Uptake and accumulation of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in a soil-ginseng system and toxicological mechanisms on ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer).

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is regarded as a priority environmental pollutant. This study explored the adsorption and accumulation of DEHP within the ginseng-soil system and the mechanism of DEHP toxicity to ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.

A method for screening CDV microneutralization activity in microvolume samples.

Objective: This study aims to establish a screening method for canine distemper virus (CDV) microneutralizing activity suitable for microvolume samples.

Methods: This method is based on the Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) established on Vero-slam cells. First, by comparing the sensitivities of CDV neutralizing monoclonal antibody (1C42H11) and NP protein monoclonal antibody (CDV-NP) in IFA experiments, CDV-NP was selected as the primary antibody.

hypovirulent strain △ induced defense.

Background: Gray mold, caused by , is one of the major fungal diseases in agriculture. Biological methods are preferred over chemical fungicides to control gray mold since they are less toxic to the environment and could induce the resistance to pathogens in plants. In this work, we try to understand if ginseng defense to could be induced by fungal hypovirulent strain △.

TaRLK-6A promotes Fusarium crown rot resistance in wheat.

The plasma membrane-localized phytosulfokine receptor-like protein TaRLK-6A, interacting with TaSERK1, positively regulates the expression of defense-related genes in wheat, consequently promotes host resistance to Fusarium crown rot.

The establishment and application of a dual Nano-PCR detection method for feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus type I.

Feline calicivirus (FCV) and Feline herpesvirus type I (FHV-I) are the main pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections in cats, and some wild animals. These two viruses always coinfection and cause serious harm to pet industry and wild animals protection. Established a rapid and accurate differential diagnosis method is crucial for prevention and control of disease, however, the current main detection method for these two viruses, either is low sensitivity (immunochromatographic strip), or is time-consuming and cannot differential diagnosis (conventional single PCR).

Flavor Quality Analysis of Ten Fruits Based on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Headspace Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry.

is a fruit crop with high nutritional and economic value. However, its flavor quality depends on various factors, such as variety, environment, and post-harvest handling. We analyzed the composition of total soluble sugars, titratable acids, organic acids, and flavor substances in the fruits of ten varieties.

Gut Bacterial Community Determines the Therapeutic Effect of Ginsenoside on Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Modulating the Colonic Mucosal Barrier.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises systemic inflammatory conditions primarily affecting the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. This research aims to analyze the clinical symptoms and pathogenesis of a Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced canine IBD model and evaluate the restorative effect of ginsenoside from a pathogenesis perspective. We established the DSS-induced canine IBD model and studied the pathological mechanisms.

Cationic fructan-based pH and intestinal flora dual stimulation nanoparticle with berberine for targeted therapy of IBD.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can cause intestinal microbial imbalance and aggravate intestinal inflammation. Mixed fructan is more easily fermented by colonic microorganisms and can be used as colonic drug delivery materials. Here, we constructed a mixed fructan based nanoparticle with dual targeted stimulation of pH and intestinal flora to effectively deliver berberine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC).

Effect of pre-slaughter fasting time on carcass yield, blood parameters and meat quality in broilers.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-slaughter fasting time on carcass yield, meat quality, blood parameters and glucose metabolism in broilers.

Methods: Four hundred and fifty Arbor Acres (AA) broilers at 42 days of age were divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 15 chickens as one replicate. Following this period, broilers from each group were distributed among five groups according to preslaughter fasting period as 4, 8, 12, 16, or 20 h.

Nodakenin alleviates ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis by modulating osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis.

Osteoporosis, a systemic bone disease defined by decreased bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, is becoming a global concern. Nodakenin (NK) is a furanocoumarin-like compound isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Radix Angelicae biseratae (RAB). NK has been reported to have various pharmacological activities, but osteoporosis has not been reported to be affected by NK.

Therapeutic mechanisms of ginseng in coronary heart disease.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common clinical manifestation of cardiovascular disease. It is characterized by myocardial ischemia, which is caused by coronary atherosclerosis. CHD is a significant global health problem with increasing prevalence every year because of significant changes in the lifestyles and diets.

Analysis of Volatile Components in Dried Fruits and Branch Exudates of with Different Fruit Colors Using GC-IMS Technology.

To investigate the volatile components of (Turcz.) Bail (commonly known as northern ) of different colors and to explore their similarities and differences, to identify the main flavor substances in the volatile components of the branch exudates of northern , and finally to establish a fingerprint map of the volatile components of the dried fruits and branch exudates of northern of different colors, we used GC-IMS technology to analyze the volatile components of the dried fruits and branch exudates of three different colors of northern Schisandra and established a fingerprint spectra. The results showed that a total of 60 different volatile chemical components were identified in the branch exudates and dried fruits of .

Effects of Leaf Extract on the Growth Performance, Fur-Production, Serum Parameters, and Intestinal Microbiota of Raccoon Dogs.

leaves are rich in flavonoids and polysaccharides, which offer high medicinal and nutritional benefits. This study aimed to investigate the impact of leaf extract (PLE) on the growth performance, fur quality, serum parameters, and intestinal microbiota of raccoon dogs. Sixty healthy male black raccoon dogs, aged 85 (±5) days, were randomly assigned to four groups and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.

