Effects of dynamic resistance training on postexercise hypotension and its mechanisms in hypertensive men.

Background: A possible chronic effect of exercise training is the attenuation of the acute decrease in blood pressure (BP) observed after the execution of a session of exercise [i.e. called postexercise hypotension (PEH)].

The role of motivation in selection processes-comparing sports and business.

Talent identification and selection in sports pose significant challenges, necessitating a nuanced understanding of factors influencing athletes' elite-level potential. While physical and physiological aspects have conventionally played roles in the selection process, also other constructs of talent development have to be considered. Various talent models have included psychological aspects, especially motivation, as either moderators or catalysts.

Effects of dynamic, isometric, and combined resistance training on ambulatory blood pressure in treated men with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial.

Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring is a widespread recommendation for the diagnosis and management of hypertension. Dynamic resistance training (DRT) and isometric handgrip training (IHT) have been recommended for hypertension treatment, but their effects on ABP have been poorly studied. Additionally, combined dynamic and isometric handgrip resistance training (CRT) could produce an additive effect that has yet to be tested.

Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS).

Background: Teachers are recognized as 'key agents' for the delivery of physical activity programs and policies in schools. The aim of our study was to develop and evaluate a tool to assess teachers' capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver school-based physical activity interventions.

Methods: The development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS) involved three phases.

Effects of Single Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Meal Consumption on Postprandial Lipemia and Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.

Context: Postprandial lipemia (PPL) is associated with increased risk of endothelial dysfunction (ED), a precursor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The effects of low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diets on ASCVD risk are uncertain; therefore, gaining a greater understanding of LCHF meals on PPL may provide valuable insights.

Objective: The current systematic review investigated the effects of single LCHF meal consumption on PPL and markers of ED.

Circulating adrenal and gonadal steroid hormones heterogeneity in active young males and the contribution of 11-oxy androgens.

The classical androgens, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, together with dehydroepiandrosterone, the precusrsor to all androgens, are generally included in diagnostic steroid evaluations of androgen excess and deficiency disorders and monitored in androgen replacement and androgen suppressive therapies. The C11-oxy androgens also contribute to androgen excess disorders and are still often excluded from clinical and research-based steroids analysis. The contribution of the C11-oxy androgens to the androgen pool has not been considered in androgen deficiency.

Improving the Acceptability and Implementation of Information and Communication Technology-Based Health Care Platforms for Older People With Dementia or Parkinson Disease: Qualitative Study Results of Key Stakeholders.

Background: The management of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) in older populations is usually demanding and involves care provision by various health care services, resulting in a greater burden on health care systems in terms of costs and resources. The convergence of various health services within integrated health care models, which are enabled and adopted jointly with information and communication technologies (ICTs), has been identified as an effective alternative health care solution. However, its widespread implementation faces formidable challenges.

Effect of additional tasks on the reaction time of braking responses in simulated car driving: beyond the PRP effect.

The presentation of one task increases the reaction time on a subsequent task, if stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between tasks is short. This psychological refractory period (PRP) effect is typically leveling off as SOA approaches 1 s, which has been documented both in classical laboratory paradigms and in simulated car driving. Here we report a more persistent effect on the subsequent task that goes well beyond the typical duration of the PRP effect.

Force Fluctuations During Role-Differentiated Bimanual Movements Reflect Cognitive Impairments in Older Adults: A Cohort Sequential Study.

During role-differentiated bimanual movements (RDBM), an object is typically stabilized with 1 hand and manipulated with the other. RDBM require coupling both hands for coordinated action (achieved through interhemispheric connections), but also inhibition of crosstalk to avoid involuntary movements in the stabilizing hand. We investigated how healthy cognitive aging and mild cognitive impairments (MCI) affect force stabilization during an RDBM in a cohort sequential study design with up to 4 measurement points over 32 months.

Chronic exercise effects on overall depression severity and distinct depressive symptoms in older adults: A protocol of a systematic and meta-analytic review.

