A new technique for measurement of subrotational lifetime of molecular ions.

Singly and multiply charged molecular ions are found in diverse environments and hold relevance for a wide range of research areas like combustion chemistry, accelerator physics, atmospheric sciences, plasma physics, astrophysics etc. Molecular dications are of special significance as they can be generated and studied comparatively easily in laboratory experiments. And they have enabled exploration of new and exciting phenomenon such as hydrogen migration, inter-atomic Coulombic decay, plasmonic excitations, orbital tomography etc.

Structural, magnetic and dielectric properties in 3-5based SrFeIrOthin films.

The structural, magnetic and dielectric properties have been investigated in 3-5based double perovskite SrFeIrOthin films deposited by pulse laser deposition technique. To understand the effect of strain, epitaxial films are grown with varying thickness as well as on different substrates i.e.

Ion beam modified TiO nanotubular bio-interface for electrochemical detection of L-tyrosine towards smart bandage application.

One of the common complications diagnosed in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients is Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs). It is a condition wherein the deep tissues located in the lower limb undergo inflammation and infection due to neurological abnormalities (neuropathy) and various degrees of vascular diseases (angiopathy). The concentration of l-tyrosine (Tyr) rises abruptly in DFUs, and therefore may be used as an indicator for early monitoring of the patient's condition during the onset of diabetic foot disease.

Fabrication of Conducting Nanochannels Using Accelerator for Fuel Cell Membrane and Removal of Radionuclides: Role of Nanoparticles.

Latent tracks in pure polymer and its nanohybrid are fabricated by irradiating with swift heavy ions (SHI) (Ag) having 140 MeV energy followed by selective chemical etching of the amorphous path, caused by the irradiation of SHI, to generate nanochannels of size ∼80 nm. Grafting is done within the nanochannels utilizing free radicals generated from the interaction of high-energy ions, followed by tagging of ionic species to make the nanochannels highly ion-conducting. The uniform dispersion of two-dimensional nanoparticles better controls the size and number density of the nanochannels and, thereby, converts them into an effective membrane.

Medium Energy Carbon and Nitrogen Ion Beam Induced Modifications in Charge Transport, Structural and Optical Properties of Ni/Pd/n-GaN Schottky Barrier Diodes.

The irradiation effects of carbon and nitrogen medium energy ions (MEI) on charge transport, structural and optical properties of Ni/Pd/n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes are reported. The devices are exposed to 600 keV C and 650 keV N ions in the fluence range of 1 × 10 to 1 × 10 ions cm. The SRIM/TRIM simulations provide quantitative estimations of damage created along the trajectories of ion beams in the device profile.

Luminescence properties of tricalcium phosphate doped with dysprosium.

Tricalcium phosphate having effective atomic number Z = 15.785, equivalent to that of bones was studied for its thermoluminescence (TL) and photoluminescence (PL) properties. Different samples with varied concentrations of the dopant Dy (0.

Nitrogen Incorporated Photoactive Brownmillerite CaFeO for Energy and Environmental Applications.

CaFeO (CFO) is a potentially viable material for alternate energy applications. Incorporation of nitrogen in CaFeO (CFO-N) lattice modifies the optical and electronic properties to its advantage. Here, the electronic band structures of CFO and CFO-N were probed using Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and UV-Visible spectroscopy.

Radiocarbon measurements using new automated graphite preparation laboratory coupled with stable isotope mass-spectrometry at Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow (India).

Conventional beta counting technique based radiocarbon dating facility at Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences- Lucknow was established in 1974 (Rajagopalan,1978). In 2017-18, BSIP received an upgrade with installation of an Automated Graphitization Equipment (AGE) coupled with an Elemental Analyser, a Carbonate Handling System (CHS) along with an in-line stable isotope mass-spectrometer (IRMS). Using this combo, stable Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N) and Sulfur (S) isotopic measurements could be carried out in both organic and inorganic type samples followed by graphite preparation (~1 mg) for C measurement by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS).

An assessment on crystallization phenomena of Si in Al/a-Si thin films thermal annealing and ion irradiation.

