A Pulsed Current Application to the Deformation Processing of Materials.

A review of studies on the electroplastic effect on the deformation process in various conductive materials and alloys for the last decade has been carried out. Aspects, such as the mode and regimes of electric current, the practical methods of its introduction into materials with different deformation schemes, features of deformation behavior accompanied by a pulsed current of different materials, structural changes caused by the combined action of deformation and current, the influence of structural features on the electroplastic effect, changes in the physical, mechanical, and technological properties of materials subjected to plastic deformation under current, possible mechanisms and methods of physical and computer modeling of the electroplastic effect, and potential and practical applications of the electroplastic effect are considered. The growing research interest in the manifestation of the electroplastic effect in such new modern materials as shape-memory alloys and ultrafine-grained and nanostructured alloys is shown.

Atypically Shaped Setae in Gall Mites (Acariformes, Eriophyoidea) and Mitogenomics of the Genus Keifer (Eriophyidae).

The setae in Eriophyoidea are filiform, slightly bent and thickened near the base. Confocal microscopy indicates that their proximal and distal parts differ in light reflection and autofluorescence. Approximately 50 genera have atypically shaped setae: bifurcated, angled or swollen.

Speciation and repeated origins of hypertrophied lips in parallel adaptive radiations of cyprinid fish from East Africa.

The evolution of convergent phenotypes is one of the most interesting phenomena of repeated adaptive radiations. Here, we examined the repeated patterns of thick-lipped or "rubberlip" phenotype of cyprinid fish of the genus discovered in riverine environments of the Ethiopian Highlands, East Africa. To test the adaptive value of thickened lips, identify the ecological niche of the thick-lipped ecomorphs, and test whether these ecomorphs are the products of adaptive divergence, we studied six sympatric pairs of ecomorphs with hypertrophied lips and the normal lip structure from different riverine basins.

The principle "like begets like" in algebra-matrix genetics and code biology.

The article is devoted to analysis of emergent properties of the system of binary oppositions in the genetic code ensemble. The epochal model of the double helix of DNA by Watson and Crick showed that the multiple reproduction of genetic information on DNA strands uses the ancient principle "like begets like" based on the simple complementarity in pairs of nucleobases. Each of these pairs is built on the binary opposition "purine-pyrimidine".

Structure and Physical Properties of Ceramic Materials Based on ZrO-ScO for SOFC Electrolytic Membranes Obtained from Powders of Melted Solid Solutions with a Similar Composition.

This paper presents the results of studying the phase composition, luminescent characteristics, and ionic conductivity of ceramic scandium-stabilized solid solutions of zirconium dioxide containing 9 and 10 mol% ScO. Ceramic samples were prepared by sintering powders obtained by grinding melted solid solutions of the same composition. A comparative analysis of the obtained data with similar characteristics of single crystals has been carried out.

 (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), a new species from Xinjiang, China.

(Asteraceae, Anthemideae), a new species from Qinghe County, Xinjiang, China, is described and illustrated. We investigated its phylogenetic position and relationships with 35 other species of using whole chloroplast DNA sequence data. The molecular phylogenetic results and morphological evidence (multi-layered involucral bracts and homogamous capitula with bisexual flowers) showed that the new species belongs to ArtemisiasubgenusSeriphidium.

Laser-Induced Transferred Antibacterial Nanoparticles for Mixed-Species Bacteria Biofilm Inactivation.

In the present study, copper and silver nanoparticles with a concentration of 20 µg/cm were synthesized using the method of laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT). The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was tested against bacterial biofilms that are common in nature, formed by several types of microorganisms (mixed-species bacteria biofilms): , and The Cu nanoparticles showed complete inhibition of the bacteria biofilms used. In the course of the work, a high level of antibacterial activity was demonstrated by nanoparticles.

Long-Term Conductivity Stability of Electrolytic Membranes of Scandia Stabilized Zirconia Co-Doped with Ytterbia.

