Bioactive Compounds in Different Buckwheat Species.

The accumulation of valuable nutrients in cereal grains depends on a number of factors, including species, cultivars, and environment conditions. The aim of this study was to compare protein, some polyphenols and rutin content, as well as mineral composition in and genotypes growing in Polish conditions. A field experiment was conducted on pseudopodsolic soil in 2017-2018 at the Experimental Station in Osiny (51°35', 21°55'), following randomized complete block method with three replications.

Mobility, ecotoxicity, bioaccumulation and sources of trace elements in the bottom sediments of the Rożnów reservoir.

The aim of the study was to use of geochemical, chemical, ecotoxicological and biological indicators for a comprehensive assessment of ecological risks related to the mobility, ecotoxicity and bioavailability of trace elements in the bottom sediment of the Rożnów reservoir. The study found three elements deserving attention in the sediments: cadmium, nickel and chromium. Cadmium proved to be the most mobile and bioavailable, although the total cadmium content and geochemical indicators did not reveal any risk to organisms.

The Roots of Rye ( L.) Are Capable of Synthesizing Benzoxazinoids.

According to current opinion, the first step of benzoxazinoids (BXs) synthesis, that is, the conversion of indole-3-glycerol phosphate to indole, occurs exclusively in the photosynthesising parts of plants. However, the results of our previous work and some other studies suggest that this process may also occur in the roots. In this study, we provide evidence that the first step of BXs synthesis does indeed occur in the roots of rye seedlings.

A Comprehensive Analysis Using Colorimetry, Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Bioassays for the Assessment of Indole Related Compounds Produced by Endophytes of Selected Wheat Cultivars.

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) colorimetry, and bioassays were employed for the evaluation of the ability of endophytic bacterial strains to synthesize indole-related compounds (IRCs) and in particular indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). A total of 54 endophytic strains belonging to seven bacterial genera isolated from tissues of common and spelt wheat cultivars were studied. The endophytic bacteria isolated from different tissues of the tested wheat types were capable of IRCs production, including IAA, which constituted from 1.

Anti-Platelet Properties of Phenolic and Nonpolar Fractions Isolated from Various Organs of (L.) A. Nelson in Whole Blood.

Sea buckthorn ( (L.) A. Nelson) is a shrub growing in coastal areas.

Creating leadership collectives for sustainability transformations.

Unlabelled: Enduring sustainability challenges requires a new model of collective leadership that embraces critical reflection, inclusivity and care. Leadership collectives can support a move in academia from metrics to merits, from a focus on career to care, and enact a shift from disciplinary to inter- and trans-disciplinary research. Academic organisations need to reorient their training programs, work ethics and reward systems to encourage collective excellence and to allow space for future leaders to develop and enact a radically re-imagined vision of how to lead as a collective with care for people and the planet.

Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant Activity, and Cytotoxicity Assessment of L. Flowers.

L. is a popular ornamental plant of the Asteraceae family, which is widely cultivated not only for its decorative use, but also for the extraction of lutein. Besides carotenoid representatives, which have been extensively studied, other important classes of secondary metabolites present in the plant, such as polyphenols, could exhibit important biological activities.

Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Hemostasis by Flavonoids from Lentil Aerial Parts.

While specific metabolites of lentil ( L.) seeds and their biological activity have been well described, other organs of this plant have attracted little scientific attention. In recent years, green parts of lentils have been shown to contain diverse acylated flavonoids.

Activity and Diversity of Microorganisms in Root Zone of Plant Species Spontaneously Inhabiting Smelter Waste Piles.

The aim was to assess plant driven changes in the activity and diversity of microorganisms in the top layer of the zinc and lead smelter waste piles. The study sites comprised two types (flotation waste-FW and slag waste-SW) of smelter waste deposits in Piekary Slaskie, Poland. Cadmium, zinc, lead, and arsenic contents in these technosols were extremely high.

Organic nitrogen modulates not only cadmium toxicity but also microbial activity in plants.

It is known that organic nitrogen may modify uptake and toxicity of metals but direct metabolic and microbial comparison of various organic N sources is not available. We therefore studied comparative impact of additional N sources (nitrate, urea or allantoin as 1 mM of N for each compound in addition to 15 mM of inorganic N in the Hoagland solution) on Cd toxicity and microbial activity in common crop cucumber. Organic N significantly elevated the growth, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity under Cd excess in comparison with inorganic N though the impact on Cd uptake was negligible.

Influence of pipe material on biofilm microbial communities found in drinking water supply system.

The biofilms and water samples from a model installation built of PVC-U, PE-HD and cast iron pipes were investigated using standard heterotrophic plate count and 16S rRNA Next Generation Sequencing. The results of the high throughput identification imply that the construction material strongly influences the microbiome composition. PVC-U and PE-HD pipes were dominated with Proteobacteria (54-60%) while the cast pipe was overgrown by Nitrospirae (64%).

Water Soldier L.-Forgotten Famine Plant With Unique Composition and Antioxidant Properties.

L. is common water plant in central Poland. Due to its expansive character, L.

Fungal Community, Metabolic Diversity, and Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins (GRSP) Content in Soil Contaminated With Crude Oil After Long-Term Natural Bioremediation.

