevalence information, vaccine coverage and social contact data.

Understanding and Communicating Measures of Treatment Effect on Survival: Can We Do Better?

Time-to-event end points are the most frequent primary end points in phase III oncology trials, both in the adjuvant and advanced settings. The evaluation of these end points is important to inform clinical practice. However, although different measures can be used to describe the effect of treatment on these end points, we believe that any treatment benefit in a given trial is best reported using various absolute and relative measures.

Reported changes in oral health-related quality of life in children and adolescents before, during, and after orthodontic treatment: a longitudinal study.

Objectives: To investigate the changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) before, during, and after orthodontic treatment, determine the relationship with the original treatment need and evaluate the influence of self-esteem (SE).

Materials And Methods: OHRQoL questionnaires were used in an ongoing observational prospective cohort study at baseline (T0), 1 year after start (T1), and 1 month after the end of active orthodontic treatment (T2). Participants were 11-16-year-old at baseline and 215 complete cases were obtained from a total of 498.

Outcome of transplantation performed outside the regular working hours: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.

Transplant procedures are frequently performed outside the regular working hours (after hours). In general surgery, several studies observed worse outcomes for operations performed after hours. The predetermined hypothesis was that patients undergoing transplantation during after hours might suffer from an excess in post-operative mortality and morbidity when compared to patients undergoing transplantations during the regular working hours.

Memory CD4 T cell receptor repertoire data mining as a tool for identifying cytomegalovirus serostatus.

Pathogens of past and current infections have been identified directly by means of PCR or indirectly by measuring a specific immune response (e.g., antibody titration).

Proceedings of the EuBIC developer's meeting 2018.

The inaugural European Bioinformatics Community (EuBIC) developer's meeting was held from January 9th to January 12th 2018 in Ghent, Belgium. While the meeting kicked off with an interactive keynote session featuring four internationally renowned experts in the field of computational proteomics, its primary focus were the hands-on hackathon sessions which featured six community-proposed projects revolving around three major topics: Here, we present an overview of the scientific program of the EuBIC developer's meeting and provide a starting point for follow-up on the covered projects.

The Usage of Exon-Exon Splice Junctions for the Detection of Alternative Splicing using the REIDS model.

Alternative gene splicing is a common phenomenon in which a single gene gives rise to multiple transcript isoforms. The process is strictly guided and involves a multitude of proteins and regulatory complexes. Unfortunately, aberrant splicing events have been linked to genetic disorders.

Measurement agreement of the self-administered questionnaire of the Belgian Health Interview Survey: Paper-and-pencil versus web-based mode.

Before organizing mixed-mode data collection for the self-administered questionnaire of the Belgian Health Interview Survey, measurement effects between the paper-and-pencil and the web-based questionnaire were evaluated. A two-period cross-over study was organized with a sample of 149 employees of two Belgian research institutes (age range 22-62 years, 72% female). Measurement agreement was assessed for a diverse range of health indicators related to general health, mental and psychosocial health, health behaviors and prevention with kappa coefficients and intraclass correlation (ICC).

Improved survival after LTx-associated acute GVHD with mAb therapy targeting IL2RAb and soluble TNFAb: Single-center experience and systematic review.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after liver transplant (LTx) is a rare complication with a high mortality rate. Recently, monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment, specifically with anti-interleukin 2 receptor antibodies (IL2RAb) and anti-tumor necrosis factor-α antibodies (TNFAb), has gained increasing interest. However, evidence is mostly limited to case reports and the efficacy remains unclear.

Defensive medicine among antibiotic stewards: the international ESCMID AntibioLegalMap survey.

Objectives: To investigate fear of legal claims and defensive behaviours among specialists in infectious diseases (ID) and clinical microbiology (CM) and to identify associated demographic and professional characteristics.

Methods: AntibioLegalMap was an international cross-sectional internet-based survey targeting specialists in ID and CM. Three variables were explored: fear of legal liability in antibiotic prescribing/advising on antibiotic prescription; defensive behaviours in antibiotic prescribing; and defensive behaviours in advising.

Maternal death and delays in accessing emergency obstetric care in Mozambique.

Background: Despite declining trends maternal mortality remains an important public health issue in Mozambique. The delays to reach an appropriate health facility and receive care faced by woman with pregnancy related complications play an important role in the occurrence of these deaths. This study aims to examine the contribution of the delays in relation to the causes of maternal death in facilities in Mozambique.

Safety and Efficacy of Repeat Embolization for Recurrent Hemoptysis: A 16-Year Retrospective Study Including 223 Patients.

Purpose: To assess safety, efficacy, and long-term outcome of repeat bronchial artery embolization (BAE) for recurrent hemoptysis.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients referred for repeat BAE to manage recurrent hemoptysis after initial successful embolization. BAE was performed in 223 patients; 36 (16.

