Functional modulation of lysophosphatidic acid type 2 G-protein coupled receptor facilitates alveolar bone formation.

Lipid biosynthesis is recently studied its functions in a range of cellular physiology including differentiation and regeneration. However, it still remains to be elucidated in its precise function. To reveal this, we evaluated the roles of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling in alveolar bone formation using the LPA type 2 receptor (LPAR2) antagonist AMG-35 (Amgen Compound 35) using tooth loss without periodontal disease model which would be caused by trauma and usually requires a dental implant to restore masticatory function.

Metabolic phenotyping of saliva to identify possible biomarkers of periodontitis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance.

Aim: The aim of this study was to propose biomarker candidates for periodontitis via untargeted metabolomics analysis.

Materials And Methods: Metabolic profiling was performed using saliva samples from 92 healthy controls (H) and 129 periodontitis patients (P) in the discovery cohort using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Random forest was applied to identify metabolites that significantly differentiated the control group from the periodontitis group.

Non-thermal plasma application enhances the recovery of transected sciatic nerves in rats.

This experimental research aimed to investigate the effects of non-thermal plasma on nerve regeneration after transected nerve damage using the sciatic nerve in Wistar albino (A) rats. The experiments were performed on 27 Wistar A rats. The rats underwent surgery for right sciatic nerve exposure and were divided into three groups (each group,  = 9) according to sciatic nerve transected injury (SNTI) and non-thermal plasma application: a non-nerve damage (non-ND) group, a only nerve damage without non-thermal plasma application (ND) group, and a nerve damage with non-thermal plasma application (ND + NTP) group.

Retrospective Comparison of Postinsertion Maintenances Between Conventional and 3D Printed Complete Dentures Fabricated in a Predoctoral Clinic.

Purpose: A retrospective study to analyze the clinical performance of 3D printed complete dentures in edentulous patients compared with conventional complete dentures regarding postinsertion visits and patient reported outcomes.

Material And Methods: Electronic charts were reviewed to analyze 420 (maxilla 270, mandible 150) heat-polymerized conventional complete dentures (CCD) inserted between July 1, 2015 and June 30, 2016 and 217 (maxilla 130, mandible 86) 3D printed complete dentures (PCD) inserted between July 1, 2017 and June 30, 2018. Number of remakes, number of postinsertion adjustments, type and number of repairs, and patient reported complications were compared between two types of complete dentures.

Clinical evaluation of the fit of lithium disilicate crowns fabricated with three different CAD-CAM systems.

Statement Of Problem: The fit and performance of prostheses fabricated using various computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems have been evaluated. However, most studies were conducted in vitro, and relatively few have addressed gingival parameters and prosthesis fit under clinical conditions.

Purpose: This clinical study aimed to compare the fit of lithium disilicate crowns produced using 3 CAD-CAM systems and evaluate clinical results up to 6 months after delivery.

Retrospective clinical evaluation of implant-assisted removable partial dentures combined with implant surveyed prostheses.

Statement Of Problem: Implant-assisted removable partial dentures (IARPDs) have been proposed as a treatment option for partially edentulous patients. However, evidence regarding the outcome of implant-assisted removable partial dentures with implant surveyed prostheses is limited.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the clinical status and complications of IARPDs combined with implant surveyed prostheses in terms of clinical tissue condition, marginal bone resorption, and prosthetic complications.

Comparison of clinical fit of three-unit zirconia fixed prostheses fabricated using chairside and labside CAD/CAM systems.

The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical fit provided by EZIS system, the newly commercialized chairside CAD/CAM system. Prostheses were fabricated with the chairside CAD/CAM system (CS) and labside CAD/CAM system (LS) and marginal, axial, and occlusal fit of the prostheses were compared and analyzed by using replica technique. CS group presented significantly lower fit in all the three fits compared to LS group.

Three-Dimensional Evaluation on Accuracy of Conventional and Milled Gypsum Models and 3D Printed Photopolymer Models.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of dental models fabricated by conventional, milling, and three-dimensional (3D) printing methods. A reference model with inlay, single crown, and three-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDP) preparations was prepared. Conventional gypsum models (CON) were manufactured from the conventional method.

Evaluating the Wear of Resin Teeth by Different Opposing Restorative Materials.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the wear properties of resin teeth with different opposing dental restorative materials. One type of resin tooth (Trubyte Biotone) was tested against six types of restorative materials including type III gold alloy (GO), monolithic zirconia (MZ), lithium disilicate glass ceramic (LD), nickel-chromium alloy (NC), feldspathic ceramic (FC), and steatite (ST). Two-body wear tests were performed under a vertical load of 5 kgf and thermo-cycling at 5/55 °C with a total of 120,000 cycles.

Current Advances in Red Blood Cell Generation Using Stem Cells from Diverse Sources.

Blood transfusions hold an indispensable part in the modern healthcare system. Up to date, the blood supply is largely dependent on donations. Unfortunately, collecting the clinical-grade blood products has become a challenging mission due to accelerated population aging, which not only increases the need for blood transfusions but also decreases the number of healthy donors.

Similarity index for intuitive assessment of three-dimensional facial asymmetry.

Evaluation of facial asymmetry generally involves landmark-based analyses that cannot intuitively assess differences in three-dimensional (3D) stereoscopic structures between deviation and non-deviation sides. This study tested a newly developed similarity index that uses a mirroring technique to intuitively evaluate 3D mandibular asymmetry, and characterised the resulting lower facial soft tissue asymmetry. The similarity index was used to evaluate asymmetry before and after surgery in 46 adult patients (27 men, 19 women; age, 22 ± 4.

