A sustainable bioprocess technology for producing food-flavour (+)-γ-decalactone from castor oil-derived ricinoleic acid using enzymatic activity of Candida parapsilosis: Scale-up optimization and purification using novel composite.

Ricinoleic acid (RA) from castor oil was employed in biotransformation of peach-flavoured γ-decalactone (GDL), using a Candida parapsilosis strain (MTCC13027) which was isolated from waste of pineapple crown base. Using four variables-pH, cell density, amount of RA, and temperature-the biotransformation parameters were optimized using RSM and BBD. Under optimized conditions (pH 6, 10 % of microbial cells, 10 g/L RA at 28°C), the conversion was maximum and resulted to 80 % (+)-GDL (4.

A novel post-1950 CE atmospheric C record for the tropics using absolutely dated tree rings in the equatorial Amazon.

In this study, we present a comprehensive atmospheric radiocarbon (C) record spanning from 1940 to 2016, derived from 77 single tree rings of Cedrela odorata located in the Eastern Amazon Basin (EAB). This record, comprising 175 high-precision C measurements obtained through accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), offers a detailed chronology of post-1950 CE (Common Era) C fluctuations in the Tropical Low-Pressure Belt (TLPB). To ensure accuracy and reliability, we included C-AMS results from intra-annual successive cuts of the tree rings associated to the calendar years 1962 and 1963 and conducted interlaboratory comparisons.

Radiocarbon (C) accelerator mass spectrometry as a convenient tool for differentiation of flavor chemicals of synthetic origin from biobased sources and their in-vivo toxicity assessment.

Plants are known to be the natural factory for the production of flavor chemicals. Essential oils comprised of aldehyde as a functional group are potent in deciphering flavor effects in beverages and fresh and prepared food products. In the majority, these are manufactured through synthetic routes, resulting in high product carbon footprints or CO equivalents in total greenhouse gas emission.

The potential of radiocarbon analysis for the detection of art forgeries.

Art objects form an essential part of cultural heritage and are appreciated for their artistic values. However, the observed investment in art and capacity for high monetary returns encourages counterfeiting of art objects. The art market's lack of transparency and traditional confidential protocols amplifies the problem.

Application of synthetic benzoic acid technology in environmental radiocarbon monitoring.

Environmental radiocarbon (C) monitoring is gaining importance in China due to the recent rapid development of the nuclear industry. In this study, synthetic benzoic acid samples with the fingerprint of environmental C were generated by using the synthesis method, and the specific activity of C was determined using the liquid scintillation counting (LSC) method. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analysis was performed in chemical properties test and results showed that the mean assay and yield of synthetic benzoic acid were 91.

Radiocarbon measurements using new automated graphite preparation laboratory coupled with stable isotope mass-spectrometry at Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow (India).

Conventional beta counting technique based radiocarbon dating facility at Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences- Lucknow was established in 1974 (Rajagopalan,1978). In 2017-18, BSIP received an upgrade with installation of an Automated Graphitization Equipment (AGE) coupled with an Elemental Analyser, a Carbonate Handling System (CHS) along with an in-line stable isotope mass-spectrometer (IRMS). Using this combo, stable Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N) and Sulfur (S) isotopic measurements could be carried out in both organic and inorganic type samples followed by graphite preparation (~1 mg) for C measurement by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS).

Tsunami records of the last 8000 years in the Andaman Island, India, from mega and large earthquakes: Insights on recurrence interval.

As many as seven tsunamis from the past 8000 years are evidenced by sand sheets that rest on buried wetland soils at Badabalu, southern Andaman Island, along northern part of the fault rupture of the giant 2004 Aceh-Andaman earthquake. The uppermost of these deposits represents the 2004 tsunami. Underlying deposits likely correspond to historical tsunamis of 1881, 1762, and 1679 CE, and provide evidence for prehistoric tsunamis in 1300-1400 CE, in 2000-3000 and 3020-1780 BCE, and before 5600-5300 BCE.

Mechanical parameters as predictors of performance in alpine World Cup slalom racing.

The aims of the present study were to develop a method for classifying slalom skiing performance and to examine differences in mechanical parameters. Eighteen elite skiers were recorded with three-dimensional kinematical measurements and thereafter divided into a higher (HP) and lower performance group, using the ratio between the difference in mechanical energy divided by the mass of the skier and section entrance velocity (Δe(mech)/v(in)). Moreover, the skiers' velocity (v), acceleration (a), center of mass turn radii (R(CM)) and skis' turn radii (R(AMS)), ground reaction forces (GRF) and differential specific mechanical energy [diff(e(mech))] were calculated.