The neural inhibition network is causally involved in the disembodiment effect of linguistic negation.

Negation applied to action contexts reduces the activation of the motor system. According to the Reusing Inhibition for Negation (RIN) hypothesis, such "disembodiment" effect occurs because understanding negations engages the reuse of inhibitory control mechanisms. Here, we investigated whether the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) - a key area of the inhibitory control system - contributes to primary motor cortex (M1) processing of negated action-sentences.

Poor Adherence to Oral Psychiatric Medication in Adults with Schizophrenia May Be Influenced by Pharmacophobia, High Internal Health Locus of Control and Treatment Duration.

Objective: This study in Spain, Argentina, and Venezuela included 212 schizophrenia outpatients prescribed 387 psychiatric medications and 1,160 other psychiatric outpatients prescribed 2,067 medications. Methods: Logistic regression models included adherence for each psychiatric medication, measured by the Sidorkiewicz Adherence Tool, as the dependent variable. The models provided adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of dichotomous independent variables: 1) clinical variables, 2) subscales from the Patient Health Beliefs Questionnaire on Psychiatric Treatment (presence/absence of pharmacophobia and pharmacophilia and high/low psychological reactance, internal health locus of control [HLOC] and doctor's HLOC) and 3) presence/absence of skepticism toward each medication measured by the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ).

Poor Adherence to Oral Psychiatric Medication in Adults with Depression: Psychological Reactance May Have Specific Effects in Depression.

Objective: Medication adherence in psychiatric disorders, including depression, may be influenced by 6 self-reported dimensions: 1) high/low doctor health locus of control (HLOC), 2) high/low internal HLOC, 3) high/low psychological reactance, 4) pharmacophilia, 5) pharmacophobia, and 6) skepticism about a specific medication. This study in Spain, Argentina, and Venezuela included 521 outpatients with depression prescribed 920 psychiatric medications and 851 other psychiatric outpatients prescribed 1534 medications. Methods: Logistic regression models were completed in patients with depression and psychiatric controls.

Adherence to psychiatric medications: Comparing patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression.

Findings of three articles reporting results in 1372 stabilized outpatients taking 2454 medications in Spain, Argentina, and Venezuela were combined. Prevalence of good adherence was not obviously different across diagnoses: 69.5% (N=212) for schizophrenia, 66.

Poor Adherence to Oral Psychiatric Medication in Adults with Bipolar Disorder: The Psychiatrist May have More Influence than in Other Severe Mental Illnesses.

Objective: Medication adherence in bipolar disorder (BD) may be influenced by 6 selfreported dimensions: 1) high/low psychological reactance, 2) high/low internal healthlocus of control (HLOC), 3) high/low doctor HLOC, 4) pharmacophobia, 5) pharmacophilia, and 6) skepticism about a specific medication. This study in Spain, Argentina, and Venezuela included 142 outpatients with BD prescribed 320 psychiatric medications and 1230 other psychiatric outpatients prescribed 2134 medications. Methods: Logistic regression models included adherence for each psychiatric medication, measured by the Sidorkiewicz Adherence Tool as the dependent variable.

Practical Approach to Measuring and Predicting Medication Adherence by Outpatient's SelfReport After More than 10 Years of Research in Psychopharmacology.

Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression are associated with nonadherence registered mean figures of around 50%, highlighting the relevance of having simple adherence tools to incorporate into daily clinical practice. For 10 years we have focused on self-report as an assessment method and have studied thousands of outpatients taking thousands of psychiatric medications in three countries. Measurement of treatment adherence during use of polypharmacy is a really complex task as patients could adhere differently to the various medications prescribed, making it essential to assess adherence to each individual medication.

What is the dominant treatment attitude of psychiatric patients?

Background: Patients' attitude towards drug treatment is of prognostic value regarding adherence. However, few detailed analyses have been performed regarding the influencing factors of the treatment attitude of psychiatric patients. Methods: We enrolled in the study 295 psychiatric inpatients and analyzed the data obtained using the recently developed Patient's Health Belief Questionnaire on Psychiatric Treatment (PHBQPT), the Behavioural Inhibition/ Activation System (BIS/BAS) Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Regional accents modulate perspective in geographical space.

In this study, participants listened to first-person statements that mentioned a character who was approaching a geographical location close to (Tenerife, Canary Islands) or distant from the participant (Madrid, Spanish peninsula), pronounced with either the participants' local or a distal regional accent. Participants more often judged approaching statements as coherent when they refer to a close place pronounced with local accent or refer to a distant place with distal accent, rather than when they refer to a close place with distal accent or to a distant place with local accent. These results strongly suggest that the local accent induces listeners to keep their own geographical perspective, whereas the distal accent determines shifting to another's perspective.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Right Anterior Temporal Lobe Does Not Modulate False Recognition.

Non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL) has been shown to cause a reduction in the rate of false memories with semantically related words. Such a reduction seems to be specific to false memories induced by the study of associative lists, but is not observed when the studied lists are categorical in nature. These findings are interpreted as evidence that the left ATL functions as an integration hub that is crucial for the binding of semantic information into coherent representations of concepts.

The Mediating Role of Resilience in the Relationship between Perceived Stress and Mental Health.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created great uncertainty around the world, and due to the pandemic, nurses have been exposed to an increase in highly stressful clinical situations. This study examines the relationships between perceived stress and emotional disorders among nurses who have provided direct patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic and explores the mediating role of resilience in these relationships. In an online cross-sectional design, we asked Spanish nurses ( = 214) to complete self-reported scales, and we performed correlation and mediation analyses between perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS-4), resilience (Wagnild Resilience Scale, RS-14), wellbeing (World Health Organization Wellbeing Index, five items, WHO-5), anxiety (PHQ-2) and depression (GAD-2).