Risk factors for hypesthesia after repair of facial fractures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of hypesthesia in patients with facial bone fractures and to identify the relationships between posttraumatic hypesthesia and risk factors, including general and fracture-related characteristics.

Study Design: A total of 437 patients who underwent surgery for facial bone fractures were included. Clinical neurosensory testing was performed at different time points (immediately after trauma and 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery).

Bioprinting of three-dimensional dentin-pulp complex with local differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells.

Numerous approaches have been introduced to regenerate artificial dental tissues. However, conventional approaches are limited when producing a construct with three-dimensional patient-specific shapes and compositions of heterogeneous dental tissue. In this research, bioprinting technology was applied to produce a three-dimensional dentin-pulp complex with patient-specific shapes by inducing localized differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells within a single structure.

Wear Characteristics of Dental Ceramic CAD/CAM Materials Opposing Various Dental Composite Resins.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the wear properties of opposed dental ceramic restorative CAD/CAM materials and several posterior direct restorative composite resins. Three kinds of dental ceramics CAD/CAM materials (monolithic zirconia, lithium disilicate, leucite) and four dental composite resins-that is, MI Gracefil, Gradia Direct P, Estelite Σ Quick, and Filtek Supreme Ultra-were used in this study. For each of the 12 groups (three ceramics × four composite resins), five each of a canine-shaped ceramic specimen and a cuboidal shape opposing composite resin were prepared.

Fluorinated Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles: Enamel Demineralization Prevention and Antibacterial Effect of Orthodontic Bonding Resin.

Orthodontic treatment involving the bonding of fixed appliances to tooth surfaces can cause white spot lesions (WSLs). WSLs increase the likelihood of cavity formation and hence require preservation and prosthetic restoration. Therefore, the prevention of WSLs is of greater importance than treatment.

Relationship between the maxillofacial skeletal pattern and the morphology of the mandibular symphysis: Structural equation modeling.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the facial skeletal patterns and the shape of the mandibular symphysis in adults with malocclusion by using a structural equation model (SEM).

Methods: Ninety adults who had malocclusion and had records of facial skeletal measurements performed using cone-beam computed tomography were selected for this study. The skeletal measurements were classified into three groups (vertical, anteroposterior, and transverse).

Cancer upregulated gene 2 (CUG2), a novel oncogene, promotes stemness-like properties via the NPM1-TGF-β signaling axis.

Our previous study reported that cancer upregulated gene (CUG)2, a novel oncogene, induces both faster cell migration and anti-cancer drug resistance. We thus wonder whether CUG2 also induces stemness, a characteristic of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and further examine the molecular mechanism of this phenotype. To test that CUG2 induces stemness, we examined expression of stemness-related factors.

Implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis with a microlocking implant prosthetic system: A clinical report.

A microlocking implant prosthetic system has recently been developed to address the limitations of conventional screw- and cement-retained implant-supported fixed dental prostheses. This prosthesis system consists of a precision-machined abutment and an attachment that includes zirconia balls and a nickel-titanium spring, thus providing retrievability and constant retention of the prosthesis. In addition, screw-related complications are avoided because there is no retention screw.

Enamel Surface Remineralization Effect by Fluorinated Graphite and Bioactive Glass-Containing Orthodontic Bonding Resin.

All orthodontic appliances are potentially cariogenic. The plaque around the orthodontic appliance can make demineralization on tooth surface causing white spot lesion (WSL). The most effective method to prevent WSL is Fluoride appliance and gargling, but this requires patient cooperation, which consumes additional treatment time and cost.

Effects of Poly(Amidoamine) Dendrimer-Coated Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles on Dentin Remineralization.

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is one of the most common clinical conditions usually associated with exposed dentinal surfaces. In this study, we identified the effectiveness of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer-coated mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBN) (PAMAM@MBN) on DH treatment, examining the ion-releasing effect, dentin remineralization, and the occluding effect of dentinal tubules. We synthesized MBN and PAMAM@MBN.

Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Immunomodulatory Therapeutics.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to possess regulatory functions on immune cells which make them alternative therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The interaction between MSCs and immune cells through paracrine factors might be crucial for these immunomodulatory effects of MSCs. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are defined as bilayer membrane structures including exosomes and microvesicles which contain bioactive paracrine molecules affecting the characteristics of target cells.

Zoledronate Enhances Osteocyte-Mediated Osteoclast Differentiation by IL-6/RANKL Axis.

Bisphosphonates are one of the most widely used synthetic pyrophosphate analogues for the treatment of bone resorbing diseases such as osteoporosis, multiple myeloma, and bone metastases. Although the therapeutic usefulness of bisphosphonates mainly depends on their anti-osteoclastogenic effect, a severe side-effect of bisphosphonates called bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) could not be explained by the anti-osteoclastogenic effect of bisphosphonates. In the present study, we have evaluated the changes in osteoclastogenesis- or osteoblastogenesis-supporting activities of osteocytes induced by bisphosphonates.

Crosstalk between Fisetin-induced Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Fisetin (3,3-,4-,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a naturally occurring flavonoid, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a 5-year survival rate lower than that of most other carcinomas, and can create functional and aesthetic problems for the patient. New therapies for OSCC are necessary, and treatment using plant-derived natural substances has recently become a trend.