Efficacy of Blood Flow Restriction Exercise for Improving Lower Limb Muscle Strength and Function in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-load (LL) blood flow restriction exercise (BFRE) for improving lower limb muscle strength, muscle thickness and physical function in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). In a randomized sham-controlled trial, 21 participants (age ≥ 18 years, SCI duration ≥ 1 year, knee extensor strength grade 2-4, ASIA A-D) were randomized to either 45-min LL-BFRE (n = 11) or sham BFRE (n = 10) twice/week for 8 weeks. The exercise protocol consisted of four sets (30 × 15 × 15 × 15 repetitions) of unilateral seated leg extensions and leg curls at 30%-40% of 1RM performed with pneumatic cuffs applied proximally on the trained limb and inflated to 40% of total arterial occlusion pressure (BFRE) or non-inflated (sham exercise).

Effect of exercise referral schemes and self-management strategies on healthcare service utilisation among community-dwelling older adults: secondary analyses of two randomised controlled trials.

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore whether offering an integrated self-management strategy and exercise referral scheme intervention (ERS+SMS) or a stand-alone ERS intervention is more effective in reducing healthcare service utilisation among community-dwelling older adults over time compared with a stand-alone SMS/control intervention.

Design: Secondary analyses of two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with linkage to Danish national health registries.

Setting: Three Danish municipalities: Esbjerg, Slagelse and Odense.

The Impact of Education Level on Weight Loss in a Primary Care-Anchored eHealth Lifestyle Coaching Program in Denmark: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

In a randomized controlled trial including 340 people living with obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes, digital coaching has induced significant long-term weight loss compared to the usual methods of care. We investigated whether education level influenced this weight loss and which lifestyle changes supported the digital lifestyle coaching program. The intervention consisted of a 1 h face-to-face motivational interview followed by digital coaching using behavioral change techniques.

The effectiveness of social-support-based weight-loss interventions-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of social-support-based weight-loss interventions in adult populations with excess weight or obesity.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials that reported on the effectiveness of weight-loss interventions which incorporated a social connectedness component. To this end, we conducted a rigorous database search of MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane, and PubMed for relevant articles.

Treatment for Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear in Young Active Adults.

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury of the knee is common in young active adults and often has severe and sometimes lifelong consequences. The clinical management of this injury remains debated. A prior trial of early versus delayed optional ACL repair showed no differences in outcomes at 2 years.

Safety and efficacy of blood flow restriction exercise in individuals with neurological disorders: A systematic review.

Objectives: This systematic review evaluated the safety and efficacy of blood flow restriction exercise (BFRE) on skeletal muscle size, strength, and functional performance in individuals with neurological disorders (ND).

Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase. Two researchers independently assessed eligibility and performed data extraction and quality assessments.

Nature-based rehabilitation-experiences from patients with acquired brain injury: an explorative qualitative study.

Purpose: Nature has been found to improve and promote health and prevent disease. Nature-based rehabilitation (NBR) delivered as part of neurorehabilitation is a developing approach. Yet to date the research is sparse.

30 years with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).

This narrative review describes the development and use of patient-reported outcomes over 30 years, focusing on the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). KOOS is a five-subscale patient-reported instrument intended for use from the time of knee injury to the development of osteoarthritis. Numerous studies have confirmed that the psychometric properties of the KOOS and its short-form KOOS-12 are acceptable.

Do young people perceive their smartphone addiction as problematic? A study in Danish university college students.

As smartphone addiction has been linked to poor mental health and lower levels of physical activity, it is of public health interest to explore the behavior behind problematic smartphone use and develop interventions to reduce smartphone use. This study aimed to investigate the risk of smartphone addiction and examine perceived problematic smartphone behavior among university college students. This online survey conducted amongst 1251 Danish University College students studied smartphone addiction in conjunction with physical- and mental health dimensions.

Occupational and Physiotherapy modalities used to support interdisciplinary rehabilitation after concussion: A Scoping Review.

Objective: To identify and describe occupational and physiotherapy rehabilitation modalities used to support an interdisciplinary rehabilitation in adults (aged 16 + years) with concussion.

Methods: A scoping review methodology was used. Included studies were categorized according to Wade's elements of rehabilitation and the Danish White Paper definition of rehabilitation.

Suitability of the animated activity questionnaire for use as computer adaptive test: establishing the AAQ-CAT.

Purpose: The animated activity questionnaire (AAQ) is a computer-based measure of activity limitations. To answer a question, patients choose the animation of a person performing an activity that matches their own level of limitation. The AAQ has not yet been tested for suitability to be applied as computer-adaptive test (CAT).

