Prevalence of Postpartum Anemia and Associated Risk Factors in Najran Hospitals, Saudi Arabia; A Retrospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Postpartum anemia (PPA) occurs when hemoglobin (Hb) levels drop below 11 g/dl within 42 days after childbirth. This growing public health issue is a leading cause of complications that can affect maternal health and increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. However, evidence about its prevalence and associated risk factors is still unclear.

The Role of Machine Learning Models in Predicting Cirrhosis Mortality: A Systematic Review.

Liver cirrhosis affects millions of individuals worldwide and is one of the primary causes of mortality. Early mortality prediction for cirrhosis patients may increase the possibility for medical professionals to treat the illness successfully. This study assesses the ability of machine learning (ML) models to predict cirrhosis mortality.

Comparison of Ventilation Strategies Across the Perioperative Period in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Narrative Review.

General anesthesia is a critical component of surgical procedures, requiring effective ventilation strategies to ensure adequate oxygenation and prevent complications. This narrative review aims to compare various ventilation techniques used during general anesthesia, focusing on their physiological foundations, clinical applications, and outcomes. Traditional methods, such as high tidal volume ventilation, have evolved into more sophisticated approaches, including protective lung ventilation, which are particularly beneficial for high-risk patients with respiratory comorbidities.

Comprehensive Analysis of Clinical and Molecular Features in Cancer Patients Associated With Major Human Oncoviruses.

Viral infections contribute to a higher incidence of cancer than any other individual risk factor. This study aimed to compare the clinical and molecular features of four viral-associated cancers: stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC). Patients were categorized based on viral infection status, as provided in the clinical data, into virus-associated and non-virus-associated groups, followed by a comprehensive comparison of clinical and molecular features.

Awareness of Hepatitis B Among the General Population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Hepatitis B, caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), remains a significant global public health challenge despite advances in vaccination and treatment. This study aims to evaluate the awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of hepatitis B among the general population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Riyadh in 2024, involving 805 participants aged 18 years and above.

Assessing the quality of life among African medical and health science students using the WHOQOL-BREF tool.

Background: The quality of life (QoL) among health professional students is available in the literature, yet there is a paucity of information concerning QoL among African students. The study aimed to measure the QoL with the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) tool among African medical and health science students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 349 African medical and health science students from various disciplines at the International African University in May 2024.

5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene polymorphism as a risk factor for premature coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Africa, like the rest of the world, is experiencing an increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes increases the risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) by fourfold compared to people without diabetes. C677T polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and hyperhomocysteinemia were reported by many studies as risk factors for CAD among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Web-Based Educational Resources for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: Availability and Reliability.

Purpose: Arabic is the primary language used in the Middle East, where sickle cell disease (SCD) is prevalent. This study aims to quantify Arabic web educational materials for patients with SCD and provide a descriptive standardized assessment.

Methods And Materials: This retrospective, descriptive study aimed to analyze Arabic websites on SCD through the Discern instrument and JAMA benchmark.

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Tobacco Use Among Physicians in Madinah City, Saudi Arabia, in 2024.

Background Smoking is recognized as a major public health issue globally; it is widely distributed among people of various origins and races in the world despite hard efforts on cessation programs. Its health hazards extend to dangerous complications, which mostly end in death according to statistics around the world. Tobacco use is influenced by several factors, which may include social pressures from peers, family influences, and media portrayals of smoking.

The development of Africa's first unified hypertension management guidelines.

Hypertension is a leading cardiovascular risk factor, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality in Africa. The continent is plagued with a high incidence, coupled with low treatment and control rates. The causes are multifactorial, and among the major causes is an absence of standardized African guidelines for the management of hypertension.

Ethanolic Extract of Protects against CCl-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Antioxidant Capabilities in Albino Rats.

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of ethanolic () seed extract on carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.

Methods: Forty-eight albino rats weighing (100-150 g) were used for hepatoprotective and toxicity experiments. Antioxidant activity was determined using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay.

Plant extracts as emerging modulators of neuroinflammation and immune receptors in Alzheimer's pathogenesis.

