Serum and Urine Metabolomic Profiling of Newly Diagnosed Treatment-Naïve Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.

Background And Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a prevalent chronic noncurable disease associated with profound metabolic changes. The discovery of novel molecular indicators for unraveling IBD etiopathogenesis and the diagnosis and prognosis of IBD is therefore pivotal. We sought to determine the distinctive metabolic signatures from the different IBD subgroups before treatment initiation.

Mitochondria rescue cells from ischemic injury.

Activation of a G protein-coupled receptor prevents cardiomyocyte death during ischemia.

Clinical outcomes in spontaneous coronary artery dissection.

Objective: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an infrequent cause of acute coronary syndrome. Our aim was to assess adverse events at follow-up from a nationwide prospective cohort.

Methods: The Spanish Registry on SCAD (SR-SCAD) included patients from 34 hospitals.

Combination of Prehospital NT-proBNP with qSOFA and NEWS to Predict Sepsis and Sepsis-Related Mortality.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the role of prehospital point-of-care -terminal probrain natriuretic peptide to predict sepsis, septic shock, or in-hospital sepsis-related mortality.

Methods: A prospective, emergency medical service-delivered, prognostic, cohort study of adults evacuated by ambulance and admitted to emergency department between January 2020 and May 2021. The discriminative power of the predictive variable was assessed through a prediction model trained using the derivation cohort and evaluated by the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic on the validation cohort.

One-on-one comparison between qCSI and NEWS scores for mortality risk assessment in patients with COVID-19.

Objective: To compare the predictive value of the quick COVID-19 Severity Index (qCSI) and the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) for 90-day mortality amongst COVID-19 patients.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective cohort study conducted in adult patients transferred by ambulance to an emergency department (ED) with suspected COVID-19 infection subsequently confirmed by a SARS-CoV-2 test (polymerase chain reaction). We collected epidemiological data, clinical covariates (respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, level of consciousness and use of supplemental oxygen) and hospital variables.

Tracking the National Early Warning Score 2 from Prehospital Care to the Emergency Department: A Prospective, Ambulance-Based, Observational Study.

To assess the prognostic ability of the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) at three time points of care -at the emergency scene (NEWS2-1), just before starting the transfer by ambulance to the hospital (NEWS2- 2), and at the hospital triage box (NEWS2-3)- to estimate in-hospital mortality after two days since the index event.: Prospective, multicenter, ambulance-based, cohort ongoing study in adults (>18 years) consecutively attended by advanced life support (ALS) and evacuated with high-priority to the emergency departments (ED) between October 2018 and May 2021. Vital sign measures were used to calculate the NEWS2 score at each time point, then this score was entered in a logistic regression model as the single predictor.

Usefulness of the CONUT index upon hospital admission as a potential prognostic indicator of COVID-19 health outcomes.

Background: In-hospital mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is high. Simple prognostic indices are needed to identify patients at high-risk of COVID-19 health outcomes. We aimed to determine the usefulness of the CONtrolling NUTritional status (CONUT) index as a potential prognostic indicator of mortality in COVID-19 patients upon hospital admission.

Comorbidity-adjusted NEWS predicts mortality in suspected patients with COVID-19 from nursing homes: Multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Aims: To assess the prognostic accuracy of comorbidity-adjusted National Early Warning Score in suspected Coronavirus disease 2019 patients transferred from nursing homes by the Emergency Department.

Design: Multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Patients transferred by high-priority ambulances from nursing homes to Emergency Departments with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, from March 12 to July 31 2020, were considered.

Time for a prehospital-modified sequential organ failure assessment score: An ambulance-Based cohort study.

Background: To adapt the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score to fit the prehospital care needs; to do that, the SOFA was modified by replacing platelets and bilirubin, by lactate, and tested this modified SOFA (mSOFA) score in its prognostic capacity to assess the mortality-risk at 2 days since the first Emergency Medical Service (EMS) contact.

Methods: Prospective, multicentric, EMS-delivery, ambulance-based, pragmatic cohort study of adults with acute diseases, referred to two tertiary care hospitals (Spain), between January 1st and December 31st, 2020. The discriminative power of the predictive variable was assessed through a prediction model trained using the derivation cohort and evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) on the validation cohort.

The effect of immediate postoperative Boussignac CPAP on adverse pulmonary events after thoracic surgery: A multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Background: The effectiveness of prophylactic continuous positive pressure ventilation (CPAP) after thoracic surgery is not clearly established.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of CPAP immediately after lung resection either by thoracotomy or thoracoscopy in preventing atelectasis and pneumonia.

Design: A multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label trial.

Acute reversible SERCA blockade facilitates or blocks exocytosis, respectively in mouse or bovine chromaffin cells.

