Network pharmacology integrated with molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to explore the mechanism of Shaoyao Gancao Tang in the treatment of asthma and irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated a correlation between asthma and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The Chinese herbal compound Shaoyao Gancao Tang (SYGCT) has been found to have therapeutic effects on both asthma and IBS, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aims to explore the key components, key targets, and potential mechanisms of SYGCT in treating asthma with IBS by using network pharmacology, molecular docking techniques and molecular dynamics simulation.

Gluten-Free Diet for Fashion or Necessity? Review with New Speculations on Irritable Bowel Syndrome-like Disorders.

Nowadays, the gluten-free diet (GFD) has become much more than the dietary treatment for celiac disease. Due to its presumed beneficial effects even in non-celiac subjects, it has become a new fashion statement and it is promoted by some healthcare professionals, social media and marketing strategists. On the other hand, regardless of a proper medical indication, a GFD may present side effects, such as poor palatability, high costs and socio-psychological adversities.

Association of childhood dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentration, pubertal development, and DNA methylation at puberty-related genes.

Objective: High concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) often precede premature puberty and sometimes polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We hypothesized that the underlying mechanisms might involve DNA methylation. As an indicator of the downstream effects of DHEAS, we looked for associations between prepubertal DHEAS concentration, pubertal progression, and DNA methylation at puberty-related genes in blood cells.

Unravelling Stendhal syndrome: the intersection of art, emotion and neuroscience.

Stendhal syndrome represents a compelling psychosomatic response, characterised by intense emotional and physiological reactions to viewing art, that intersects the fields of psychiatry, neurology and aesthetics. Despite lacking formal diagnostic recognition, a confluence of historical anecdotes and contemporary research underscores its validity as a unique neuropsychiatric phenomenon. This review endeavours to integrate insights from various scholarly domains to elucidate the syndrome's clinical manifestations, neurobiological foundations and its cultural and psychological relevance.

Syndrome-informed phenotyping identifies a polygenic background for achondroplasia-like facial variation in the general population.

Human craniofacial shape is highly variable yet highly heritable with numerous genetic variants interacting through multiple layers of development. Here, we hypothesize that Mendelian phenotypes represent the extremes of a phenotypic spectrum and, using achondroplasia as an example, we introduce a syndrome-informed phenotyping approach to identify genomic loci associated with achondroplasia-like facial variation in the general population. We compare three-dimensional facial scans from 43 individuals with achondroplasia and 8246 controls to calculate achondroplasia-like facial scores.

Application of Additive Manufacturing in Assisted Reproductive Techniques: What Is the Evidence? A Clinical and Technical Systematic Review of the Literature.

This article investigates the transformative impact of 3D and bio 3D printing technologies in assisted reproductive technology (ART), offering a comprehensive review of their applications in improving reproductive outcomes. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a thorough literature search focusing on the intersection of ART and additive manufacturing, resulting in the inclusion of 48 research papers. The study highlights bio 3D printing's potential in revolutionizing female infertility treatments, especially in follicle complex culture and ovary printing.

Understanding Myelodysplasia and Inflammation Through the Lense of VEXAS Syndrome: A Review.

VEXAS syndrome, a monogenic X-linked disorder resulting from mutations in the UBA1 gene, has emerged as a key model for unraveling the links between systemic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases (SIAD) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MD). This syndrome is characterized by the presence of vacuoles, X-linked inheritance, autoinflammation, and somatic mutation patterns, highlighting a unique intersection between genetic and immunological dysregulation. Apart from VEXAS, 10% to 30% of individuals diagnosed with MDS exhibit SIAD phenotypes, a significant increase compared to the 5% incidence in the general population.

The intersection of allergy and acute coronary syndrome: a type II Kounis syndrome case report.