Introduction: There is high evidence that chronic exercise benefits overall depression severity in older adults. However, late-life depression is characterized by considerable heterogeneity in clinical manifestation emphasizing the need for more individualized exercise intervention programs. Therefore, the objective of the proposed review is to investigate the effects of chronic exercise on overall depression severity and on different symptoms of depression in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including older adults with a mean age of at least 60 years, and by considering the moderating effects of intervention characteristics and individual characteristics.

Epidemiology, etiology and prevention of injuries in competitive ice speed skating-limited current evidence, multiple future priorities: A scoping review.

Long-track and short-track ice speed skating are integral to the Winter Olympics. The state of evidence-based injury prevention in these sports is unclear. Our goals were to summarize the current scientific knowledge, to determine the state of research, and to highlight future research areas for injury prevention in ice speed skating.

Effects of chronic physical exercise on executive functions and episodic memory in clinical and healthy older adult populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Background: Executive functions (EFs) and episodic memory are fundamental components of cognition that deteriorate with age and are crucial for independent living. While numerous reviews have explored the effect of exercise on these components in old age, these reviews screened and analyzed selected older adult populations, or specific exercise modes, thus providing only limited answers to the fundamental question on the effect of exercise on cognition in old age. This article describes the protocol for a systematic review and multilevel meta-analytic study aiming at evaluating the effectiveness of different types of chronic exercise in improving and/or maintaining EFs and long-term episodic memory in older adults.

Unveiling the invisible: receivers use object weight cues for grip force planning in handover actions.

Handover actions are part of our daily lives. Whether it is the milk carton at the breakfast table or tickets at the box office, we usually perform these joint actions without much conscious attention. The individual actions involved in handovers, that have already been studied intensively at the level of individual actions, are grasping, lifting, and transporting objects.

Maintain your mind, maintain your focus: Effects of focused attention and intensity in experienced runners.

The intensity that people choose for their endurance activities has a major influence on their affective experience. Furthermore, the direction of attention (e.g.

Determining the definition and components of successful soccer referee performance.

There has been little work examining the intricacies of what makes a soccer referee successful. The aim of this study was to determine what the definition of a successful referee performance is and what are the characteristics of a successful referee from a broad range of stakeholders in Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Professional Referees Organisation (PRO). The study used Delphi methodology to ask 6 MLS General Managers, 2 MLS Coaches,1 MLS League Officer, 4 PRO Referees and 10 PRO Assistant Referees, 8 PRO Staff and 5 PRO Assessors, and 2 PRO2 Referees two questions: 1.

The type 1 submovement conundrum: an investigation into the function of velocity zero-crossings within two-component aiming movements.

In rapid manual aiming, traditional wisdom would have it that two components manifest from feedback-based processes, where error accumulated within the primary submovement can be corrected within the secondary submovement courtesy of online sensory feedback. In some aiming contexts, there are more type 1 submovements (overshooting) compared to types 2 and 3 submovements (undershooting), particularly for more rapid movements. These particular submovements have also been attributed to a mechanical artefact involving movement termination and stabilisation.

Motor skill competence and moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity: a linear and non-linear cross-sectional analysis of eight pooled trials.

Background: Few studies have examined the relationship between motor skill competence and device-measured physical activity in large samples and none have used non-linear modelling. This study assessed the linear and non-linear associations between motor skill competence and physical activity in children using pooled data from eight studies.

Methods: Cross-sectional ActiGraph accelerometer and motor skills competence data from 988 children (50.

A systematic review of the relationship between muscle oxygen dynamics and energy rich phosphates. Can NIRS help?

Background: Phosphocreatine dynamics provide the gold standard evaluation of in-vivo mitochondrial function and is tightly coupled with oxygen availability. Low mitochondrial oxidative capacity has been associated with health issues and low exercise performance.

Methods: To evaluate the relationship between near-infrared spectroscopy-based muscle oxygen dynamics and magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based energy-rich phosphates, a systematic review of the literature related to muscle oxygen dynamics and energy-rich phosphates was conducted.