The effect of high-temperature aging for 4800 h at a temperature of 1123 K on the crystal structure and the conductivity of (ZrO)(ScO)(YbO) and (ZrO)(ScO)(YbO) single-crystal membranes were studied. Such membrane lifetime testing is critical to the operation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The crystals were obtained by the method of directional crystallization of the melt in a cold crucible.

Where Eriophyoidea (Acariformes) Belong in the Tree of Life.

Over the past century and a half, the taxonomic placement of Eriophyoidea has been in flux. For much of this period, this group has been treated as a subtaxon within Trombidiformes. However, the vast majority of recent phylogenetic analyses, including almost all phylogenomic analyses, place this group outside Trombidiformes.

Integrative Taxonomy of the Gall Mite n. sp. (Eriophyidae) from the Disjunct Afro-Australasian Fern : Morphology, Phylogeny, and Mitogenomics.

Eriophyoidea is a group of phytoparasitic mites with poorly resolved phylogeny. Previous studies inferred Eriophyidae s.l.

Holospora-like bacteria "Candidatus Gortzia yakutica" and Preeria caryophila: Ultrastructure, promiscuity, and biogeography of the symbionts.

Two already known representatives of Holospora-like bacteria, "Candidatus Gortzia yakutica" from Paramecium putrinum and Preeria caryophila, originally retrieved from the Paramecium aurelia complex, were found in new hosts: Paramecium nephridiatum and Paramecium polycaryum, respectively. In the present study, these bacteria were investigated using morphological and molecular methods. For "Ca.

Chromosomal conservatism vs chromosomal megaevolution: enigma of karyotypic evolution in Lepidoptera.

In the evolution of many organisms, periods of slow genome reorganization (= chromosomal conservatism) are interrupted by bursts of numerous chromosomal changes (= chromosomal megaevolution). Using comparative analysis of chromosome-level genome assemblies, we investigated these processes in blue butterflies (Lycaenidae). We demonstrate that the phase of chromosome number conservatism is characterized by the stability of most autosomes and dynamic evolution of the sex chromosome Z, resulting in multiple variants of NeoZ chromosomes due to autosome-sex chromosome fusions.

On Constructing Informationally Complete Covariant Positive Operator-Valued Measures.

We study a projective unitary representation of the product G=G˜×G, where is a locally compact Abelian group and G^ is its dual consisting of characters on . It is proven that the representation is irreducible, which allows us to define a covariant positive operator-valued measure (covariant POVM) generated by orbits of projective unitary representations of G. The quantum tomography associated with the representation is discussed.

A global phylogeny of butterflies reveals their evolutionary history, ancestral hosts and biogeographic origins.

Butterflies are a diverse and charismatic insect group that are thought to have evolved with plants and dispersed throughout the world in response to key geological events. However, these hypotheses have not been extensively tested because a comprehensive phylogenetic framework and datasets for butterfly larval hosts and global distributions are lacking. We sequenced 391 genes from nearly 2,300 butterfly species, sampled from 90 countries and 28 specimen collections, to reconstruct a new phylogenomic tree of butterflies representing 92% of all genera.

Semiconductor-to-Insulator Transition in Inter-Electrode Bridge-like Ensembles of Anatase Nanoparticles under a Long-Term Action of the Direct Current.

The results of experimental studies of ohmic conductivity degradation in the ensembles of nanostructured anatase bridges under a long-term effect of direct current are presented. Stochastic sets of partially conducting inter-electrode bridges consisting of close-packed anatase nanoparticles were formed by means of the seeding particles from drying aqueous suspensions on the surfaces of silica substrates with interdigital platinum electrodes. Multiple-run experiments conducted at room temperature have shown that ohmic conductivity degradation in these systems is irreversible.

New approach to soil management focusing on soil health and air quality: one earth one life (critical review).

Soil plays a key role in ecosphere and air quality regulation. Obsolete environmental technologies lead to soil quality loss, air, water, and land systems pollution. Pedosphere and plants are intertwined with the air quality.

New taxa of Athyreacaridae (Acari: Heterostigmata) from Neotropical and Afrotropical realms.

