167 results match your criteria: "Institute of Transplant Immunology[Affiliation]"

subspecies (MAP) causes Johne's disease (JD), an incurable chronic intestinal bowel disease in ruminants. JD occurs worldwide and causes enormous economic burden in dairy industry. Research on JD pathobiology is hampered by its complexity which cannot completely be mimicked by small animal models.

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Differential effects of Belatacept on virus-specific memory versus de novo allo-specific T cell responses of kidney transplant recipients and healthy donors.

Transpl Immunol

August 2020

Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; DZIF, German Center for Infectious Diseases, TTU-IICH Hannover-Braunschweig site, Germany. Electronic address:

Belatacept, Nulojix®, inhibits the interaction of CD28 on naïve T cells with B7.1/B7.2 (CD80/86) on antigen presenting cells, leading to T cell hyporesponsiveness and anergy and is approved as immunosuppressive drug in kidney transplantation.

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The host-microbe relationship is pivotal for oral health as well as for peri-implant diseases. Peri-implant mucosa and commensal biofilm play important roles in the maintenance of host-microbe homeostasis, but little is known about how they interact. We have therefore investigated the early host-microbe interaction between commensal multispecies biofilm (Streptococcus oralis, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella dispar, Porphyromonas gingivalis) and organotypic peri-implant mucosa using our three-dimensional model.

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Purpose: Life-threatening complications of CD-19 Chimeric antigen receptor - T (CAR-T) cells such as the cytokine release syndrome (CRS)) have been reported. Treatment is limited to IL-6 blockade and steroids although global removal of elevated soluble inflammatory factors might be more effective.

Methods: Clinical course of a CRS patient treated with extracorporeal cytokine adsorption (Cytosorb®).

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The Fetal-Maternal Immune Interface in Uterus Transplantation.

Trends Immunol

March 2020

Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Uterus transplants (UTxs) have been performed worldwide. Overall frequencies have been low, but globally initiated UTx programs are expected to increase clinical implementation. The uterus constitutes a unique immunological environment with specific features of tissue renewal and a receptive endometrium.

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Background And Aims: Patients with advanced liver cirrhosis have an increased susceptibility to infections. As part of the cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, which have the capacity to respond to bacteria, are severely diminished in circulation and liver tissue. However, MAIT cell presence and function in the peritoneal cavity, a common anatomical site for infections in cirrhosis, remain elusive.

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Inflammatory responses associated with ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) play a central role in alloimmunity and transplant outcomes. A key event driving these inflammatory responses is the burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), with hydrogen peroxide (H O ) as the most abundant form that occurs as a result of surgical implantation of the donor organ. Here, we used a syngeneic rat renal transplant and IRI model to evaluate the therapeutic properties of APP-103, a polyoxalate-based copolymer molecule containing vanillyl alcohol (VA) that exhibits high sensitivity and specificity toward the production of H O .

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The vast majority of Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Tregs) are generated in the thymus, and several factors, such as cytokines and unique thymic antigen-presenting cells, are known to contribute to the development of these thymus-derived Tregs (tTregs). Here, we report the existence of a specific subset of Foxp3 Tregs within the thymus that is characterized by the expression of IL-1R2, which is a decoy receptor for the inflammatory cytokine IL-1. Detailed flow cytometric analysis of the thymocytes from Foxp3xRAG1 reporter mice revealed that the IL-1R2 Tregs are mainly RAG1 and CCR6CCR7, demonstrating that these Tregs are recirculating cells entering the thymus from the periphery and that they have an activated phenotype.

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Objectives: Experience with the treatment of early donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (eDSA) after lung transplantation in children is very limited. At our institution, we have treated patients with eDSA since 2013 with successive infusions of intravenous human immunoglobulins (IVIG), combined in some cases with a single dose of Rituximab and plasmapheresis (therapeutic plasma exchange [tPE]) or immunoabsorption. The aim of this study was to present the 6-year results of IVIG-based therapy in pediatric lung recipients.

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In this retrospective study, we analyzed the presence of any association of three CD4 CD25 regulatory T-cell subpopulations at 3 weeks after lung transplantation with the later incidence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction and graft survival. Among lung-transplanted patients between January 2009 and April 2018, only patients with sufficient T-cell measurements at 3 weeks after transplantation were included into the study. Putative regulatory T cells were defined as CD4 CD25 T cells, detected in peripheral blood and further analyzed for CD127 , FoxP3 , and CD152 using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis.

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Genetically engineered Salmonella Typhimurium are potent vectors for prophylactic and therapeutic measures against pathogens as well as cancer. This is based on the potent adjuvanticity that supports strong immune responses. The physiology of Salmonella is well understood.