Over-expression of IL-33 enhances rabies virus early antigen presentations and cellular immune responses in mice.

Human inactivated rabies virus (RABV) vaccines have been widely used worldwide over 30 years. The mechanisms of humoral immunity elicited by previously reported rabies candidate vaccines have been fully investigated, but little is known about the cellular immunity profiles. Herein, the recombinant RABV rLBNSE-IL-33 overexpressing the mouse interleukin-33 (IL-33) proliferated well in Neuro-2a cells and had no effects with the parent virus on growth kinetic in vitro and viral pathogenicity in mice.

DNA Vaccine Co-Expressing Hemagglutinin and IFN-γ Provides Partial Protection to Ferrets against Lethal Challenge with Canine Distemper Virus.

Canine distemper (CD), caused by canine distemper virus (CDV), is a highly contagious and lethal disease in domestic and wild carnivores. Although CDV live-attenuated vaccines have reduced the incidence of CD worldwide, low levels of protection are achieved in the presence of maternal antibodies in juvenile animals. Moreover, live-attenuated CDV vaccines may retain residual virulence in highly susceptible species and cause disease.

Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Pathogenesis of Growth-Disordered Raccoon Dog.

Microorganisms of the genus are a zoonotic chronic infectious disease with wide distribution. We found that raccoons infected with showed obvious stunting, which seriously affected the economic benefits of raccoon dogs. To investigate the pathogenesis of the raccoon dog, we used transcriptome and proteome sequencing to analyze the changes in mRNA, miRNA, and protein expression in raccoon dogs infected with and normal raccoons.

A new ocotillol-type ginsenoside from American ginseng berry.

A new ocotillol-type ginsenoside, named pseudoginsenoside F (), was isolated from American ginseng berry, whose structure was elucidated as 6--[-L-2,3-epoxy-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)--D-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-20S,24R-epoxy-3, 6,12,25-tetraol. In addition, the known alkaloids -carboline-1-carboxylic acid () and anoectochine () were isolated for the first time from the Araliaceae family. The new compound was evaluated for cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.

Comparison of heterologous prime-boost immunization strategies with DNA and recombinant vaccinia virus co-expressing GP3 and GP5 of European type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs.

Vaccination is principally used to control and treat porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. This study investigated immunogenicity and protective efficacy of heterologous prime-boost regimens in pigs, including recombinant DNA and vaccinia virus vectors coexpressing PRRSV European genotype (EU) isolate GP3 and GP5: group A, pVAX1-EU-GP3-GP5 prime and rddVTT-EU-GP3-GP5 boost; group B, rddVTT-EU-GP3-GP5 prime and pVAX1-EU-GP3-GP5 boost; group C, empty vector pVAX1; group D, E3L gene-deleted vaccinia virus E3L- VTT. Vaccine efficacy was tested in an EU-type PRRSV (Lelystad virus strain) challenge pig model based on evaluating PRRSV-specific antibody responses, neutralizing antibodies, cytokines, T lymphocyte proliferation, CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, clinical symptoms, viremia and tissue virus loads.

Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer ().

Amino acid balance is central to improving the efficiency of feed protein utilization and for reducing environmental pollution caused by intensive farming. In previous studies, supplementation with limiting amino acids has been shown to be an effective means of improving animal nutrient utilization and performance. In this experiment, the effects of methionine on the apparent digestibility of nutrients, antler nutrient composition, rumen fluid amino acid composition, fecal volatile fatty acids and intestinal bacteria in antler-growing sika deer were investigated by randomly adding different levels of methionine to the diets of three groups of four deer at 0 g/day (CON), 4 g/day (LMet) and 6 g/day (HMet).

A Bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 species genotypes circulating in China and Turkey.

Background: A Bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) is a heterogeneous species within the genus, affecting cattle and other ruminants, with economic impact on livestock production.

Aim: The study aimed to update the taxonomy of the A, BVDV-1 species and to verify the clustering of the strains reported as genotype 1v, originating from different countries.

Methods: Recently deposited strains from China, Turkey, and Iran have been evaluated by the palindromic nucleotide substitutions (PNS) genotyping method.

Discrimination for geographical origin of L. using UPLC Q-Orbitrap MS-based metabolomics approach.

American ginseng, L., is an important medicinal plant with multiple pharmacological effects and high nutritional value. American ginseng from different geographical origins varies in quality and price.

Transcriptome and metabolite analyses indicated the underlying molecular responses of Asian ginseng () toward infection.

Meyer is one of the most valuable plants and is widely used in China, while ginseng anthracnose is one of the most destructive diseases. could infect ginseng leaves and stems and causes serious anthracnose disease, but its mechanism is still unknown. Here, transcriptome and metabolism analyses of the host leaves were conducted to investigate the ginseng defense response affected by .