Lactation, mastitis, and probiotics.

Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life, and prolonged with complementary feeding until 2 years of age or more, is the best nutritional approach in the first stage of life. Mastitis is a pathology that can jeopardize the continuity of breastfeeding. Different methods have been proposed for the prevention and treatment of mastitis, including probiotics.

Echocardiographic evaluation of inferior vena cava diameters and collapsibility index in healthy children.

Introduction. Echocardiographic measurement of inferior vena cava diameters and collapsibility index (IVCCI) can estimate right heart chamber function and intravascular volume status. Few reports of reference values for diameters and IVCCI in the pediatric population exist.

Differences in dialysis modality choice between immigrant and native populations in Barcelona, Spain.

Few studies have analyzed the freedom to choose their renal replacement treatment (RRT) modality in Spain. In a total of 673 patients with ACKD (stage 4 and 5) seen at the outpatient ACKD clinic of Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain) from 2009 to 2020, we retrospectively compared immigrant and Spanish patients in order to analyze the impact of migration on RRT decision-making and its subsequent evolution in advanced CKD (ACKD) consultation and identifies the social and economic needs of this population. One hundred thirteen (16.

Cardiovascular profile of systemic lupus erythematosus patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Spain: Analysis of the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry.

Background: Despite advancements in understanding the interplay between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), cardiovascular disease and COVID-19, challenges and knowledge gaps persist. This study aimed to characterize the cardiovascular profiles of SLE patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and to evaluate the influence of SLE on the development of cardiovascular complications.

Methods: This was a multicentre, nationwide observational study in which data were sourced from the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry between March 1, 2020, and March 31, 2021, involving 150 Spanish hospitals.

Left ventricular elastance with resting volumetric transthoracic echocardiography identifies different phenotypes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A retrospective analysis of a multicenter prospective observational study.

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous entity including patients with different phenotypes of near normal, normal, and supernormal left ventricular (LV) function.

Objectives: To assess the value of resting LV elastance (also known as force) with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to identify HFpEF phenotypes.

Methods: In a prospective, observational, multicenter study, 2380 HFpEF patients were recruited from July 2016 to May 2024.

The effect of Inhaled Nitric Oxide Treatment on Biomarkers of Oxidative/Nitrosative Damage to Proteins and DNA/RNA.

Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator that is used as a treatment for persistent pulmonary hypertension in neonates (PPHN) with hypoxic respiratory failure. The generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species might induce oxidative/nitrosative damage to multiple organs. There is an increasing scientific and clinical interest in the determination of specific biomarkers to measure the degree of oxidative/nitrosative stress in non-invasively collected biofluids.

WHY ARE WE NOT EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF LOWER LIMB MUSCLE POWER TO IDENTIFY PEOPLE WITH SARCOPENIA?

Sarcopenia refers to a neuromuscular disease characterized by age-related declines in muscle mass and function. Since Professor Rosenberg first introduced the concept of sarcopenia in 1989, numerous operational paradigms have been proposed, tested, and validated against negative outcomes. The most recent recommendations advocate that dynapenia, or reduced of muscle strength, should be used alongside low muscle mass for the identification of sarcopenia.

Decoding the blueprint of receptor binding by filoviruses through large-scale binding assays and machine learning.

Evidence suggests that bats are important hosts of filoviruses, yet the specific species involved remain largely unidentified. Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) is an essential entry receptor, with amino acid variations influencing viral susceptibility and species-specific tropism. Herein, we conducted combinatorial binding studies with seven filovirus glycoproteins (GPs) and NPC1 orthologs from 81 bat species.

Dual effect of targeting LSD1 on the invasiveness and the mechanical response of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.

Epigenetic alterations are hallmarks of cancer, with histone modifiers playing critical roles in gene transcription, DNA homeostasis, and other nuclear functions. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), a key regulator of H3K4 methylation, has emerged as a promising pharmacological target in cancer treatment, including leukemia. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common pediatric cancer, remains a significant therapeutic challenge due to limited understanding of how epigenetic therapy impacts leukemia dissemination.

HEBE: A novel chimeric chronokine for ameliorating memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-β and Tau protein depositions, with treatments focusing on single proteins have shown limited success due to the complexity of pathways involved. This study explored the potential of chronokines -proteins that modulate aging-related processes- as an alternative therapeutic approach. Specifically, we focused on a novel pleiotropic chimeric protein named HEBE, combining s-KL, sTREM2 and TIMP2, guided by bioinformatic analyses to ensure the preservation of each protein's conformation, crucial for their functions.

Long-term outcome and risk stratification in compensated advanced chronic liver disease after HCV-cure.

Background And Aims: Around 750,000 patients per year will be cured of HCV infection until 2030. Those with compensated advanced chronic liver disease remain at risk for hepatic decompensation and de novo HCC. Algorithms have been developed to stratify risk early after cure; however, data on long-term outcomes and the prognostic utility of these risk stratification algorithms at later time points are lacking.

