Competitive Pasture Species to Suppress the Growth of Annual Riceflower ( Lindl.) at Different Planting Densities and Spatial Arrangements.

This study assessed the effectiveness of four competitive pasture species-Premier digit grass ( Steud. var. Premier), Rhodes grass ( Kunth.

Comparative Analysis of Mechanistic and Correlative Models for Global and Bhutan-Specific Suitability of Parthenium Weed and Vulnerability of Agriculture in Bhutan.

Parthenium weed ( L.) is one of the most noxious and fast-spreading invasive alien species, posing a major threat to ecosystems, agriculture, and public health worldwide. Mechanistic and correlative species distribution models are commonly employed to determine the potential habitat suitability of parthenium weed.

Plant growth regulators improve the yield of white lupin (Lupinus albus) by enhancing the plant morpho-physiological functions and photosynthesis under salt stress.

Background: White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is a multi-purpose, climate resilient, pulse crop with exceptionally high protein content that makes it a suitable alternative of soybean in livestock feed. Although white lupin grows well on marginal sandy soils, previous studies have reported its sensitivity towards salinity stress.

Unraveling the Ecological Niche Signals of : Insights from Mediterranean Landscapes.

Verticillium wilt (VW), caused by the soilborne plant pathogenic fungus , is a major disease affecting olive crops globally. In view of the lack of effective postinfection treatments, exclusion and avoidance strategies are essential in disease management. Assessing the risks posed by this pathogen is essential to prevent the spread and to ensure selection of suitable sites for new plantations.

Genetic mapping of stripe rust resistance in a geographically diverse barley collection and selected biparental populations.

Barley stripe or yellow rust (BYR) caused by f. sp. () is a significant constraint to barley production.

Variations Among Crop Seasons and Inoculum Availability Have a Higher Impact on Grapevine Rust Epidemics than Training Systems or Plastic Cover.

Canopy management practices can be effective as part of the integrated management of grapevine diseases. This study aimed to determine whether training systems and plastic covers can contribute to prevent Asian grapevine leaf rust (AGLR) development. Additionally, the influence of crop season and inoculum availability on AGLR development was investigated.

Unraveling the celiac disease-related immunogenic complexes in a set of wheat and tritordeum genotypes: implications for low-gluten precision breeding in cereal crops.

The development of low-gluten immunogenic cereal varieties is a suitable way to fight the increment of pathologies associated with the consumption of cereals. Although RNAi and CRISPR/Cas technologies were effective in providing low-gluten wheat, the regulatory framework, particularly in the European Union, is an obstacle to the short- or medium-term implementation of such lines. In the present work, we carried out a high throughput amplicon sequencing of two highly immunogenic complexes of wheat gliadins in a set of bread and durum wheat, and tritordeum genotypes.

RNAi silencing of wheat gliadins alters the network of transcription factors that regulate the synthesis of seed storage proteins toward maintaining grain protein levels.

Gluten proteins are responsible for the unique viscoelastic properties of wheat dough, but they also trigger the immune response in celiac disease patients. RNA interference (RNAi) wheat lines with strongly silenced gliadins were obtained to reduce the immunogenic response of wheat. The E82 line presents the highest reduction of gluten, but other grain proteins increased, maintaining a total nitrogen content comparable to that of the wild type.

Comparative characterization of the gluten and fructan contents of breads from industrial and artisan bakeries: a study of food products in the Spanish market.

Background: The consumption of wheat/gluten is associated with adverse reactions for human health. Gluten and fructans are identified as the major compounds triggering and worsening adverse reactions to wheat, which are increasing, and as a consequence, avoidance of gluten/wheat is the common strategy of many individuals of the western population. Although bread is a product of daily consumption, there is a lack of information on the gluten and fructan contents and the influence of artisanal or industrial processes.

Deciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments.

Oat, , is an important crop traditionally grown in cool-temperate regions. However, its cultivated area in the Mediterranean rim steadily increased during the last 20 years due to its good adaptation to a wide range of soils. Nevertheless, under Mediterranean cultivation conditions, oats have to face high temperatures and drought episodes that reduce its yield as compared with northern regions.

Role of Glucosinolates in the Nutraceutical Potential of Selected Cultivars of .

L. subsp. (turnip greens), a traditionally consumed vegetable, is well-known due to its high content of glucosinolates, which are secondary metabolites with a positive biological activity for human health.

Health-Promoting Properties of Borage Seed Oil Fractionated by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction.

Borage ( L.) seed oil is an important source of γ-linolenic acid, which is normally used as a treatment against different pathologies. Since the fractionation of this interesting seed oil has many environmental, economic and biological benefits, two borage fractionation techniques after extraction with CO under supercritical conditions have been studied: precipitation in two cyclone separators and countercurrent extraction column.

