Gas-Water Distribution and Gas Reservoirs Accumulation Properties of Upper Paleozoic Sequence in the Western Yishan Slope, Ordos Basin, NW China.

Gas-water distribution is significant in the determination of hydrocarbon accumulation mechanisms in gas reservoirs, especially for the exploitation of tight sandstone reservoirs. One of such examples are the gas reservoirs in the Yishan Slope in China, where the internal relationship between gas-water distribution is poorly understood. The pattern and controlling factors for gas-water distribution in tight sandstones gas reservoirs in the Yishan Slope have been examined from macro (such as sedimentary and anticlinal structures) and micro (such as pore throat size, heterogeneity) perspectives, using data from rock eval pyrolysis, sedimentary structure, sediment diagenesis, gas migration, mercury injection experiments, and well logs.

LiZrF protective layer enabled high-voltage LiCoO positive electrode in sulfide all-solid-state batteries.

The application of high-voltage positive electrode materials in sulfide all-solid-state lithium batteries is hindered by the limited oxidation potential of sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). Consequently, surface coating on positive electrode materials is widely applied to alleviate detrimental interfacial reactions. However, most coating layers also react with sulfide-based SSEs, generating electronic conductors and causing gradual interface degradation and capacity fading.

Comprehensive geological analysis and evaluation of the feasibility of renovating the Wanshunchang gas reservoir into a gas storage facility.

As many oil and gas reservoirs approach depletion stages in the future, alongside growing energy storage demands, constructing gas storage facilities becomes critical for ensuring a stable natural gas supply. Consequently, a comprehensive geological analysis is essential to evaluate the feasibility of converting depleted gas reservoirs into gas storage facilities. The W gas reservoir in the Sichuan Basin, China, is nearing depletion and presents potential for conversion into a gas storage facility.

Neuroethical considerations and attitudes about neurostimulation as a fatigue countermeasure among emergency responders.

Introduction: First responders play a pivotal role in ensuring the wellbeing of individuals during critical situations. The demanding nature of their work exposes them to prolonged shifts and unpredictable situations, leading to elevated fatigue levels. Modern countermeasures to fatigue do not provide the best results.

Experimental study on the bearing capacity and effective anchorage lengths of inclined steel grouting pipes in loess embankment slope.

Splitting grouting is widely used to reinforce unfavorable soil stratum. Inclined steel grouting pipe is a type of structure which can achieve splitting grouting in soil stratum. It has been successfully utilized in argillaceous sandstone stratum, but its application in loess stratum has rarely been studied directly.

Structure-guided design and synthesis of C22- and C32-modified FK520 analogs with enhanced activity against human pathogenic fungi.

Invasive fungal infections are a leading cause of death worldwide. Translating molecular insights into clinical benefits is challenging because fungal pathogens and their hosts share similar eukaryotic physiology. Consequently, current antifungal treatments have limited efficacy, may be poorly fungicidal in the host, can exhibit toxicity, and are increasingly compromised by emerging resistance.

Electrochemically-Formed Disordered Rock Salt ω-Li VMoO as a Fast-Charging Li-Ion Electrode Material.

Electrochemically-formed disordered rock salt compounds are an emerging class of Li-ion electrode materials for fast-charging energy storage. However, the specific factors that govern the formation process and the resulting charge storage performance are not well understood. Here, we characterize the transformation mechanism and charge storage properties of an electrochemically-formed disordered rock salt from VMoO (VMO).

Effects of dimethylarsenate coprecipitation with ferrihydrite on Fe(II)-induced mineral transformation and the release of dimethylarsenate.

Organoarsenicals are toxic pollutants of global concern, and their environmental geochemical behavior might be greatly controlled by iron (Fe) (hydr)oxides through coprecipitation, which is rarely investigated. Here, the effects of the incorporation of dimethylarsenate (DMAs(V)), a typical organoarsenical, into the ferrihydrite (Fh) structure on the mineral physicochemical properties and Fe(II)-induced phase transformation of DMAs(V)-Fh coprecipitates with As/Fe molar ratios up to 0.0876 ± 0.