Quantitative Peptidomics with Isotopic and Isobaric Tags.

In differential peptidomics, peptide profiles are compared between biological samples and the resulting expression levels are correlated to a phenotype of interest. This, in turn, allows us insight into how peptides may affect the phenotype of interest. In quantitative differential peptidomics, both label-based and label-free techniques are often employed.

Assessing the reactogenicity of Tdap vaccine administered during pregnancy and antibodies to Bordetella pertussis antigens in maternal and cord sera of Thai women.

Introduction: Pregnant Thai women have low antibody titers against B. pertussis antigens, which coincide with an increasing incidence of pertussis among Thai infants. Thus, there exists a potential benefit of a booster dose of tetanus- diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine administered during pregnancy.

The relationship of undernutrition/psychosocial factors and developmental outcomes of children in extreme poverty in Ethiopia.

Background: Extreme poverty is severe deprivation of basic needs and services. Children living in extreme poverty may lack adequate parental care and face increased developmental and health risks. However, there is a paucity of literature on the combined influences of undernutrition and psychosocial factors (such as limited play materials, playground, playtime, interactions of children with their peers and mother-child interaction) on children's developmental outcomes.

Radical solutions: Principles and application of electron-based dissociation in mass spectrometry-based analysis of protein structure.

In recent years, electron capture (ECD) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) have emerged as two of the most useful methods in mass spectrometry-based protein analysis, evidenced by a considerable and growing body of literature. In large part, the interest in these methods is due to their ability to induce backbone fragmentation with very little disruption of noncovalent interactions which allows inference of information regarding higher order structure from the observed fragmentation behavior. Here, we review the evolution of electron-based dissociation methods, and pay particular attention to their application in "native" mass spectrometry, their mechanism, determinants of fragmentation behavior, and recent developments in available instrumentation.

Arenavirus infection correlates with lower survival of its natural rodent host in a long-term capture-mark-recapture study.

Background: Parasite evolution is hypothesized to select for levels of parasite virulence that maximise transmission success. When host population densities fluctuate, low levels of virulence with limited impact on the host are expected, as this should increase the likelihood of surviving periods of low host density. We examined the effects of Morogoro arenavirus on the survival and recapture probability of multimammate mice (Mastomys natalensis) using a seven-year capture-mark-recapture time series.

Effects of home-based play-assisted stimulation on developmental performances of children living in extreme poverty: a randomized single-blind controlled trial.

Background: Children living with foster families in a resource-limited setting such as Ethiopia are at risk of developmental problems. It is not yet clear whether intensive home-based developmental stimulation assisted by play can reduce these problems. The main objective of this study was to examine the effects of play-assisted intervention integrated into basic services on the developmental performance of children living with foster families in extreme poverty.

Diffusion kurtosis imaging allows the early detection and longitudinal follow-up of amyloid-β-induced pathology.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population. In this study, we used the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model to explore the feasibility of using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) as a tool for the early detection of microstructural changes in the brain due to amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition.

Methods: We longitudinally acquired DKI data of wild-type (WT) and APP/PS1 mice at 2, 4, 6 and 8 months of age, after which these mice were sacrificed for histological examination.

Are infection specialists recommending short antibiotic treatment durations? An ESCMID international cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: To evaluate the current practice and the willingness to shorten the duration of antibiotic therapy among infection specialists.

Methods: Infection specialists giving at least weekly advice on antibiotic prescriptions were invited to participate in an online cross-sectional survey between September and December 2016. The questionnaire included 15 clinical vignettes corresponding to common clinical cases with favourable outcomes; part A asked about the antibiotic treatment duration they would usually advise to prescribers and part B asked about the shortest duration they were willing to recommend.

Zero-inflated multiscale models for aggregated small area health data.

It is our primary focus to study the spatial distribution of disease incidence at different geographical levels. Often, spatial data are available in the form of aggregation at multiple scale levels such as census tract, county, state, and so on. When data are aggregated from a fine (e.

The impact of regular school closure on seasonal influenza epidemics: a data-driven spatial transmission model for Belgium.

Background: School closure is often considered as an option to mitigate influenza epidemics because of its potential to reduce transmission in children and then in the community. The policy is still however highly debated because of controversial evidence. Moreover, the specific mechanisms leading to mitigation are not clearly identified.

The implementation of academic detailing and its effectiveness on appropriate prescribing of pain relief medication: a real-world cluster randomized trial in Belgian general practices.

Background: In Belgium, the debate about the effect of the national academic detailing service (ADS) on prescribing quality in general practice is ongoing. In order to evaluate both the implementation strategies of the ADS and its effectiveness on appropriate prescribing of pain relief medication, we conducted a real-world cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT).

Methods: In a pragmatic cRCT, all Belgian general practices previously visited by Farmaka were assessed for eligibility and randomized.