Unhealthy behaviours associated with uncontrolled hypertension among adults in India- Insights from a national survey.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are governed by a cluster of unhealthy behaviours and their determinants, like tobacco and alcohol, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, overweight and obesity, pollution (air, water, and soil), and stress. Regulation of these unhealthy behaviours plays a crucial role in blood pressure control among individuals on hypertensive treatment, especially those suffering from uncontrolled hypertension. Hence, the present study aims at identifying the unhealthy behaviours associated with uncontrolled hypertension.

Field-scale detection of Bacterial Leaf Blight in rice based on UAV multispectral imaging and deep learning frameworks.

Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) usually attacks rice in the flowering stage and can cause yield losses of up to 50% in severely infected fields. The resulting yield losses severely impact farmers, necessitating compensation from the regulatory authorities. This study introduces a new pipeline specifically designed for detecting BLB in rice fields using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery.

Creating chromaticity palettes and identifying white light emitters through nanocrystal megalibraries.

Halide perovskites are used to fabricate energy-efficient optoelectronic devices. Determining which compositions yield desired chromatic responses is challenging, especially when doping strategies are used. Here, we report a way of mapping the compositional space of halide perovskites to generate a light emission or "chromaticity" palette.

Surface Modification of 3D Biomimetic Shark Denticle Structures for Drag Reduction.

Shark skin features superhydrophilic and riblet-textured denticles that provide drag reduction, antifouling, and mechanical protection. The artificial riblet structures exhibit drag reduction capabilities in turbulent flow. However, the effects of the surface wettability of shark denticles and the cavity region underneath the denticle crown on drag reduction remain insufficiently explored.

Discrepancies between subjective and objective sleep assessments revealed by in-home electroencephalography during real-world sleep.

Sleep insufficiency and sleep disorders pose serious health challenges. This study aimed to determine the potential discrepancy between subjective and objective sleep assessments, including the latter made by physicians, by analyzing a 421-participant dataset in Japan comprising multiple nights of in-home sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) data and questionnaire responses on sleep habits or subjective experiences. We employed logistic regression models to examine which subjective and objective sleep parameters physicians are paying attention to when assessing sleep insufficiency, insomnia, sleep quality, and sleep apnea.

Emergence of Chirality in an Optically Active Two-Dimensional Crystal with a Spiral Surface Pattern.

Some one-dimensional (1D) crystals containing a screw dislocation along their longer axis exhibit a helical twist due to lattice strain. These chiral structures have been thoroughly investigated by using transmission electron microscopy. However, whether two-dimensional (2D) crystals with a spiral surface pattern, presumably containing a screw dislocation, are structurally chiral remains unclear because their internal structures are not visible.

Can ecosystem services supply match local residents' perception: Linking macro-ESs and micro-individual perceptions in the Yellow River Basin.

Residents' satisfaction perceptions of ecosystem services (ESs) are essential for the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin (YRB). Existing studies lacks large-scale survey of local residents' satisfaction perception at urban scale within river basins, and has not effectively explored the matching relationship between the ESs supply and the perceptions of local residents. To address this gap, this study develops a database on nine ESs supply and individual perceptions of the YRB, constructs a comprehensive framework to quantify the matching of ESs supply and local residents' satisfaction perceptions, and proposes targeted strategy.

Patterns and trends in burden of asthma and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021 among south Asian countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Objective: Asthma poses a significant health burden in South Asia, with increasing incidence and mortality despite a global decline in age-standardized prevalence rates. This study aims to analyze asthma trends from 1990 to 2021, focusing on prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across South Asia. The study also assesses the impact of risk factors like high body mass index (BMI), smoking, and occupational exposures on asthma outcomes.

Can the prevalence of one STI serve as a predictor for another? A mathematical modeling analysis.

We aimed to understand to what extent knowledge of the prevalence of one sexually transmitted infection (STI) can predict the prevalence of another STI, with application for men who have sex with men (MSM). An individual-based simulation model was used to study the concurrent transmission of HIV, HSV-2, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis in MSM sexual networks. Using the model outputs, 15 multiple linear regression models were conducted for each STI prevalence, treating the prevalence of each as the dependent variable and the prevalences of up to four other STIs as independent variables in various combinations.

Emerging Trends and Future Opportunities for Battery Recycling.

The global lithium-ion battery recycling capacity needs to increase by a factor of 50 in the next decade to meet the projected adoption of electric vehicles. During this expansion of recycling capacity, it is unclear which technologies are most appropriate to reduce costs and environmental impacts. Here, we describe the current and future recycling capacity situation and summarize methods for quantifying costs and environmental impacts of battery recycling methods with a focus on cathode active materials.

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and tick-borne diseases in Cameroon: Current understanding and future directions for more comprehensive surveillance.

Despite the high burden of human and animal infectious diseases in Cameroon, implementing integrative approaches to managing and controlling arthropods and their pathogens remains challenging. Surveillance should be designed to detect diseases and provide relevant field-based data for developing and implementing effective control measures to prevent outbreaks before significant public and animal health consequences can occur. Nowadays, ticks are considered the primary vectors of animal diseases in the world, and the second vector of human diseases after mosquitoes.

Methane emissions from the Nord Stream subsea pipeline leaks.