In the present study, crystallization of amorphous-Si (a-Si) in Al/a-Si bilayer thin films under thermal annealing and ion irradiation has been investigated for future solar energy materials applications. In particular, the effect of thickness ratio ( in Al : a-Si, the ratio of the Al and a-Si layer thickness) and temperature during irradiation on crystallization of the Si films has been explored for the first time. Two sets of samples with thickness ratio 1 : 1 (set-A: 50 nm Al/50 nm a-Si) and thickness ratio 1 : 3 (set-B: 50 nm Al/150 nm a-Si) have been prepared on thermally oxidized Si-substrates.

Effect of γ-irradiation on thermal and thermoluminescence properties of polystyrene/europium (III) oxide composite film.

In the present study, polystyrene:europium (III) oxide polymer films at a ratio of 95:5 wt% were prepared using a solution casting technique. These polymeric films were irradiated with 5, 25 and 50 kGy γ-radiation doses and their thermoluminescence (TL) and thermal properties were studied as a function of radiation dose. Analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed different modes of vibration and polymer-filler interaction.

Orbital hybridization-induced band offset phenomena in NiCdO thin films.

Herein, we present the cationic impurity-assisted band offset phenomena in NixCd1-xO (x = 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.

Tsunami records of the last 8000 years in the Andaman Island, India, from mega and large earthquakes: Insights on recurrence interval.

As many as seven tsunamis from the past 8000 years are evidenced by sand sheets that rest on buried wetland soils at Badabalu, southern Andaman Island, along northern part of the fault rupture of the giant 2004 Aceh-Andaman earthquake. The uppermost of these deposits represents the 2004 tsunami. Underlying deposits likely correspond to historical tsunamis of 1881, 1762, and 1679 CE, and provide evidence for prehistoric tsunamis in 1300-1400 CE, in 2000-3000 and 3020-1780 BCE, and before 5600-5300 BCE.

Single-pass non-destructive electronic detection of charged particles.

We have devised an experimental method and apparatus for the simultaneous nondestructive determination of the absolute ion number, ion kinetic energy, and length of bunches of charged particles. We have built and operated a corresponding electronic detector that is based on induced charges and their subsequent low-noise amplification at cryogenic temperatures. We have performed measurements with bunches of low-energy highly charged ions from an electron-beam ion source that show the capability of the methods and their implementation.

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Studies on Pd/C Nano-Composite System: Effect of Metal Concentration and Annealing Temperature.

The effects of metal concentration and annealing temperature on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties of the Pd nanoparticles (NP) dispersed in carbon were investigated. The Pd/C nano-composite thin films with 7 to 39 atomic % concentration of metal content were deposited using the atom beam co-sputtering techniques and subjected to annealing at temperature varying from 300 °C to 600 °C. The UV-vis spectroscopy studies on as-prepared films displayed a Mie scattering profile, but not well-defined LSPR bands were observed for all the values of Pd concentration.

Effect of Fe ion implantation on the thermoelectric properties and electronic structures of CoSb thin films.

In the present study, thin films of single-phase CoSb were deposited onto Si(100) substrates pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method using a polycrystalline target of CoSb. These films were implanted by 120 keV Fe-ions with three different fluences: 1 × 10, 2.5 × 10 and 5 × 10 ions per cm.

Tuning the Electrical and Thermoelectric Properties of N Ion Implanted SrTiO Thin Films and Their Conduction Mechanisms.

The SrTiO thin films were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. Subsequently ion implantation with 60 keV N ions at two different fluences 1 × 10 and 5 × 10 ions/cm and followed by annealing was carried out. Thin films were then characterized for electronic structure, morphology and transport properties.

Tuning of the Thermoelectric Properties of BiTe Nanorods Using Helium Ion Irradiation.

The present study reports an enhancement of the power factor of BiTe nanorods NRs) by helium (He) ion irradiation. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies revealed the formation of amorphous layers on the surface of the NRs at the high ion fluence. This amorphous nature is due to the accumulation of migrating point defect clusters at the surface of the NRs.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide immobilized tungsten trioxide nanoparticles for simultaneous sensing of norepinephrine, melatonin and nicotine.

Herein, we report the anionic surfactant, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), mediated synthesis of WO nanoparticles and its subsequent modification through gamma irradiation (GI) and electrochemical immobilization with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with GI-WO NPs and the enzyme NAD exhibited strong electro-oxidation of three important biomolecules such as norepinephrine (NEP), melatonin (MEL) and nicotine (NIC) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at physiological pH of 7.