Fungi have increased tolerance to environmental stress (also related to the access of pollutants, e.g., trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs).

The Response of Red Clover ( L.) to Separate and Mixed Inoculations with and in Presence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of co-inoculation sp. and sp. on plant ( L.

Ecotoxicological and chemical properties of the rożnów reservoir bottom sediment amended with various waste materials.

In the study, an attempt was made to create innovative mixtures based on bottom sediment and various types of waste to be tested for use as a substrate in the cultivation of consumer and non-consumer plants. The aim of the study was to assess the chemical and ecotoxicological properties of the growing medium prepared on the basis of bottom sediment (BS) and different carbon rich waste (cellulose waste (CW), biomass ash (BA), coffee hulls (CH), and sludge from water treatment (SW)) with a combination of 75% bottom sediment and 25% waste material. The mixtures had deacidifying properties, significant content of total organic carbon (TOC), the total quantities of macro- and micronutrients, and good sorption properties.

Environment and political economics: Left-wing liberalism or conservative leftism - Which is better for eco-efficiency? Evidence from Poland.

The American literature on political ecology suggests that there is a significant link between the rule of a given political party (Republicans or Democrats) on both national and local level and the environmental policy pursued. When the latter party is in power, environmental budget is larger and local governments are more likely to adopt environmentally sustainable policies. However, the political context of European countries is usually much more complex, as there exist different hybrids of economic views and core social values which so far have gathered a little attention with regard to its impact on eco-efficiency.

Screening Risk Assessment of Agricultural Areas under a High Level of Anthropopressure Based on Chemical Indexes and VIS-NIR Spectroscopy.

Intensive anthropogenic activity may result in uncontrolled release of various pollutants that ultimately accumulate in soils and may adversely affect ecosystems and human health. Hazard screening, prioritisation and subsequent risk assessment are usually performed on a chemical-by-chemical basis and need expensive and time-consuming methods. Therefore, there is a need to look for fast and reliable methods of risk assessment and contamination prediction in soils.

Transformations of Selected Toxins and Their Modified Forms During Malt Loaf Production.

An increasing number of studies have found that modified mycotoxins, such as free mycotoxins, naturally occur in food, and severely impact food safety. The present study investigated concentrations of trichothecenes nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEN), together with their modified forms, nivalenol-3-glucoside (NIV-3G), deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3G), and zearalenone-14-glucoside (ZEN-14G) and zearalenone-14-sulfate (ZEN-14S), respectively, at successive stages of malt loaf production (flour, dough kneading/fermentation, loaf baking). Toxins in bakery products originate in flour produced from wheat grain that is naturally contaminated with .

Changes in benzoxazinoid contents and the expression of the associated genes in rye (Secale cereale L.) due to brown rust and the inoculation procedure.

Benzoxazinoids (BXs) are secondary metabolites with diverse functions, but are primarily involved in protecting plants, mainly from the family Poaceae, against insects and fungal pathogens. Rye is a cereal crop that is highly resistant to biotic stresses. However, its susceptibility to brown rust caused by Puccinia recondita f.

The Impact of Organic Matter on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Availability and Persistence in Soils.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exhibit persistence in soils, and most of them are potentially mutagenic/carcinogenic and teratogenic for human beings but also influence the growth and development of soil organisms. The PAHs emitted into the atmosphere are ultimately deposited (by dry or wet deposition processes) onto the soil surface where they tend to accumulate. Soil organic matter (SOM) plays an important role in the fate and transformation processes of PAHs, affecting their mobility, availability, and persistence.

Anti-Hypochlorite, Antioxidant, and Catalytic Activity of Three Polyphenol-Rich Super-Foods Investigated with the Use of Coumarin-Based Sensors.

The anti-hypochlorite activity of açaí ( Mart.), goji ( L.) and schisandra () fruit extracts were assessed by determining the reactive chlorine species (RCS)-scavenging ability of these three "super-food" berries.

Residues of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Agricultural Soils Adjacent to Historical Sources of Their Storage and Distribution-The Case Study of Azerbaijan.

The aim of this study was to identify and examine the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil collected from the surroundings of historical pesticide storage facilities on former agricultural aerodromes, warehouses, and pesticide distribution sites located in the most important agricultural regions in Azerbaijan. The conducted research included determination of three groups of POPs (occurring together), in the natural soil environment influenced for many years by abiotic and biotic factors that could have caused their transformations or decomposition. In this study, soil samples were collected in 21 georeferenced points located in the administrative area of Bilasuvar, Saatly, Sabirabad, Salyan and Jalilabad districts of Azerbaijan.

Activity of Saponins from Species against Phytoparasitic Nematodes.

Content of bioactive saponins of species suggests that they may also exert, as previously demonstrated on , nematicidal properties exploitable for the formulation of new products for sustainable phytoparasitic nematode management. This study was addressed to highlight the bioactivity of saponins from five different species still poorly known for their biological efficacy, i.e.

Evaluation of the Potential Allergenicity of Strawberries in Response to Different Farming Practices.

Fruit allergies are a large problem today. Many consumers suffer from food allergies or intolerances. The method of food production has a major impact on its quality.