Role of procalcitonin, C reactive protein and ferritin in cytokine release syndrome after CAR T-cell therapy in children and young adults.

PurposeChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell CD19 therapy has changed the treatment paradigm for patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It is frequently associated with potentially severe toxicities: cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and admission to PICU is often required. Some biomarkers seem to correlate with CRS severity.

Risk factors for delayed gastric emptying after pancreatoduodenectomy: a 10-year retrospective study.

Background: Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a frequent complication of pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) and is associated with prolonged hospital stay, readmission, increased hospital costs and decreased quality of life. However, the pathophysiology of DGE remains unclear.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent PD for pancreatic or periampullary tumours.

A Homozygous ATP2A2 Variant Alters Sarcoendoplasmic Reticulum Ca-ATPase 2 Function in Skeletal Muscle and Causes a Novel Vacuolar Myopathy.

Aims: Sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase 2 (SERCA2), encoded by ATP2A2, is a key protein involved in intracellular Ca homeostasis. The SERCA2a isoform is predominantly expressed in cardiomyocytes and type I myofibres. Variants in this gene are related to Darier disease, an autosomal dominant dermatologic disorder, but have never been linked to myopathy.

Efficacy and safety of daprodustat in patients on peritoneal dialysis in the ASCEND-D trial.

Background And Hypothesis: Daprodustat, an oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, is approved for treatment of anemia in dialysis patients with CKD in some parts of the world. This subgroup analysis examined the efficacy and safety of daprodustat versus darbepoetin alfa in patients with anemia of CKD undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods: ASCEND-D (NCT02879305) was an open-label, Phase 3 trial; patients with CKD were randomized to daprodustat daily and epoetin alfa (HD patients) or darbepoetin alfa (PD patients).

Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Risk of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Association between dietary factors and the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been studied extensively. However, identification of deleterious dietary patterns merits further study.

Aim: To investigate the risk of developing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) according to the inflammatory score of the diet (ISD) in the multinational European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

Cardio-Obstetrics Practice in Latin America: A Regional Survey of General Cardiologists.

Background: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a leading cause of death in pregnant women globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries including Latin America (LATAM), where there is lack of data on how cardiologists are trained in cardio-obstetrics (CO) and the practice patterns in the care of pregnant patients.

Objectives: The authors aimed to identify CO competency and practice patterns among LATAM general cardiologists.

Methods: An anonymous cross-sectional Google-based electronic survey was sent via email to clinical cardiologists through local American College of Cardiology chapters and CV societies.

Associations With Adverse Postoperative Outcomes in Children Undergoing Atrial Septal Defect Closure in Lower-Resource Settings.

Background: Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are a common cause of congenital heart disease worldwide.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to assess change over time in surgical outcomes for ASD repair and identify patient-level risk factors for adverse postoperative outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed cases of isolated ASD in patients <18 years from 2010 to 2020 from 71 sites participating in the International Quality Improvement Collaborative for Congenital Heart Disease.

Nodular basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum: a case report and review of the literature.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common non-melanoma type of skin cancer described in humans that originates in the epidermis, more specifically in the basal layer and its appendages. Environmental, genetic and phenotypic factors contribute to the onset of this cancer; however, damage caused by ultraviolet radiation from sunlight is the primary risk factor. The emergence of this neoplasm in unexposed body areas, such as the soles, groin, armpit, scrotum or vulva is very rare.

Antimicrobial stewardship: from theory to reality in a resource-limited setting (and beyond).

Correct use of antibiotics is paramount to present global health. Among other actions, antimicrobial stewardship emphasizes de-escalation and suspension whenever possible. Nonetheless, roadblocks can be encountered (e.

Recombinant Klotho administration after myocardial infarction reduces ischaemic injury and arrhythmias by blocking intracellular calcium mishandling and CaMKII activation.

Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) remains a major cause of death and morbidity. Klotho is a well-known anti-ageing factor with relevant cardioprotective actions, at least when renal dysfunction is present, but its actions are much less known when renal function is preserved. This study investigated Klotho as a biomarker and potential novel treatment of IHD-associated complications after myocardial infarction (MI) under preserved renal function.

Los olvidados: Non-BRCA variants associated with Hereditary breast cancer in Mexican population.

Background: Hereditary predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) is a pathological condition with increased cancer risk, including breast (BC), ovarian cancer (OC), and others. HBOC pathogenesis is caused mainly by germline pathogenic variants (GPV) in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. However, other relevant genes are related to this syndrome diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, including TP53, PALB2, CHEK2, ATM, etc.

Sleep and circadian rhythms in delayed sleep-wake phase disorder: Phenotypic differences between patients with and without comorbid depression.

Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder involves chronic difficulty going to bed and waking up at conventional times and often co-occurs with depression. This study compared sleep and circadian rhythms between patients with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder with depression (DSWPD-D) and without (DSWPD-ND) comorbid depression. Clinical records of 162 patients with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (70 DSWPD-D, 92 DSWPD-ND) were analysed, including a subset of 76 patients with circadian phase determined by the dim light melatonin onset.