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Aims: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) establishes late in pregnancy or in the first postpartum months. Many patients recover well within the first year, but long-term outcome studies on morbidity and mortality are rare. Here, we present 5-year follow-up data of a German PPCM cohort.

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Article Synopsis
  • Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a serious heart condition that affects women with no prior heart issues, and is linked to the 16 kDa-prolactin fragment that causes vascular damage and heart failure.
  • In a study comparing healthy postpartum women to those with PPCM, PAI-1 levels were significantly higher in PPCM patients at baseline but decreased after six months, coinciding with an improvement in heart function (LVEF).
  • The researchers found that increased miR-146a levels in PPCM patients correlated with elevated PAI-1 and was associated with higher NF-κB activation in endothelial cells, suggesting a role of PAI-1 in the disease's underlying mechanisms.
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Impact of immunosuppressive therapy on brain derived cytokines after liver transplantation.

Transpl Immunol

February 2020

Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Centre Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Background: While acute neurotoxic side effects of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) are well-known, data upon long-term effects on brain structure and function are sparse. We hypothesize that long-term CNI therapy affects the neuroimmune system, thereby, increasing the risk of neurodegeneration. Here, we measured the impact of CNI therapy on plasma levels of brain- and T cell-derived cytokines in a cohort of patients after liver transplantation (LT).

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These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of flow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data. Notably, there are comprehensive sections of all major immune cell types with helpful Tables detailing phenotypes in murine and human cells.

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Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may follow four different consecutive phases, which are defined by virology as well as biochemical markers and differ in terms of prognosis and need for antiviral treatment. Currently, host responses reflected by immune markers are not considered in this definition. We aimed to study soluble immune markers and their distribution in different phases of chronic HBV infection.

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Multiple reports have highlighted the importance of the local immunological cellular composition (. the density of effector T cells and macrophage polarization state) in predicting clinical outcome in advanced metastatic stage of colorectal cancer. However, in spite of the general association between a high effector T cell density and improved outcome, our recent work has revealed a specific lymphocyte-driven cancer cell-supporting signal.

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BACKGROUND Hepatocyte transplantation (HCTx) has the potential for the treatment of end-stage liver disease. However, failure of engraftment and the long-term acceptance of cellular allografts remain significant challenges for its clinical application. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the immunosuppressive agents, Cyclosporine, Everolimus, and Belatacept to suppress the alloresponse of primary human hepatocytes in a mixed lymphocyte-hepatocyte culture (MLHC) and their potential hepatotoxicity in vitro.

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Cytokine Selection of MSC Clones with Different Functionality.

Stem Cell Reports

August 2019

Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Building J11, Level 01, Room 6540, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address:

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are used in many clinical applications. However, ex vivo expansion is required to reach clinically relevant cell numbers, which might lead to selection of clones with different characteristics. To follow clonal selection, we transduced MSC progenitors in umbilical cord pieces (UCPs) with vectors encoding fluorescent proteins and genetic barcodes.

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The molecular pathomechanisms in the majority of patients suffering from acute or progressive sensorineural hearing loss cannot be determined yet. The size and the complex architecture of the cochlea make biopsy and in-depth histological analyses impossible without severe damage of the organ. Thus, histopathology correlated to inner disease is only possible after death.

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The impact of oral commensal and pathogenic bacteria on peri-implant mucosa is not well understood, despite the high prevalence of peri-implant infections. Hence, we investigated responses of the peri-implant mucosa to Streptococcus oralis or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilms using a novel in vitro peri-implant mucosa-biofilm model. Our 3D model combined three components, organotypic oral mucosa, implant material, and oral biofilm, with structural assembly close to native situation.

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Biliary atresia (BA) is characterized by progressive destruction of the biliary system leading to liver fibrosis and deterioration of liver function. Serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been shown to be increased in cirrhotic diseases including BA. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of HGF levels in sera and liver tissue for the further disease course.

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In contrast to the whole liver, primary hepatocytes are highly immunogenic. Thus, alternative strategies of immunomodulation after hepatocyte transplantation are of special interest. Silencing of HLA class I expression is expected to reduce the strength of allogeneic immune responses and to improve graft survival.

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Changes of T-cell Immunity Over a Lifetime.

Transplantation

November 2019

Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplantation Surgery Research Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

T-cell immunity undergoes a complex and continuous remodeling with aging. Understanding those dynamics is essential in refining immunosuppression. Aging is linked to phenotypic and metabolic changes in T-cell immunity, many resulting into impaired function and compromised effectiveness.

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