This case report discusses a rare occurrence of type II Kounis syndrome, characterised by an acute myocardial infarction triggered by an allergic reaction. The patient, a young adult male, experienced urticaria soon after eating oysters, which quickly escalated to severe chest discomfort. Despite lacking typical cardiac risk factors, the electrocardiogram showed indications of ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Use of Basket Trials to Solve Sleep Problems in Patients with Rare Diseases.

The need for sleep is universal, and the ability to meet this need impacts the quality of life for patients, families, and caregivers. Although substantial progress has been made in treating rare diseases, many patients have unmet medical sleep needs, and current regulatory policy makes it prohibitively difficult to address those needs medically. This opinion reviews the rare disease experience with sleep disorders and explores potential solutions.

The interferon response at the intersection of genome integrity and innate immunity.

In recent years, numerous reports indicated that, besides pathogen infections, DNA replication stress and defective DNA repair can trigger the innate immune response by introducing a state of viral mimicry, due to cytosolic accumulation of the self-nucleic acid species, which culminates in the activation of type I interferon (IFN) pathway. In turn, IFN upregulates a variety of factors mutually implicated in immune- and genome-related mechanisms, shedding light on the unprecedented causality between genome stability and innate immunity. Intriguingly, in addition to being induced by replication stress, IFN-regulated factors can also promote it, pinpointing IFN signaling as both a consequence and a cause of replication stress.

Intersection of the fragile X-related disorders and the DNA damage response.

The Repeat Expansion Diseases (REDs) are a large group of human genetic disorders that result from an increase in the number of repeats in a disease-specific tandem repeat or microsatellite. Emerging evidence suggests that the repeats trigger an error-prone form of DNA repair that causes the expansion mutation by exploiting a limitation in normal mismatch repair. Furthermore, while much remains to be understood about how the mutation causes pathology in different diseases in this group, there is evidence to suggest that some of the downstream consequences of repeat expansion trigger the DNA damage response in ways that contribute to disease pathology.

A Study and In Vitro Evaluation of the Bioactive Compounds of Broad Bean Sprouts for the Treatment of Parkinson's Syndrome.

Levodopa (LD) is the first discovered and the most promising and effective medication for Parkinson's disease (PD). As the first identified natural source of LD, L. (broad beans), especially its sprouts, has been confirmed to contain many other potential bioactive compounds that could also be therapeutic for PD.

Association between cardiorenal syndrome and depressive symptoms among the US population: a mediation analysis via lipid indices.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and lipids are positively correlated with the presence of depressive symptoms. However, investigation into the complex link that exists between cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) and lipid indices and depression remains scarce.

Methods: This study analyzed data from 11, 729 adults in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys from 2005 to 2018.

Mitophagy Unveiled: Exploring the Nexus of Mitochondrial Health and Neuroendocrinopathy.

Mitochondria play a pivotal role in cellular metabolism, energy production, and apoptotic signaling, making mitophagy, the selective degradation of damaged mitochondria, crucial for mitochondrial health. Dysregulation of mitophagy has been implicated in various neuroendocrinopathies, yet the mechanisms linking these processes remain poorly understood. This review aims to explore the intersection between mitophagy and neuroendocrinopathy, addressing the critical gaps in knowledge regarding how mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to the pathophysiology of neuroendocrine disorders.

Intersection of Sleep Disorders and Parkinson Disease: Unveiling the Bidirectional Relationship.

Background: Patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) frequently exhibit non-motor symptoms, particularly sleep disturbances. Sleep disorders in PD patients are intricately linked to the pathogenesis and progression of PD itself, exacerbating neurodegenerative processes and worsening patient quality of life.

Objectives: This review underscores the significance of sleep disorders in PD, highlighting their prevalence, impact on disease progression, and the bidirectional relationship between sleep disruption and neurodegeneration.

Identification and validation of novel genes related to immune microenvironment in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most complicated chronic inflammatory diseases in women of reproductive age and is one of the primary factors responsible for infertility. There is substantial dispute relating to the pathophysiology of PCOS. Consequently, there is a critical need for further research to identify the factors underlying the pathophysiology of PCOS.