Measuring implicit associations between food and body stimuli in anorexia nervosa: a Go/No-Go Association Task.

Purpose: The present study aimed to explore the implicit associations between food and bodily stimuli in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and control subjects (HC).

Methods: A Go/No-Go Association Task was administrated to 55 participants (28 AN and 27 HC), using food stimuli (low-calorie food vs. high-calorie food) and body stimuli (underweight vs.

Asynchronous neural maturation predicts transition to psychosis.

Aim: Neuroimaging-based machine-learning predictions of psychosis onset rely on the hypothesis that structural brain anomalies may reflect the underlying pathophysiology. Yet, current predictors remain difficult to interpret in light of brain structure. Here, we combined an advanced interpretable supervised algorithm and a model of neuroanatomical age to identify the level of brain maturation of the regions most predictive of psychosis.

Local glycolysis fuels actomyosin contraction during axonal retraction.

In response to repulsive cues, axonal growth cones can quickly retract. This requires the prompt activity of contractile actomyosin, which is formed by the non-muscle myosin II (NMII) bound to actin filaments. NMII is a molecular motor that provides the necessary mechanical force at the expense of ATP.

The association of stroke with mental and physical disorders in US adults: A nationally representative study.

Stroke has been linked to various physical and mental disorders, with both stroke and its comorbidities significantly impacting public health. In this population-based study, we evaluate the relationships between stroke, physical conditions, mental disorders, and their effect on quality of life. Data were gathered from a nationally representative sample of 36,309 civilian participants aged 18 years and older in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III.

Early-onset restrictive food intake disorders in children: a latent class analysis.

The two most frequent early-onset restrictive food intake disorders are early-onset anorexia nervosa (EOAN) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorders (ARFID). Although the core symptoms of EOAN (i.e.

Spatacsin regulates directionality of lysosome trafficking by promoting the degradation of its partner AP5Z1.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms contacts with the lysosomal compartment, regulating lysosome positioning and motility. The movements of lysosomes are controlled by the attachment of molecular motors to their surface. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ER controls lysosome dynamics are still elusive.

Correlation of the methylomic signature of smoking during pregnancy with clinical traits in ADHD.

Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent childhood disorder. Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a replicated environmental risk factor for this disorder. It is also a robust modifier of gene methylation during the prenatal developmental period.

Orbitofrontal sulcal patterns in catatonia.

Background: Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome frequently observed in disorders with neurodevelopmental impairments, including psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has been repeatedly associated with catatonia. It presents with an important interindividual morphological variability, with three distinct H-shaped sulcal patterns, types I, II, and III, based on the continuity of the medial and lateral orbital sulci.

Comparison between continued inpatient treatment versus day patient treatment after short inpatient care in early onset anorexia nervosa (COTIDEA trial): a study protocol for a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial.

Background: In children with early-onset anorexia nervosa (first symptoms before 13 years old, EO-AN), experts recommend initial outpatient treatment but in-patient treatment (IP) is frequently indicated due to acute medical instability or for those who have not improved with outpatient treatment. This IP can target either a partial weight restauration or a total weight normalization (return to the previous BMI growth trajectory). There are no evidence in the literature on which is the better therapeutic option in EOAN.

S-acylation of p62 promotes p62 droplet recruitment into autophagosomes in mammalian autophagy.

p62 is a well-characterized autophagy receptor that recognizes and sequesters specific cargoes into autophagosomes for degradation. p62 promotes the assembly and removal of ubiquitinated proteins by forming p62-liquid droplets. However, it remains unclear how autophagosomes efficiently sequester p62 droplets.

Role of Lipids and Divalent Cations in Membrane Fusion Mediated by the Heptad Repeat Domain 1 of Mitofusin.

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that constantly undergo fusion and fission events to maintain their shape, distribution and cellular function. Mitofusin 1 and 2 proteins are two dynamin-like GTPases involved in the fusion of outer mitochondrial membranes (OMM). Mitofusins are anchored to the OMM through their transmembrane domain and possess two heptad repeat domains (HR1 and HR2) in addition to their N-terminal GTPase domain.

Association between cannabis use and symptom dimensions in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: an individual participant data meta-analysis on 3053 individuals.

Background: The association between cannabis use and positive symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders is well documented, especially via meta-analyses. Yet, findings are inconsistent regarding negative symptoms, while other dimensions such as disorganization, depression, and excitement, have not been investigated. In addition, meta-analyses use aggregated data discarding important confounding variables which is a source of bias.

Cholesterol and Ceramide Facilitate Membrane Fusion Mediated by the Fusion Peptide of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein.

SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells is mediated by the Spike (S) protein of the viral envelope. The S protein is composed of two subunits: S1 that induces binding to the host cell its interaction with the ACE2 receptor of the cell surface and S2 that triggers fusion between viral and cellular membranes. Fusion by S2 depends on its heptad repeat domains that bring membranes close together and its fusion peptide (FP) that interacts with and perturbs the membrane structure to trigger fusion.

Longitudinal investigation of patients receiving involuntary treatment for extremely severe anorexia nervosa.

Introduction: Involuntary treatment may be a life-saving option for extremely severe anorexia nervosa (AN) in the context of life-threatening conditions and refusal of care. The long-term outcomes of patients undergoing involuntary treatment for AN are poorly understood. This study aims to explore quality of life, long-term outcomes and attitudes towards involuntary treatment in patients involuntarily treated for extremely severe AN.

Lateralization of the cerebral network of inhibition in children before and after cognitive training.

Inhibitory control (IC) plays a critical role in cognitive and socio-emotional development. IC relies on a lateralized cortico-subcortical brain network including the inferior frontal cortex, anterior parts of insula, anterior cingulate cortex, caudate nucleus and putamen. Brain asymmetries play a critical role for IC efficiency.

Decision and response monitoring during working memory are sequentially represented in the human insula.

Emerging research supports a role of the insula in human cognition. Here, we used intracranial EEG to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics in the insula during a verbal working memory (vWM) task. We found robust effects for theta, beta, and high frequency activity (HFA) during probe presentation requiring a decision.