Mapping interventional components and behavior change techniques used to promote self-management in people with multimorbidity: a scoping review.

Ageing populations and improved survival, have contributed to a rise in the number of people living with multimorbidity, raising issues related to polypharmacy, treatment burden, competing priorities and poor coordination of care. Self-management programs are increasingly included as an essential component of interventions to improve outcomes in this population. However, an overview of how interventions supporting self-management in patients with multimorbidity is missing.

Mind the gap: Danish school heads' ability to implement a national physical activity school requirement.

In 2014, the Danish government introduced a wide-ranging reform of primary and lower secondary education that applied to all public schools. A distinctive feature was that it became mandatory for schools to provide an average of 45 min of daily physical activity (PA). The capacity for change of local school heads and the schools overall are considered key to fulfilling such a policy-driven requirement.

Isokinetic arm and shoulder muscle torque-velocity characteristics in mobility limited children and adolescents with spina bifida.

Introduction: Propulsive wheelchair capacity may be influenced by arm muscle performance. To determine whether children and adolescent wheelchair-users with spina bifida show reduced arm muscle strength compared to their typically developing peers and to compare muscle strength data obtained by isokinetic and handheld dynamometry (HHD).

Methods: Participants (mean age 12.

Physicians' vs patients' global assessments of disease activity in rheumatology and musculoskeletal trials: A meta-research project with focus on reasons for discrepancies.

Background: In most rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs), global assessments of disease activity by physicians and patients are 'anchor outcomes' in therapeutic trials evaluating whether a treatment is effective.

Objectives: To compare physicians' vs patients' global assessments of disease activity in RMD trials and explore reasons for discrepancies between them.

Methods: Eligible trials were sampled from systematic reviews of treatments for RMDs by using the Cochrane database of systematic reviews (i.

Effects of remote ischemic conditioning on cognitive performance: A systematic review.

The aging process leads to subtle decline in cognitive function, and in some overt dementia. Like physical activity Remote Ischemic Conditioning (RIC) may ameliorate these changes on cognitive impairment in humans. The purpose of this study was to compared the effects of single, repeated short-term and long-term treatment RIC, and analyze its effect registered as immediate vs.

Physical Activity for Children and Youth with Physical Disabilities: A Case Study on Implementation in the Municipality Setting.

Children and youth with disabilities participate less in physical activity (PA) than their peers. This qualitative multiple-case study aimed to assess how municipal practices support PA implementation for these children and youth. A total of 23 interviews were conducted, which covered participants from different departments and professional positions in two municipalities.

Care-seeking behaviour of adolescents with patellofemoral pain: a retrospective cohort study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the care-seeking behaviour among adolescents with patellofemoral pain (PFP).

Methods: This retrospective study included data on 121 adolescents with PFP enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. A questionnaire was sent to the general practitioner (GP) of each adolescent, assessing information on the consultation dates for knee pain, potential diagnoses, and treatment provided.

Clinicians' beliefs and attitudes to physical activity and exercise therapy as treatment for knee and/or hip osteoarthritis: a scoping review.

Objective: To explore clinicians' attitudes and beliefs about physical activity and exercise therapy as treatment for individuals with knee and/or hip osteoarthritis (OA).

Method: This was a scoping review, mapping available knowledge about the topic derived from qualitative research designs and methods. A comprehensive search of selected databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE; CINAHL; Web of Science) was conducted and data were analysed thematically.

Changes in systemic GDF15 across the adult lifespan and their impact on maximal muscle power: the Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study.

Background: Although growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is known to increase with disease and is associated with low physical performance, the role of GDF15 in normal ageing is still not fully understood. Specifically, the influence of circulating GDF15 on impairments in maximal muscle power (a major contributor to functional limitations) and the underlying components has not been investigated.

Methods: Data from 1305 healthy women and men aged 20 to 93 years from The Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study were analysed.

Fidelity, tolerability and safety of acute high-intensity interval training after hospitalisation for COVID-19: a randomised cross-over trial.

Objectives: Many patients with COVID-19 suffer from persistent symptoms, many of which may potentially be reversed by high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Yet, the safety and tolerability of HIIT after COVID-19 is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the fidelity, tolerability and safety of three different HIIT protocols in individuals that had recently been hospitalised due to COVID-19.

Placebo response and effect in randomized clinical trials: meta-research with focus on contextual effects.

Background: Contextual effects (i.e., placebo response) refer to all health changes resulting from administering an apparently inactive treatment.