Reduction of metastatic potential by inhibiting EGFR/Akt/p38/ERK signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition after carbon ion exposure is potentiated by PARP-1 inhibition in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: Carbon ion (C) radiotherapy is becoming very promising to kill highly metastatic cancer cells keeping adjacent normal cells least affected. Our previous study shows that combined PARP-1 inhibition with C ion reduces MMP-2,-9 synergistically in HeLa cells but detailed mechanism are not clear. To understand this mechanism and the rationale of using PARP-1 inhibitor with C ion radiotherapy for better outcome in controlling metastasis, we investigated metastatic potential in two non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 and H1299 (p53-deficient) cells exposed with C ion in presence and absence of PARP-1 inhibition using siRNA or olaparib.

Voltammetric measurements of neurotransmitter-acetylcholine through metallic nanoparticles embedded 2-D material.

The most generally spread neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Ach) is used as a chemical messenger assisting in conveying signals transversely through the nerve synapse. Herein, two enzymes acetylcholinesterase and choline oxidase were covalently immobilized over the gold nanoparticles (Au) embedded graphene oxide (GO; 2D carbon material) nanocomposite modified ITO coated glass plate. The synergetic and unique properties of Au and GO present in nanocomposite are used to detect the ultra-small concentration of analyte, Ach.

High temperature-mediated rocksalt to wurtzite phase transformation in cadmium oxide nanosheets and its theoretical evidence.

Herein, a high temperature-induced phase transformation (PT) in chemically grown CdO thin films is demonstrated, and its corresponding electronic origin further investigated by density functional theory. In particular, the cubic rocksalt to hexagonal wurtzite PT in the CdO thin film annealed at 900 °C was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which was consistent with the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results. Moreover, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy clearly evidenced the morphological evolution via the formation of a nanosheet network in the wurtzite-phase CdO film.

Assessing a thermal spike model of swift heavy ion-matter interactions via PdNi/Si interface mixing.

The thermal spike model (TSM), a widely accepted mechanism of swift heavy ion (SHI)-matter interactions, provides explanation for various SHI induced effects, including mixing across interfaces. We assess the validity of the model via tuning the electron-phonon coupling strength (G) by taking a series PdNi of a completely solid soluble binary, and then observing PdNi/Si interface mixing induced by a combination of 100 MeV Au ion irradiation and 4 keV Ar ion sputtering. If the TSM truly describes the SHI-matter interaction mechanism, any non-linearity in x-variation of G must also result in a similar non-linearity in the x-dependence of mixing.

Simulated space radiation: Investigating ionizing radiation effects on the stability of amlodipine besylate API and tablets.

Efficacious pharmaceuticals with the adequate shelf life are essential for the well-being of the space explorers and successful completion of a space mission. Space is brimming with different types of radiations, which penetrate inside the spacecraft despite the shielding material. Such radiations can alter the stability of the pharmaceuticals during long duration space missions.

Influence of defect structure on colour tunability and magneto optical behaviour of WO nanoforms.

The present study reports the impact of thermal annealing on the structural, optical and magnetic properties of WO nanostructures, synthesized using an acid precipitation method by, employing various spectroscopic and magnetic measurements. The X-ray diffraction and Raman measurements confirmed the orthorhombic structure of as dried WO·HO and monoclinic structure of WO nanopowders annealed at or above 500 °C. The morphological characterization shows the formation of different microstructures like nanosheets, nanoplatelets and nanocuboids in the micro-scale with the variation of annealing temperatures.

Fabrication of plasmonic dye-sensitized solar cells using ion-implanted photoanodes.

Plasmonic dye-sensitized solar cells containing metal nanoparticles suffer from stability issues due to their miscibility with liquid iodine-based electrolytes. To resolve the stability issue, herein, an ion implantation technique was explored to implant metal nanoparticles inside TiO, which protected these nanoparticles with a thin coverage of TiO melt and maintained the localized surface plasmon resonance oscillations of the metal nanoparticles to efficiently enhance their light absorption and make them corrosion resistant. Herein, Au nanoparticles were implanted into the TiO matrix up to the penetration depth of 22 nm, and their influence on the structural and optical properties of TiO was studied.