Assessment of the Monocyte Subpopulations and M1/M2 Macrophage Ratio in Concentrated Bone Marrow Aspirate.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the M1/M2 macrophage ratio in concentrated bone marrow aspirate (cBMA) in patients undergoing surgical intervention augmented with cBMA for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs).

Design: Samples of peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow aspirate (BMA), and cBMA were collected during the procedure. The samples were analyzed by automated cell counting and multicolor fluorescence-activated cell sorting with specific antibodies recognizing monocytes (CD14+ CD16+) and the M1 (CD86+) and M2 (CD163+CD206+) populations within that monocyte population.

How Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome Is Affected by Alignment, Range of Motion, Strength, and Gait Biomechanics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Context: Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a common chronic injury of the lower-extremity in the physically active population. However, the risk factors for MTSS remain unclear.

Objective: This study identified the risk factors for MTSS and established the continuum model of lower-extremity alignments, range of motion, muscular strength, and gait kinematics affecting each other and MTSS development.

Outcomes Following Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus at 10-Year Follow-Up: A Retrospective Review.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes following autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) at a minimum of 10-year follow-up.

Design: Retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent AOT for the treatment of OLT. Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained in all patients.

From technical to understandable: Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models improve the readability of knee radiology reports.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an Artificial Intelligence-Large Language Model (AI-LLM) at improving the readability of knee radiology reports.

Methods: Reports of 100 knee X-rays, 100 knee computed tomography (CT) scans and 100 knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were retrieved. The following prompt command was inserted into the AI-LLM: 'Explain this radiology report to a patient in layman's terms in the second person:[Report Text]'.

Particulated juvenile cartilage allograft for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus is associated with a high complication rate and a high failure rate at short-term follow-up: A systematic review.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes together with the complication rates and failure rates at short-term follow-up following particulated juvenile cartilage allograft (PJCA) for the management of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT).

Methods: During October 2023, the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library databases were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies examining outcomes following PJCA for the management of OLTs. Data regarding study characteristics, patient demographics, lesion characteristics, subjective clinical outcomes, radiological outcomes, complications and failures were extracted and analysed.

Noteworthy Performance of Muscle-Injured Para-Athletes: A Study of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Detected Muscle Injuries at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Paralympic Games.

Background: To the best of our knowledge, no studies have attempted to correlate athletic performance with muscle injuries sustained during Paralympic Games.

Aim: This study reports the incidence, anatomical location, anatomical site classification, and relationship between competition results and anatomical site classification in athletes who participated in the Paralympic Games.

Methods: All magnetic resonance images collected at the International Paralympic Committee polyclinic at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games were reviewed to identify the presence and anatomical site of muscle injuries.

Sex differences in biomechanical properties of the Achilles tendon may predispose men to higher risk of injury: A systematic review.

Importance: Men have a higher risk of Achilles tendon (AT) injury, and the impact of morphological and mechanical sex differences may play a role.

Aim: The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature to determine whether there are sex-specific differences in AT morphological and mechanical properties and analyze how these differences may impact AT injury in both men and women.

Evidence Review: A systematic literature search of articles published between 2001 and 2021, in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was performed during May 2022 according to PRISMA.

Needle Arthroscopic Subchondroplasty With Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Augmentation for the Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus.

Needle arthroscopy has enjoyed a tremendous growth concerning the quality of intraoperative images due to technical innovation, resulting in innovative possibilities concerning concomitant minimally invasive procedures and treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT). These lesions have increasingly been receiving scientific attention in the orthopaedic (sports) medicine field, and, as such, the quality of evidence-based treatment for them has developed substantially. Treatment of OLTs-and specifically subchondroplasty.

Robotic locomotor training in a low-resource setting: a randomized pilot and feasibility trial.

Purpose: Activity-based Training (ABT) represents the current standard of neurological rehabilitation. Robotic Locomotor Training (RLT), an innovative technique, aims to enhance rehabilitation outcomes. This study aimed to conduct a randomized pilot and feasibility trial of a locomotor training program within South Africa.

Needle Arthroscopy for Osteochondral Lesions of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint: A Standardized Approach.

Cartilage and osteochondral lesions of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP-1) joint are characterized by pain during weight bearing and walking. The lesions often require surgical intervention(s). Arthroscopic bone marrow stimulation may be considered the preferred operative intervention for small lesions.

The Frequency and Severity of Complications in Surgical Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 6,962 Lesions.

Objective: The primary aim was to determine and compare the complication rate of different surgical treatment options for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs). The secondary aim was to analyze and compare the severity and types of complications.

Design: A literature search was performed in MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE (Ovid), and the Cochrane Library.

What Is the Efficacy of Intra-articular Injections in the Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review.

Background: Ankle osteoarthritis (OA) is painful and can impact a patient's physical and mental quality of life. Although intra-articular injections are commonly used to alleviate symptoms, there is conflicting evidence concerning their efficacy. Therefore, an updated systematic review would be informative.