Early Right Motor Cortex Response to Happy and Fearful Facial Expressions: A TMS Motor-Evoked Potential Study.

The ability to rapidly process others' emotional signals is crucial for adaptive social interactions. However, to date it is still unclear how observing emotional facial expressions affects the reactivity of the human motor cortex. To provide insights on this issue, we employed single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate corticospinal motor excitability.

Inhibitory Mechanisms in the Processing of Negations: A Neural Reuse Hypothesis.

Negation is known to have inhibitory consequences for the information under its scope. However, how it produces such effects remains poorly understood. Recently, it has been proposed that negation processing might be implemented at the neural level by the recruitment of inhibitory and cognitive control mechanisms.

Crossing hands behind your back reduces recall of manual action sentences and alters brain dynamics.

The embodied meaning approach posits that understanding action-related language recruits motor processes in the brain. However, the functional impact of these motor processes on cognition has been questioned. The present study aims to provide new electrophysiological (EEG) evidence concerning the role of motor processes in the comprehension and memory of action language.

Exploring patterns in psychiatric outpatients' preferences for involvement in decision-making: a latent class analysis approach.

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM), a collaborative approach that includes and respects patients' preferences for involvement in decision-making about their treatment, is increasingly advocated. However, in the practice of clinical psychiatry, implementing SDM seems difficult to accomplish. Although the number of studies related to psychiatric patients' preferences for involvement is increasing, studies have largely focused on understanding patients in public mental healthcare settings.

Effect of necessity-concern framework and polypharmacy on treatment adherence in psychiatric patients. Comparing an Argentinian with a Spanish sample.

Objective: We aimed to replicate a prior Spanish study of medication adherence where logistic regression models provided highly significant odds ratios (ORs) for three continuous scores: necessity, concern and the necessity-concern differential, and a dichotomous variable: skeptical attitude. Adherence ORs in the necessity-concern framework were very strong in patients taking five or six medications.

Methods: The sample comprised consecutive adult psychiatric outpatients in Mendoza, Argentina.

Mutual influence between emotional language and inhibitory control processes. Evidence from an event-related potential study.

There is abundant literature demonstrating that processing emotional stimuli modulates inhibitory control processes. However, the reverse effects, namely, how cognitive inhibition influences the processing of emotional stimuli, have been considerably neglected. This ERP study tries to fill this gap by studying the bidirectional interactions between emotional language and inhibitory processes.

Effects of a peer co-facilitated educational programme for parents of children with ADHD: a feasibility randomised controlled trial protocol.

Introduction: Significant numbers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display problems that cause multiple disabilities, deficits and handicaps that interfere with social relationships, development and school achievement. They may have multiple problems, which strain family dynamics and influence the child's treatment. Parent activation, described as parents' knowledge, skills and confidence in dealing with their child's health and healthcare, has been shown to be an important factor in improving health outcomes.

Rapid acquisition of novel written word-forms: ERP evidence.

Background: Novel word acquisition is generally believed to be a rapid process, essential for ensuring a flexible and efficient communication system; at least in spoken language, learners are able to construct memory traces for new linguistic stimuli after just a few exposures. However, such rapid word learning has not been systematically found in visual domain, with different confounding factors obscuring the orthographic learning of novel words. This study explored the changes in human brain activity occurring online, during a brief training with novel written word-forms using a silent reading task RESULTS: Single-trial, cluster-based random permutation analysis revealed that training caused an extremely fast (after just one repetition) and stable facilitation in novel word processing, reflected in the modulation of P200 and N400 components, possibly indicating rapid dynamics at early and late stages of the lexical processing.

Self-Report for Measuring and Predicting Medication Adherence: Experts' Experience in Predicting Adherence in Stable Psychiatric Outpatients and in Pharmacokinetics.

The Problem: Poor adherence to appropriately prescribed medication is a global challenge for psychiatrists.

Prior Studies: Measuring adherence is complicated. In our recent three-country naturalistic study including more than 1000 patients and their adherence to multiple medication prescriptions at the same time, patients' self-report of adherence to each specific drug was the only practical option for measuring adherence.

Neurophysiological Correlates of Top-Down Phonological and Semantic Influence during the Orthographic Processing of Novel Visual Word-Forms.

The acquisition of new vocabulary is usually mediated by previous experience with language. In the visual domain, the representation of orthographically unfamiliar words at the phonological or conceptual levels may facilitate their orthographic learning. The neural correlates of this advantage were investigated by recording EEG activity during reading novel and familiar words across three different experiments ( = 22 each), manipulating the availability of previous knowledge on the novel written words.

Assessment of shared decision-making in community mental health care: Validation of the CollaboRATE.

Background/objective: CollaboRATE is a 3-item self-report measure of the patient experience of shared decision-making (SDM) process. The objective of this study is to assess the psychometric properties of CollaboRATE in community mental health care.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a Community Mental Health Center of the Canary Islands Health Service.

Electrifying discourse: Anodal tDCS of the primary motor cortex selectively reduces action appraisal in naturalistic narratives.

Non-invasive stimulation of the primary motor cortex (M1) modulates processing of decontextualized action words and sentences (i.e., verbal units denoting bodily motion).