A new genus and three new species of Athyreacaridae (Acari: Heterostigmata) are described associated with beetles of subfamily Bolboceratinae (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) in Neotropical and Afrotropical realms: Neoathyreacarus pygmephoroides gen., sp. nov.

First larvae of Raphidioptera from Eocene Sakhalinian and Rovno ambers.

We describe two larvae of Raphidioptera probably belonging to different genera of Raphidiidae, the first recorded from middle Eocene Sakhalinian amber and late Eocene Rovno amber. The Sakhalinian larva is the first confirmed representative of Raphidioptera from the Cenozoic of Asia, and most probably the oldest larvae of an extant family of the order. The Rovno amber larva is the first European Cenozoic immature raphidiopteran found outside of Russo-Scandia.

Stability of the Structural and Transport Characteristics of (ZrO)(ScO)(RO) (R-Yb, Y, Tb, Gd) Electrolytic Membranes to High-Temperature Exposure.

The effect of long-term high-temperature annealing on the phase composition, local crystal structure, and oxygen-ion conductivity of SOFC membranes based on zirconium dioxide solid solutions was studied. Crystals with the composition of (ZrO)(ScO)(RO) (where x = 0.08-0.

FT-IR Analysis of Bacteria Inactivation by Femtosecond IR Laser Radiation.

We report the successful inactivation of strain by femtosecond infrared (IR) laser radiation at the resonant wavelengths of 3.15 μm and 6.04 μm, chosen due to the presence of characteristic molecular vibrations in the main structural elements of the bacterial cells in these spectral ranges: vibrations of amide groups in proteins (1500-1700 cm), and C-H vibrations in membrane proteins and lipids (2800-3000 cm).

Challenges and opportunities in remote sensing-based crop monitoring: a review.

Building a more resilient food system for sustainable development and reducing uncertainty in global food markets both require concurrent and near-real-time and reliable crop information for decision making. Satellite-driven crop monitoring has become a main method to derive crop information at local, regional, and global scales by revealing the spatial and temporal dimensions of crop growth status and production. However, there is a lack of quantitative, objective, and robust methods to ensure the reliability of crop information, which reduces the applicability of crop monitoring and leads to uncertain and undesirable consequences.

Phase Transformation in UHMWPE Reactor Powders Synthesized on Various Catalysts in Mechanical and Thermal Fields.

Nowadays, a solvent-free method for production of high performance fibers directly from ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) reactor powder is being actively developed. It causes the interest in the morphology of the reactor particles and their behavior in thermal and mechanical fields. Changes in the phase composition in virgin particles of ultra-high molecular-weight polyethylene reactor powders and in particles of powders compressed at room temperature under different pressures were studied in real time using synchrotron radiation with heating in the range of 300-370 K.

Self-Assembly of a Two-Dimensional Coordination Polymer Based on Silver and Lanthanide Tetrakis-Acylpyrazolonates: An Efficient New Strategy for Suppressing Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer Quenching of Europium Luminescence.

A new strategy for the easy polymerization of anionic [Ln(Q)] (HQ-4-(cyclohexanecarbonyl)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one) into two-dimensional layers of [AgLn(Q)] (Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy) is proposed by binding the single molecular anions [Ln(Q)] to silver cations through the coordination of the pyridinic nitrogen atoms of the pyrazolonate rings. The luminescent properties of [AgLn(Q)] have been studied in detail, and it was shown that the previously described low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of [Eu(Q)] is due to Ligand-To-Metal Charge Transfer (LMCT) quenching, which is effectively suppressed in the heterometallic [AgEu(Q)] polymer. Sensibilization coefficients for HO[Eu(Q)], [AgEu(Q)], and HO[Sm(Q)] complexes (n ≈ 1) were estimated via theoretical analysis (also by using Judd-Ofelt theory for Sm) and PLQY measurements.

Whole-Genome Analysis Reveals the Dynamic Evolution of Holocentric Chromosomes in Satyrine Butterflies.

Butterfly chromosomes are holocentric, i.e., lacking a localized centromere.