Optimization of process parameters of catalytic pyrolysis using natural zeolite and synthetic zeolites on yield of plastic oil through response surface methodology.

This study aims to reach a sustainable solution for waste management of medical plastics through value-added product extraction. It uses the DOE technique to examine the effect of natural zeolite and synthetic AlO and SiO as catalysts. A small lab-scale pyrolysis setup was used for medical plastic waste management treatment.

DNA Duplex Containing Ag-Mediated Cytosine-Cytosine Base Pairs as a Catalyst Precursor for the 4-Nitrophenol Reduction with NaBH.

Catalytic applications of DNA duplexes containing Ag-mediated cytosine-cytosine base pairs (C-Ag-C) have not been well investigated. In this study, we demonstrate a novel approach for forming highly active DNA-capped Ag nanoparticle (DNA-AgNP) catalysts for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) using sodium borohydride (NaBH). This approach is based on the generation of DNA-AgNPs from DNA duplexes containing C-Ag-C (DNA duplex-Ag).

Mitochondrial ATP synthesis is essential for efficient gametogenesis in Plasmodium falciparum.

Plasmodium male and female gametocytes are the gatekeepers of human-to-mosquito transmission, therefore essential for propagation of malaria within a population. Whilst dormant in humans, their divergent roles during transmission become apparent soon after mosquito feeding with a rapid transformation into gametes - males forming eight motile sperm-like cells aiming to fertilise a single female gamete. Little is known about how the parasite fuels this abrupt change, and the potential role played by their large and elaborate cristate mitochondrion.

Illuminating bioprocess responses to metal-based nanoparticles addition along hydrogen and methane production pathways: A review.

Recent research has discussed the positive impacts of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) on bioprocesses producing either hydrogen (H) or methane (CH). The enhancement has been explained by mechanisms such as direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET), metal corrosion, and dissimilatory reduction. Such interactions could induce further benefits, such as controlling oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), mitigating toxicants, promoting enzymatic activity, and altering the microbiome, which have not yet been comprehensively discussed.

One-Step Esterification of Phosphoric, Phosphonic and Phosphinic Acids with Organosilicates: Phosphorus Chemical Recycling of Sewage Waste.

Global concerns regarding the depletion and strategic importance of phosphorus resources have increased demand for the recovery and recycling. However, waste-derived phosphorus compounds, primarily as chemically inert phosphoric acid or its salts, present a challenge to their direct conversion into high-value chemicals. We aimed to develop an innovative technology that utilizes the large quantities of sewage waste, bypasses the use of white phosphorus, and enables esterification of phosphoric acid to produce widely applicable phosphate triesters.

Elucidating the spatiotemporal dynamics of glucose metabolism with genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors.

Glucose metabolism has been well understood for many years, but some intriguing questions remain regarding the subcellular distribution, transport, and functions of glycolytic metabolites. To address these issues, a living cell metabolic monitoring technology with high spatiotemporal resolution is needed. Genetically encoded fluorescent sensors can achieve specific, sensitive, and spatiotemporally resolved metabolic monitoring in living cells and in vivo, and dozens of glucose metabolite sensors have been developed recently.

TC-Sniffer: A Transformer-CNN Bibranch Framework Leveraging Auxiliary VOCs for Few-Shot UBC Diagnosis via Electronic Noses.

Utilizing electronic noses (e-noses) with pattern recognition algorithms offers a promising noninvasive method for the early detection of urinary bladder cancer (UBC). However, limited clinical samples often hinder existing artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted diagnosis. This paper proposes TC-Sniffer, a novel bibranch framework for few-shot UBC diagnosis, leveraging easily obtainable UBC-related volatile organic components (VOCs) as auxiliary classification categories.

Multiomics dissection of Brassica napus L. lateral roots and endophytes interactions under phosphorus starvation.

Many plants associate with endophytic microbes that improve root phosphorus (P) uptake. Understanding the interactions between roots and endophytes can enable efforts to improve P utilization. Here, we characterize the interactions between lateral roots of endophytes in a core collection of 50 rapeseed (Brassica napus L.

The molecular and histopathological investigations of TLR2 rs5743708 and TLR4 (rs4986790 and rs4986791) polymorphisms effects on cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a zoonotic and neglected disease, is prevalent in numerous regions, particularly in tropical and sub-tropical countries. In Iran, endemic foci of leishmaniasis exist in specific regions, with zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) caused by Leishmania major being common in most rural areas. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immunities, and the investigation of TLR2 rs5743708 and TLR4 (rs4986790 and rs4986791) polymorphisms in parasitic diseases can have significant implications for patient treatment.

Integrated cerebellar radiomic-network model for predicting mild cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Pathological and neuroimaging alterations in the cerebellum of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have been documented. However, the role of cerebellum-derived radiomic and structural connectome modeling in the prediction of AD progression remains unclear.

Methods: Radiomic features were extracted from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset (n = 1319) and an in-house dataset (n = 308).

Molecular level insights on the pulsed electrochemical CO reduction.

Electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) occurring at the electrode/electrolyte interface is sensitive to both the potential and concentration polarization. Compared to static electrolysis at a fixed potential, pulsed electrolysis with alternating anodic and cathodic potentials is an intriguing approach that not only reconstructs the surface structure, but also regulates the local pH and mass transport from the electrolyte side in the immediate vicinity of the cathode. Herein, via a combined online mass spectrometry investigation with sub-second temporal resolution and 1-dimensional diffusion profile simulations, we reveal that heightened surface CO concentration promotes CORR over H evolution for both polycrystalline Ag and Cu electrodes after anodic pulses.