Heterogeneity and permeability estimation of pore-throat structure at different scales in deep tight sandstone reservoirs: A case study of Paleogene Hetaoyuan Formation in Anpeng area, Nanxiang Basin, China.

Clarifying the pore-throat size and pore size distribution of tight sandstone reservoirs, quantitatively characterizing the heterogeneity of pore-throat structures, is crucial for evaluating reservoir effectiveness and predicting productivity. Through a series of rock physics experiments including gas measurement of porosity and permeability, casting thin sections, scanning electron microscopy, and high-pressure mercury injection, the quality of reservoir properties and microscopic pore-throat structure characteristics were systematically studied. Combined with fractal geometry theory, the effects of different pore throat types, geometric shapes and scale sizes on the fractal characteristics and heterogeneity of sandstone pore throat structure are clarified.

Cyanobacteria Boring Limestones in Freshwater Settings-Their Pioneering Role in Sculpturing Pebbles and Carbonate Dissolution.

In freshwater lakes and rivers, cyanobacteria belonging to the family Leptolyngbyaceae bore > 1 mm deep into limestone pebbles by dissolving carbonate at the tip of their 3-8 μm-thick filaments. The abundance of these borings decreases downward while it is so high at the rock surface that micrometric debris is formed. Moreover, the disintegrated material on the pebbles' surface can be easily removed, for instance, when pebbles are grinding against each other due to wave or current action or when insect larvae settle and scratch loosened grains from the surface while constructing their cases.

Size effects of the tensile mechanical behavior of basalt containing hidden joints investigated by DFN-FDEM modeling.

Basalt, which is a geological medium used for engineering construction in Southwest China, contains defect structures at various scales. In particular, the widespread presence of mesoscale hidden joints significantly affects the mechanical properties of basalt and the stability of engineering structures. However, research in this specific subject has been limited.

Sex and Age Differences in Habitat Selection of the Mountain Dragon Lizard () From Western China.

Habitat selection in animals results from a careful balance of individual requirements, environmental conditions, and ecological disturbances. Preferences can vary across sexes and ages due to differences in survival and reproductive priorities. Despite this variability, most studies have traditionally focused on isolated aspects of either sex or age-related differences in habitat selection, rather than considering a comprehensive range of influencing factors.

Characteristics of Three-Dimensional Pore-Fracture Network Development and Enhanced Seepage Heat Transfer in Hot Dry Rock Stimulated by Temperature Shock Effects.

Hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal is a sustainable and clean energy source. However, its development progress is hindered by creating seepage channels in deep reservoirs with low porosity and permeability. Traditional hydraulic fracturing techniques are ineffective for enhancing the permeability of these high-strength reservoirs.

Genomic features of lichen-associated black fungi.

Lichens are mutualistic associations consisting of a primary fungal host, and one to few primary phototrophic symbiont(s), usually a green alga and/or a cyanobacterium. They form complex thallus structures, which provide unique and stable habitats for many other microorganisms. Frequently isolated from lichens are the so-called black fungi, or black yeasts, which are mainly characterized by melanized cell walls and extremophilic lifestyles.

Low-Frequency Phonon Dispersion Relation Enabling Stable Cathode from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Direct recycling technology can effectively solve the environmental pollution and resource waste problems caused by spent lithium-ion batteries. However, the repaired LiNiCoMnO (NCM) black mass by direct recycling technology shows an unsatisfactory cycle life, which is attributed to the formation of spinel/rock salt phases and rotational stacking faults caused by the in-plane and out-of-plane migration of transition metal (TM) atoms during charge/discharge. Herein, local lattice stress is introduced into the regenerated cathode during repair.

Enhanced Pb immobilization by CaO/MgO-modified soybean residue (okara) in phosphate mining wasteland soil: Mechanism and microbial community structure.

Lead (Pb) contamination is an inevitable consequence of phosphate mining, necessitating the development of effective remediation strategies. This study investigated the use of CaO/MgO-modified okara (CMS) as an eco-friendly approach to remediate Pb-contaminated soils from phosphate mining wastelands. In the present study, following 30 d of CMS application, the exchangeable Pb content was significantly decreased to 10.