Pre-blockade of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium ATPase (SERCA) with irreversible thapsigargin depresses exocytosis in adrenal bovine chromaffin cells (BCCs). Distinct expression of voltage-dependent Ca-channel subtypes and of the Ca-induced Ca release (CICR) mechanism in BCCs versus mouse chromaffin cells (MCCs) has been described. We present a parallel study on the effects of the acute SERCA blockade with reversible cyclopizonic acid (CPA), to repeated pulsing with acetylcholine (ACh) at short (15 s) and long intervals (60 s) at 37 °C, allowing the monitoring of the initial size of a ready-release vesicle pool (RRP) and its depletion and recovery in subsequent stimuli.

Risk for early death in acutely ill older adults attended by prehospital emergency medical services.

Objectives: To develop and validate a prehospital risk model to predict early in-hospital mortality (#48 hours) in patients aged 65 years or older.

Material And Methods: Prospective multicenter observational study in a cohort of patients aged 65 years or older attended by advanced life support emergency services and transferred to 5 Spanish hospitals between April 2018 and July 2019. We collected demographic, clinical and laboratory variables.

Recommendations of the Spanish Working Group on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU) on topical therapy in ulcerative colitis.

Although most patients with ulcerative colitis should be given topical treatment, different studies have shown that they are underused in clinical practice. The purpose of this article is to answer 10 specific questions about which drugs are available for topical use in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, and their characteristics in terms of formulation, dosage, presentation, application and proximal distribution of rectal-administered drugs. The efficacy of available topical drugs and the benefits of combining different formulations and routes of administration, and their usefulness during disease remission are evaluated.

Changes and Clinical Consequences of Smoking Cessation in Patients With COPD: A Prospective Analysis From the CHAIN Cohort.

Background: Despite the existing evidence-based smoking cessation interventions, chances of achieving that goal in real life are still low among patients with COPD. We sought to evaluate the clinical consequences of changes in smoking habits in a large cohort of patients with COPD.

Methods: CHAIN (COPD History Assessment in Spain) is a Spanish multicenter study carried out at pulmonary clinics including active and former smokers with COPD.

[Physical structure, human resources, and health care quality indicators in public hospital emergency departments in the autonomous communities of Madrid and Catalonia: a comparative study].

Objectives: To compare the general, structural, and organizational characteristics of public hospital emergency departments in the Spanish autonomous communities of Madrid and Catalonia.

Material And Methods: Descriptive survey-based study covering 3 areas of inquiry: general hospital features (18 questions), structural features of the emergency department (14 questions), and organizational and work-related policies of the emergency department (30 questions). Hospitals were grouped according to complexity: local hospitals (level 1), high-technology or referral hospitals (levels 2-3).

[Multicenter, triple-blind randomized placebo controlled trial of adjuvant nitrous oxide 50% in oxygen 50%: efficacy for reducing pain and increasing satisfaction in patients treated for renal colic in the emergency department].

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of a nitrous oxide and oxygen mixture (N2O/O2 50/50) for reducing pain and increasing satisfaction in patients with an initial clinical diagnosis of renal colic in the emergency department.

Material And Methods: Multicenter, triple-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. We randomized 147 patients with a clinical diagnosis of renal colic to an experimental group to receive the N2O/O2 50/50 mixture (n = 70) or a control group to receive 50% oxygen in air (n = 77).

The SIN3A histone deacetylase complex is required for a complete transcriptional response to hypoxia.

Cells adapt to environmental changes, including fluctuations in oxygen levels, through the induction of specific gene expression programs. To identify genes regulated by hypoxia at the transcriptional level, we pulse-labeled HUVEC cells with 4-thiouridine and sequenced nascent transcripts. Then, we searched genome-wide binding profiles from the ENCODE project for factors that correlated with changes in transcription and identified binding of several components of the Sin3A co-repressor complex, including SIN3A, SAP30 and HDAC1/2, proximal to genes repressed by hypoxia.

Identification of non-coding genetic variants in samples from hypoxemic respiratory disease patients that affect the transcriptional response to hypoxia.

A wide range of diseases course with an unbalance between the consumption of oxygen by tissues and its supply. This situation triggers a transcriptional response, mediated by the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), that aims to restore oxygen homeostasis. Little is known about the inter-individual variation in this response and its role in the progression of disease.

Which Are the Most Burdensome Functioning Areas in Depression? A Cross-National Study.

Background: The study aimed to identify the most burdensome functioning domains in depression and their differential impact on the quality of life (QoL) of individuals from nine countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, and Latin America.

Materials And Methods: Data from two multi-country projects-the World Health Organization's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) and the Collaborative Research on Ageing in Europe (COURAGE)-were analyzed. Eight functioning domains (pain, mobility, self-care, cognition, interpersonal activities, domestic life, and work, sleep and energy, and affect) and QoL were assessed in 4051 individuals with depression.

Visfatin as a novel mediator released by inflamed human endothelial cells.

Background: Visfatin is a multifaceted adipokine whose circulating levels are enhanced in different metabolic diseases. Extracellular visfatin can exert various deleterious effects on vascular cells, including inflammation and proliferation. Limited evidence exists, however, on the capacity of human vascular cells to synthesize and release visfatin by themselves, under basal or pro-inflammatory conditions.