The amount of methane released to the atmosphere from the Nord Stream subsea pipeline leaks remains uncertain, as reflected in a wide range of estimates. A lack of information regarding the temporal variation in atmospheric emissions has made it challenging to reconcile pipeline volumetric (bottom-up) estimates with measurement-based (top-down) estimates. Here we simulate pipeline rupture emission rates and integrate these with methane dissolution and sea-surface outgassing estimates to model the evolution of atmospheric emissions from the leaks.

Dorsal raphe nucleus receives retinal projections of morphologically distinct fibers in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): A subunit B cholera labeling.

Non-image forming (NIF) pathways, a specialized branch of retinal circuitry, play a crucial role supporting physiological and behavioral processes, including circadian rhythmicity. Among the NIF regions, the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), a midbrain serotonergic cluster of neurons, is also devoted to circadian functions. Despite indirectly send photic inputs to circadian centers and modulating their activities, little is known about the organization of retina-DRN circuits in primate species.

Biosynthetic small molecule antigens mimics medicated lateral flow immunoassay for mycotoxin Fumonisin B using nanobody fusion proteins.

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFAs) are widely used in point-of-care testing (POCT) for detecting small molecules. However, their application is often hindered by the complex synthesis of traditional chemically synthesized antigens. Nanobody-based coating antigen mimics have shown excellent analytical performance in various immunoassay platforms, but their application in LFAs still faces challenges.

Central amygdala NPBWR1 neurons facilitate social novelty seeking and new social interactions.

The formation of new social interactions is vital for social animals, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. We identified CeA neurons, a population in central amygdala expressing neuropeptide B/W receptor-1 (NPBWR1), that play a critical role in these interactions. CeA neurons were activated during encounters with unfamiliar, but not with familiar, mice.

Exploring musculoskeletal disorders in end-stage kidney disease: a systematic review.

Introduction: This study focuses on the association between musculoskeletal disorders and chronic kidney disease (CKD), specifically end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Its primary objective is to explore the spectrum of musculoskeletal disorders and to identify their prevalence rates and symptoms within diverse CKD subpopulations.

Materials And Methods: The screening process yielded 13 studies conducted in various countries and regions.

DNA Dendron Tagging as a Universal Way to Deliver Proteins to Cells.

The use of proteins as intracellular probes and therapeutic tools is often limited by poor intracellular delivery. One approach to enabling intracellular protein delivery is to transform proteins into spherical nucleic acid (proSNA) nanoconstructs, with surfaces chemically modified with a dense shell of radially oriented DNA that can engage with cell-surface receptors that facilitate endocytosis. However, proteins often have a limited number of available reactive surface residues for DNA conjugation such that the extent of DNA loading and cellular uptake is restricted.

INDEPSO-ISPSM consensus on peritoneal malignancies - Enhanced recovery after surgery in cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with/without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Background: The role of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in cytoreductive surgery and/or Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy HIPEC) is evolving, with promising results that improve patient outcomes. This consensus exercise was carried out to address and standardize components of the ERAS protocol pertinent to the Indian context.

Method: The modified Delphi method was employed with two rounds of voting.

A randomized clinical trial comparing retention of complete dentures and oral health quality of life of patients with conventional and bioelectric impressions.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the retention of complete dentures and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with conventional and bioelectric impressions or transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS).

Materials And Methods: A total of thirty (n = 30) completely edentulous patients were randomly distributed into two groups: Group-C (n = 15) (Conventional) and Group-T (n = 15) (bioelectric). In Group C, border molding was performed using the manual manipulation of borders, and the final impression was made using zinc-oxide eugenol.

Recent advances in nanoporous organic polymers (NPOPs) for hydrogen storage applications.

Nanoporous organic polymers (NPOPs) have emerged as versatile materials with robust thermal stability, large surface area (up to 2500 m g), and customizable porosity, making them ideal candidates for advanced hydrogen (H) storage applications. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of various NPOPs, including covalent organic frameworks (COFs), hypercrosslinked polymers (HCLPs), conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), and porous aromatic frameworks (POAFs). Notably, these materials demonstrate superior H storage capacities, achieving up to 10 wt% at cryogenic temperatures, which is essential for applying H as a clean energy carrier.

Genome-wide identification and functional roles relating to anthocyanin biosynthesis analysis in maize.

Background: Anthocyanin is an important class of water-soluble pigments that are widely distributed in various tissues of plants, and it not only facilitates diverse color changes but also plays important roles in various biological processes. Maize silk, serving as an important reproductive organ and displaying a diverse range of colors, plays an indispensable role in biotic resistance through its possession of anthocyanin. However, the copy numbers, characteristics, and expression patterns of genes involved in maize anthocyanin biosynthesis are not fully understood.

Governance and resilience as entry points for transforming food systems in the countdown to 2030.

Due to complex interactions, changes in any one area of food systems are likely to impact-and possibly depend on-changes in other areas. Here we present the first annual monitoring update of the indicator framework proposed by the Food Systems Countdown Initiative, with new qualitative analysis elucidating interactions across indicators. Since 2000, we find that 20 of 42 indicators with time series have been trending in a desirable direction, indicating modest positive change.

Identification of USP2 as a novel target to induce degradation of KRAS in myeloma cells.

Inducing the degradation of KRAS represents a novel strategy to combat cancers with KRAS mutation. In this study, we identify ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) as a novel deubiquitinating enzyme of KRAS in multiple myeloma (MM). Specifically, we demonstrate that gambogic acid (GA) forms a covalent bond with the cysteine 284 residue of USP2 through an allosteric pocket, inhibiting its deubiquitinating activity.