Memory loss is becoming an increasingly significant health problem, largely due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), which disrupts the brain in several ways, including causing inflammation and weakening the body's defenses. This study explores the potential of medicinal plants as a source of novel therapeutic agents for AD. First, we tested various plant extracts against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) , following molecular docking simulations with key AD-related protein targets such as MAO-B, P-gp, GSK-3β, and CD14.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of African School of Hypertension for Non-Physician Health Workers, a Qualitative Study: QuASH Hypertension Study.

Background: The implementation of task sharing and shifting (TSTS) policy as a way of addressing the shortage of physicians and reducing the burden of hypertension in Africa birthed the idea of the African School of Hypertension (ASH). The ASH is saddled with the responsibility of training non-physician health workers across Africa continent in the management of uncomplicated hypertension.

Aim: To get feedback from some faculty members and students who participated in the first ASH programme.

Translation and psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the ageism scale for dental students (ASDS-Ar): A multi-institutional validation.

Background And Objective: Ageism represents an important barrier to high-quality healthcare for older adults. The present study sought to translate and validate the Arabic version of the Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS-Arabic).

Materials And Methods: The 27-item ASDS tool was translated from English into Arabic following recommended cross-sectional forward and backward translation guidelines.

Comparison of Endoflas and Zinc Oxide Eugenol as Root Canal Filling Materials for Pulpectomy in Deciduous Teeth: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Endoflas and Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) as root canal filling materials (RCFMs) for the pulpectomy of deciduous teeth by analyzing multiple clinical and radiographic success and failure follow-ups in previously published studies.

Data: All clinical studies that investigated the pulpectomy of the deciduous teeth of children aged 3-9 years.

Sources: The databases used for source identification included MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.

Assessment of the impact of COVID-19 and political instability on mental health of university students in Sudan.

Background: The mental health of students plays a crucial role in their learning and performance. The COVID-19 pandemic, the political turmoil and a coup in Sudan has exacerbated stress and anxiety among university students in Sudan due to uncertainty about their academic activities.

Aim: To assess post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurrence and coping strategies adopted by university students in Sudan.

Rehabilitation of mandibular resected patients using fixed immediately loaded corticobasal implant -supported prostheses. A case series.

Introduction And Importance: Aliments such as congenital conditions, pathological, and iatrogenic circumstances may result in mandibular defects that can severely disturb the patients' oral health, functions (mastication, speech), aesthetics, and quality of life and present a rehabilitating challenge.

Case Presentation: we present a multidisciplinary treatment approach for three cases presented with mandibular resection as a consequence of cystic, benign, and malignant tumour eradication that were rehabilitated with immediately loaded fixed corticobasal implant-supported prostheses and a follow-up period of 5,5 and 4 years. The reported cases present with excellent implant survival, along with healthy peri-implant tissues, stable prostheses, enhanced speech, chewing ability, aesthetics, superior patient satisfaction, and improved overall self-esteem.

Antibiotic resistance in Sudan: assessing the knowledge and practices of healthcare workers in Khartoum.

Background: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a major public health issue, associated with increased patient morbidity and mortality globally, with significantly higher rates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Assessment of contextual factors, such as information, education, infrastructure and regulations are important for developing local solutions against ABR.

Objectives: To determine the knowledge and practices of healthcare workers (HCWs) towards ABR in hospitals in Sudan.

Quality of Life After Proximal Femoral Fractures Treated With Gamma Nail in Sudan.

Background Hip fracture is a public health problem globally, and it poses one of the biggest challenges in healthcare due to its associated complications. Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the quality of life in adult patients in Khartoum State, Sudan, after they have undergone treatment using a gamma nail for proximal femoral fractures. Methodology This cross-sectional descriptive hospital-based study was conducted at Ibrahim Malik, Omdurman, and Bahri Teaching Hospitals over six months, from April to October 2022.

War and education: the attacks on medical schools amidst ongoing armed conflict, Sudan 2023.

Background: War results in widespread destruction of a country's infrastructure, healthcare facilities, and educational institutions. This study aims to assess the attacks on medical schools amidst the ongoing conflict in Sudan.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted across 58 medical schools located in the states of Khartoum, Darfur, and Kordofan.