Agronomic and Metabolomic Side-Effects of a Divergent Selection for Indol-3-Ylmethylglucosinolate Content in Kale ( var. ).

var. (kale) is a cruciferous vegetable widely cultivated for its leaves and flower buds in Europe and a food of global interest as a "superfood". crops accumulate phytochemicals called glucosinolates (GSLs) which play an important role in plant defense against biotic stresses.

First report of Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae on Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) in Iran.

Russian olive, also known as, Persian olive or oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) is a species in the Elaeagnaceae family native to western and central Asia. In some orchards in Iran, intercropping Russian olive or Prunus trees with vegetables is a common practice.

GhbHLH18 negatively regulates fiber strength and length by enhancing lignin biosynthesis in cotton fibers.

Cotton fibers are developed epidermal cells of the seed coat and contain large amounts of cellulose and minor lignin-like components. Lignin in the cell walls of cotton fibers effectively provides mechanical strength and is also presumed to restrict fiber elongation and secondary cell wall synthesis. To analyze the effect of lignin and lignin-like phenolics on fiber quality and the transcriptional regulation of lignin synthesis in cotton fibers, we characterized the function of a bHLH transcription factor, GhbHLH18, during fiber elongation stage.

Fatty Acid Profile Changes During Gradual Soil Water Depletion in Oats Suggests a Role for Jasmonates in Coping With Drought.

Although often investigated within the context of plant growth and development and/or seed composition, plant lipids have roles in responses to environment. To dissect changes in lipid and fatty acid composition linked to drought tolerance responses in oats, we performed a detailed profiling of (>90) different lipids classes during a time course of water stress. We used two oat cultivars, Flega and Patones previously characterized as susceptible and tolerant to drought, respectively.

The genus Datura L. (Solanaceae) in Mexico and Spain - Ethnobotanical perspective at the interface of medical and illicit uses.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The different species of the genus Datura have been used traditionally by some pre-Columbian civilizations, as well as in medieval rituals linked to magic and witchcraft in both Mexico and Europe. It is also noteworthy the use of different alkaloids obtained from the plants for medicinal purposes in the treatment of various groups of diseases, especially of the respiratory and muscularskeletal systems.

Aim Of The Study: A review of the ethnobotanical uses of the genus Datura in Mexico and Spain has been conducted.

Rapid and Cost-Effective Quantification of Glucosinolates and Total Phenolic Content in Rocket Leaves by Visible/Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

The potential of visible-near infrared spectroscopy to predict glucosinolates and total phenolic content in rocket () leaves has been evaluated. Accessions of the species were scanned by NIRS as ground leaf, and their reference values regressed against different spectral transformations by modified partial least squares (MPLS) regression. The coefficients of determination in the external validation (R²VAL) for the different quality components analyzed in rocket ranged from 0.

A simple and rapid HPLC-DAD method for simultaneously monitoring the accumulation of alkaloids and precursors in different parts and different developmental stages of Catharanthus roseus plants.

A rapid and simple reversed phase liquid chromatographic system has been developed for simultaneous analysis of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) and their precursors. This method allowed separation of 11 compounds consisting of eight TIAs (ajmalicine, serpentine, catharanthine, vindoline, vindolinine, vincristine, vinblastine, and anhydrovinblastine) and three related precursors i.e.

Cancer Prevention and Health Benefices of Traditionally Consumed Borago officinalis Plants.

Nowadays, healthy eating is increasing the demand of functional foods by societies as sources of bioactive products with healthy qualities. For this reason, we tested the safety of the consumption of Borago officinalis L. and its main phenolic components as well as the possibility of its use as a nutraceutical plant to help in cancer prevention.

Antigenotoxicity and Tumor Growing Inhibition by Leafy Brassica carinata and Sinigrin.

Cruciferous vegetables are well known and worldwide consumed due to their health benefits and cancer prevention properties. As a desirable cruciferous plant, Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) and its glucosinolate sinigrin were tested in the in vivo Drosophila melanogaster (SMART) and the in vitro HL60 (human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line) systems.

Exogenous salicylic acid protects phospholipids against cadmium stress in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.).

Salicylic acid (SA) promotes plant defense responses against toxic metal stresses. The present study addressed the hypothesis that 8-h SA pretreatment, would alter membrane lipids in a way that would protect against Cd toxicity. Flax seeds were pre-soaked for 8h in SA (0, 250 and 1000µM) and then subjected, at seedling stage, to cadmium (Cd) stress.

Functional analysis of the seed coat-specific gene GbMYB2 from cotton.

MYB transcription factors are essential for cotton fiber development. We isolated the R2R3-MYB gene GbMYB2 from Gossypium barbadense. RNA in situ hybridization analysis showed that GbMYB2 is mainly expressed in the outer integuments of cotton ovules and in elongating fibers.

A cotton annexin protein AnxGb6 regulates fiber elongation through its interaction with actin 1.

Annexins are assumed to be involved in regulating cotton fiber elongation, but direct evidence remains to be presented. Here we cloned six Annexin genes (AnxGb) abundantly expressed in fiber from sea-island cotton (G. barbadense).