Contribution of piezoelectric effect on piezo-phototronic coupling in ferroelectrics: A theory assisted experimental approach on NBT.

A new study explores the distinct roles of spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric polarization in piezo-phototronic coupling. This investigation focuses on differences in photocatalytic and piezo-photocatalytic performance using sodium bismuth titanate, a key ferroelectric material. The research aims to identify which type of polarization has a greater influence on piezo-phototronic effects.

CRISPR-AsCas12f1 couples out-of-protospacer DNA unwinding with exonuclease activity in the sequential target cleavage.

Type V-F CRISPR-Cas12f is a group of hypercompact RNA-guided nucleases that present a versatile in vivo delivery platform for gene therapy. Upon target recognition, Acidibacillus sulfuroxidans Cas12f (AsCas12f1) distinctively engenders three DNA break sites, two of which are located outside the protospacer. Combining ensemble and single-molecule approaches, we elucidate the molecular details underlying AsCas12f1-mediated DNA cleavages.

Corrigendum: Stimulation of hair regrowth in an animal model of androgenic alopecia using 2-deoxy-D-ribose.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.

Emerging roles of palmitoylation in pyroptosis.

Pyroptosis is a lytic, proinflammatory type of programmed cell death crucial for the immune response to pathogen infections and internal danger signals. Gasdermin D (GSDMD) acts as the pore-forming protein in pyroptosis following inflammasome activation. While recent research has improved our understanding of pyroptosis activation and execution, many aspects regarding the molecular mechanisms controlling inflammasome and GSDMD activation remain to be elucidated.

A Comprehensive Review on the Tribological Evaluation of Polyether Ether Ketone Pristine and Composite Coatings.

Polymer coatings have gained a lot of attention in the recent past because of their ability to be easily coated on complex shapes, their low cost, and their ability to reduce friction as compared to other materials. Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is one such high-performance polymer that has gained significant attention in recent years due to its exceptional mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and thermal stability making it a prominent candidate for applications in industries. However, PEEK in its pristine form exhibits poor wear resistance with a moderate coefficient of friction (0.

Edge Computing for AI-Based Brain MRI Applications: A Critical Evaluation of Real-Time Classification and Segmentation.

Medical imaging plays a pivotal role in diagnostic medicine with technologies like Magnetic Resonance Imagining (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and ultrasound scans being widely used to assist radiologists and medical experts in reaching concrete diagnosis. Given the recent massive uplift in the storage and processing capabilities of computers, and the publicly available big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has also started contributing to improving diagnostic radiology. Edge computing devices and handheld gadgets can serve as useful tools to process medical data in remote areas with limited network and computational resources.

Sense of Community in the context of disease prevention and health promotion: A scoping review of the literature.

Background: The centrality of community engagement in disease prevention and health promotion interventions highlights the need to understand the contextual factors that shape participation. Sense of Community (SoC), characterized by feelings of belonging, connection, and interdependence among members of a community, has emerged as a key component of community capacity and is therefore expected to influence engagement outcomes. However, empirical evidence is needed to assess its actual impact on community engagement.

Enantioselective Propargylic C(sp)-H Acyloxylation Enabled by Photoexcited Copper Catalysis.

Direct C-H bond functionalization is an efficient method for modifying organic molecules. However, achieving high enantioselectivity and regioselectivity in asymmetric C-H functionalization, particularly of C(sp)-H bonds, remains challenging. This study introduces an enantioselective propargylic C(sp)-H acyloxylation using photoexcited copper catalysis.

Catalytic Concerted SAr Reactions of Fluoroarenes by an Organic Superbase.

We herein propose that the catalytic concerted SAr reaction is a powerful method to prepare functionalized aromatic scaffolds. Classic stepwise SAr reactions involving addition/elimination processes require the use of electron-deficient aromatic halides to stabilize Meisenheimer intermediates, despite their widespread use in medicinal chemistry research. Recent efforts have been made to develop concerted SAr reactions involving a single transition state, allowing the use of electron-rich substrates based on the use of stoichiometric amounts of strong bases or reactive nucleophiles.

Impact of single-nucleotide variants and individual characteristics on adverse events of L-asparaginase in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Introduction: L-Asparaginase (L-Asp) is a key drug in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); however, it is commonly associated with the occurrence of adverse events (AE). Risk factors such as age, sex, nutritional status, and some single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in specific genes could be related to hypersensitivity reactions to L-Asp. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of individual characteristics and three SNVs in the and genes on the occurrence of the most significant adverse events caused by the use of L-Asp in Mexican children with ALL.

Technologies for detecting and monitoring drivers' states: A systematic review.

Driver fatigue or drowsiness detection techniques can significantly enhance road safety measures and reduce traffic accidents. These approaches used different sensor technologies to acquire the human physiological and behavioral characteristics to investigate the driver's vigilance state. Although the driver's vigilance detection technique has attracted significant interest recently, few studies have been conducted to review it systematically.

Spermidine mediates acetylhypusination of RIPK1 to suppress diabetes onset and progression.

It has been established that N-acetyltransferase (murine NAT1 (mNAT1) and human NAT2 (hNAT2)) mediates insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. Here we show that mNAT1 deficiency leads to a decrease in cellular spermidine-a natural polyamine exhibiting health-protective and anti-ageing effects-but understanding of its mechanism is limited. We identify that mNAT1 and hNAT2 modulate a type of post-translational modification involving acetylated spermidine, which we name acetylhypusination, on receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)-a key regulator of inflammation and cell death.