Distinct myofibre domains of the human myotendinous junction revealed by single-nucleus RNA sequencing.

The myotendinous junction (MTJ) is a specialized domain of the multinucleated myofibre that is faced with the challenge of maintaining robust cell-matrix contact with the tendon under high mechanical stress and strain. Here, we profiled 24,124 nuclei in semitendinosus muscle-tendon samples from three healthy males by using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), alongside spatial transcriptomics, to gain insight into the genes characterizing this specialization in humans. We identified a cluster of MTJ myonuclei represented by 47 enriched transcripts, of which the presence of ABI3BP, ABLIM1, ADAMTSL1, BICD1, CPM, FHOD3, FRAS1 and FREM2 was confirmed at the MTJ at the protein level in immunofluorescence assays.

Robotic locomotor training for spasticity, pain, and quality of life in individuals with chronic SCI: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The prevention and treatment of secondary complications is a key priority for people with spinal cord injury and a fundamental goal of rehabilitation. Activity-based Training (ABT) and Robotic Locomotor Training (RLT) demonstrate promising results for reducing secondary complications associated with SCI. However, there is a need for increased evidence through randomized controlled trials.

Physical activity promotion in persons with spinal cord injuries: Barriers and facilitators in low-resource communities.

Background: A spinal cord injury is a devastating and life-changing event that presents the affected individual with multiple challenges throughout life. Physical activity can help mitigate some of these challenges; however, in low-resource communities where opportunities for physical activity are scarce, these challenges are often exacerbated and multiple.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators to physical activity, specifically in individuals with spinal cord injuries, in low-resourced communities.

Incidence of (Osteo)Chondral Lesions of the Ankle in Isolated Syndesmotic Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To determine and compare the incidence rate of (osteo)chondral lesions of the ankle in patients with acute and chronic isolated syndesmotic injuries.

Design: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed (MEDLINE) and EMBASE (Ovid) databases from 2000 to September 2021. Two authors independently screened the search results, and risk of bias was assessed using the MINORS (Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies) criteria.

One in Three Patients With Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability Has a Cartilage Lesion.

Background: Chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) is associated with the presence or development of intra-articular pathologies such as chondral or osteochondral lesions, or (O)CLs. Currently, the incidence of (O)CLs in patients with CLAI is unknown.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of (O)CLs in patients with CLAI.

Risk factors associated with acute respiratory illnesses in athletes: a systematic review by a subgroup of the IOC consensus on 'acute respiratory illness in the athlete'.

Objective: To review risk factors associated with acute respiratory illness (ARill) in athletes, including non-infectious ARill and suspected or confirmed acute respiratory infections (ARinf).

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: Electronic databases: PubMed-Medline, EbscoHost and Web of Science.

What are the best diagnostic tests for diagnosing bacterial arthritis of a native joint? : a systematic review of 27 studies.

Aims: This study aimed to answer two questions: what are the best diagnostic methods for diagnosing bacterial arthritis of a native joint?; and what are the most commonly used definitions for bacterial arthritis of a native joint?

Methods: We performed a search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries for relevant studies published between January 1980 and April 2020. Of 3,209 identified studies, we included 27 after full screening. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve, and Youden index of diagnostic tests were extracted from included studies.

Outcomes of Bone Marrow Stimulation for Secondary Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus Equal Outcomes for Primary Lesions.

Objective: To compare clinical, sports, work, and radiological outcomes between primary and secondary osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs; <15 mm) treated with arthroscopic bone marrow stimulation (BMS).

Design: Secondary OLTs were matched to primary OLTs in a 1:2 ratio to assess the primary outcome measure-the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) during activities. Secondary outcomes included the pre- and 1-year postoperative NRS at rest, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score subscales, and the EQ-5D general health questionnaire.

Types and severity of physical impairments of para taekwondo athletes.

Background: Para taekwondo has only recently been added to the Paralympic games scheduled to be held in 2021; however, there is limited research on the classification of the para taekwondo athletes. This study aimed to provide details on the impairments and disabilities of the para taekwondo players. The secondary objective was to investigate the relationship between some of the proposed factors and the athletes' rankings.

Para sport translation of the IOC consensus on recording and reporting of data for injury and illness in sport.

In 2020, the IOC proposed a universal methodology for the recording and reporting of data for injury and illness in sport. Para sport is played by individuals with impairment, and they have a unique set of considerations not captured by these recommendations. Therefore, the aim of this addendum to IOC consensus statement was to guide the Para sport researcher through the complexities and nuances that should be taken into consideration when collecting, registering, reporting and interpreting data regarding Para athlete health.

Nature of Cardiac Rehabilitation Around the Globe.

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a clinically-effective but complex model of care. The purpose of this study was to characterize the nature of CR programs around the world, in relation to guideline recommendations, and compare this by World Health Organization (WHO) region.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a piloted survey was administered online to CR programs globally.