Deep Learning-Assisted Analysis of GO-Reinforcing Effects on the Interfacial Transition Zone of CWRB.

Understanding the enhancing mechanisms of graphene oxide (GO) on the pore structure characteristics in the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) plays a crucial role in cemented waste rock backfill (CWRB) nanoreinforcement. In the present work, an innovative method based on metal intrusion techniques, backscattered electron (BSE) images, and deep learning is proposed to analyze the micro/nanoscale characteristics of microstructures in the GO-enhanced ITZ. The results showed that the addition of GO reduced the interpore connectivity and the porosity at different pore throats by 53.

Lithic bacterial communities: ecological aspects focusing on communities.

communities (TCs) mainly comprise Cyanobacteria developing on rock substrates and forming physical structures that are strictly connected to the rock itself. Endolithic and epilithic bacterial communities are important because they contribute to nutrient release within run-off waters flowing on the rock surface. Despite TCs being ubiquitous, little information about their ecology and main characteristics is available.

Structural, Electrochemical, and (De)lithiation Mechanism Investigation of Cation-Disordered Rocksalt and Spinel Hybrid Nanomaterials in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Significant demand for lithium-ion batteries necessitates alternatives to Co- and Ni-based cathode materials. Cation-disordered materials using earth-abundant elements are being explored as promising candidates. In this paper, we demonstrate a coprecipitation synthetic approach that allows direct preparation of disordered rocksalt LiFeTiO (r-LFTO·C) and spinel structured hybrid LiFeTiO·C (s-LFTO·C) nanoparticles with a conformal conductive carbon coating.

Crystallization Pathways of Iron Formations: Insights From Magnetic Properties and High-Resolution Imaging of the 2.7 Ga Carajás Formation, Brazil.

Banded iron formations (BIFs) are chemical sedimentary rocks commonly utilized for exploring the chemistry and redox state of the Precambrian ocean. Despite their significance, many aspects regarding the crystallization pathways of iron oxides in BIFs remain loosely constrained. In this study, we combine magnetic properties characterization with high-resolution optical and electron imaging of finely laminated BIFs from the 2.

Men's influence of maternal substance use before, during, and after pregnancy: A qualitative study of men with criminal-legal involvement.

Background: While the adverse effects of substance use during pregnancy are well-established, the impact men with criminal-legal involvement who use substances have on their partner's substance-using behaviors is not well characterized. We aim to understand men's experiences and perspectives about how their substance use impacts romantic partner substance use in the preconception period, before a potential or actual pregnancy.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with men residing in a transition center in the Midwestern US with a substance use disorder (SUD) who partnered with women.

A nonlinear creep model of hard structural planes.

Hard structural planes mainly exist in rock slopes and their creep characteristics largely determine slope stability. Traditional models have some shortcomings in describing the creep characteristics of hard structural planes, such as poor adaptability and unclear physical meaning of parameters. In order to overcome these shortcomings, based on the creep failure mechanism of hard structural planes, an element combination model is adopted in the study.

Anisotropic Strain Evolution of Layered LiNiCoMnO Cathode in Formation Cycle.

The formation process plays a key role in developing long life and high energy density materials, during which the phase transition, strain evolution, and structural self-adaption interact rationally with each other to produce a qualified electrode for Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Taking the layered LiNiCoMnO cathode as an example, the substantial structural changes, both in the bulk and at the surface are thoroughly documented during the formation cycle. Upon initial charging, different phases emerge continuously, resulting in lattice mismatches, inhomogeneous strain, and microstructural distortions.

Microscopic investigation of chemical and physical alteration behaviors in sandstone minerals induced by CO-HO-rock interactions during CO saline aquifer storage.

CO saline aquifer storage represents a promising strategy for mitigating the environmental impact of greenhouse gas emissions. However, the long-term effects of CO dissolved in formation water on rock minerals remain insufficiently understood. This study utilizes cast thin section analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometry techniques to perform a comprehensive microscopic investigation on this issue.