Fabrication and evaluation of chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers for co-delivery of paclitaxel and PD-L1 siRNA.

This study aimed to develop a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) capable of co-delivering paclitaxel (PTX) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) to enhance PTX bioavailability and bolster immunity through PD-L1 knockdown. We prepared a PTX-loaded NLC (P-NLC) and coated it with positively charged chitosan (Chi) to create P-NLC-Chi, which was subsequently conjugated to siRNA (P-NLC-Chi-siRNA). The P-NLC-Chi formulation was optimized using the Box-Behnken design.

Acute toxicity assessment and QSAR modeling of zebrafish embryos exposed to methyl paraben and its halogenated byproducts.

Halogenated methyl parabens are formed readily during water chlorination, with or without bromide ion presence. However, research gaps persist in in vivo toxicological assessments of vertebrates exposed to halo-MePs. To address this gap, this study evaluated acute toxicities at 24-96 h-post-fertilization in zebrafish embryos exposed to methyl paraben and its mono- or di-halogenated derivatives, using various apical endpoints.

METTL3-regulated m6A modification of lncRNA E230001N04Rik is involved in myofibroblast differentiation in arsenic-induced pulmonary fibrosis through promoting senescence of lung epithelial cells.

Arsenic is a toxic agent that causes respiratory damage. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding transcripts that adsorb specific miRNAs and regulate biological processes of human diseases. N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is an internal modification of RNAs.

Allergic potential & molecular mechanism of skin sensitization of cinnamaldehyde under environmental UVB exposure.

Fragrance, a key ingredient in cosmetics, often triggers skin allergy causes rashes, itching, dryness, and cracked or scaly skin. Cinnamaldehyde (CA), derived from the bark of the cinnamon tree, used as a fragrance and is a moderate skin sensitizer. CA exhibits strong UVB absorption, its allergic potential and the molecular mechanisms underlying skin sensitization under UVB exposure remain largely unexplored.

The impact of blood pressure lowering agents on the risk of worsening frailty among patients with diabetes mellitus: a cohort study.

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at risk of developing frailty, but studies rarely addressed risk factors for frailty worsening. We investigated whether blood pressure (BP)-lowering agents influenced such risk in these patients. Adults with type 2 DM were identified from National Taiwan University Hospital, with the primary outcome, the worsening of frailty by ≧1 score increase of FRAIL scale determined.

Effect of Frail Phenotype on Cardiorenal Risk and Healthcare Utilization in Older Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: Limited data have addressed frailty's role in cardiorenal risk among older adult patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated whether frailty could predict major renal and cardiovascular events, healthcare utilization, and mortality in these patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort enrolling patients aged ≥75 years with a stable estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.

Non-clinical safety evaluation of Yongdamsagan-tang water extract: A 13-week subchronic oral toxicity study in Sprague Dawley rats.

Despite the continued clinical application of traditional herbal medicines, scientific evidence such as toxicological safety profile of Yongdamsagan-tang water extract (YSTW) has not yet been established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential toxicity profile of YSTW following a 13-week repeated oral administration at various concentrations to Sprague Dawley rats. YSTW was administered orally to rats once daily at doses of 0, 1000, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg bw/day for 13 weeks.

Nanoarchitectonics of tunable aminosalicylate sodium encapsulated gold nanoparticles enabling multi-faceted role as capping, reducing, stabilizing and colorimetric detection of metal ions.

Despite all the advancements in aqueous synthesis of gold nanoparticles, certain features like one-pot/one-step method with minimal reactants using greener solvents are still demanding. The challenge in the aqueous phase synthesis is to balance the nucleation and precise growth of nanoparticles avoiding aggregation. In this work, we report a unique versatile unexplored molecule aminosalicylate sodium (Na-4-ASA) which functions as a capping, reducing, stabilizing and more interestingly as an encapsulating agent for gold nanoparticles.

Cocktail effects of clothianidin and imidacloprid in zebrafish embryonic development, with high and low concentrations of mixtures.

There is growing concern that sprayed neonicotinoid pesticides () persist in mixed forms in the environmental soil and water systems, and these concerns stem from reports of increase in both the detection frequency and concentration of these pollutants. To confirm the toxic effects of , we conducted toxicity tests on two , clothianidin (CLO) and imidacloprid (IMD), in embryos of zebrafish. Toxicity tests were performed with two different types of mixtures: potential mixture compounds and realistic mixture compounds.

Development and validation of multiresidue analysis method for biomonitoring of pesticides and metabolites in human blood and urine by LC-QToF-MS.

The widespread use of pesticides and their consequential presence in the environment is a growing concern due to the harmful health effects associated with pesticide exposure. For clinical and toxicology laboratories, a method for simultaneously determining these compounds and their metabolic products in body fluids, such as blood and urine, is important. In the present study, a rapid, sensitive and simultaneous LC-QToF-MS method for detecting multiclass pesticides and metabolites in blood and urine samples has been developed and validated.

Chemical composition, mutagenicity, and cytotoxicity of urban submicron particulate matter (PM) in Agra, India.

This study, conducted in Agra, India, examined the mass concentrations, chemical compositions, and seasonal variations of submicron particles (PM). The concentrations of metals, water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIs) including anions (F, Cl, NO₃, SO₄) and cations (Ca, K, Mg, NH₄, Na), organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM extract were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Ion Chromatography, Thermogravimetric Analysis and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) respectively. For morphological observation of PM particles, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry (FESEM-EDS) was used.

Imperatorin ameliorates ferroptotic cell death, inflammation, and renal fibrosis in a unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model.

Background: Imperatorin is a naturally occurring furocoumarin derivative found in traditional Chinese medicine Angelica dahurica for its anticancer, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic properties. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue, characterized by a high prevalence, significant morbidity and mortality, and a range of related complications.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the protective effects of imperatorin treatment and the specific underlying mechanisms in progressive CKD.

Anti-Amnesic Effect of on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice.

, a traditional Asian herbal medicine, is primarily used for digestive problems; yet, its cognitive benefits remain unexplored. This study evaluated the anti-amnesic effects of extract (ARE) on scopolamine (SCO)-induced memory impairment in mice. Mice received 100 or 200 mg/kg ARE orally for 5 days, followed by SCO injection.

Development of the PD9-9 Monoclonal Antibody for Identifying Porcine Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells.

The purpose of this study was to develop a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that can identify porcine dendritic cells (DCs) that have differentiated from bone marrow progenitor cells. Hybridoma technology was used to obtain mAbs, and bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) were employed as immunogens for producing antibodies. The generated PD9-9 mAbs exhibited considerable reactivity towards porcine BMDCs with applications in flow cytometry and immunostaining.

Protective Effects of Crotonis Semen Extract against Sepsis through NF-κB Pathway Inhibition.

Sepsis is an inflammatory condition causing organ failure due to an uncontrolled immune response to infection and remains a significant challenge. Crotonis Semen has displayed various pharmacological effects, yet its potential in protecting against sepsis and the mechanisms involved remains largely unclear. Here, we explored the antiseptic properties of Crotons Semen extract (CSE) in both LPS-stimulated J774 macrophages and mice subjected to sepsis through Cecal ligation and Puncture (CLP) or LPS induction.

Biodistribution of synthesized polyethylene terephthalate fibers in adult zebrafish, their sex hormone disruption effect, and mitigation using natural organic matter.

Although polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers are a representative form of plastic pollutants, studies on their toxicity are currently limited compared to other plastic types. Moreover, the effect of natural organic matter (NOM) on their toxicity has not been investigated. In this study, female and male adult zebrafish were exposed to synthesized PET fibers at concentrations of 0.