Evaluation of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Management of Symptomatic Osteoporotic Compression Fracture.

Introduction: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures are a leading cause of disability and associated morbidities among Indian population. Worldwide, approximately 20% of elderly population above 70 years and 16% of postmenopausal women are suffering from it. Vertebral compression fractures should be aggressively treated with minimally invasive techniques such as Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP) or Percutaneous Kyphoplasty (PKP) to minimize pain and disability associated with it.

A Comparison of the Intracerebral Hemorrhage Score and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II Score for 30-Day Mortality Prediction in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: The intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) score is well established as a reliable prognostic score in ICH, whereas recently, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) has been observed to have a better discrimination in predicting mortality in primary pontine hemorrhage. Further, physiological parameters of APACHE II have been associated with outcome in ICH. This study is the first to observe a direct comparison between APACHE II and ICH scores in predicting 30-day mortality in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH).

Mycobacterial heat shock protein 65 mediated metabolic shift in decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells.

Successful implantation is dependent on the appropriate decidualization of endometrial stromal cells for the establishment of pregnancy in women. Mycobacterial heat shock protein 65 (HSP65) is involved in pathogenesis of the genital tuberculosis (GTB), one of the common causes of infertility in emerging countries. Though implantation failure appears to be the major cause, understanding the status of decidualizaiton process in women diagnosed with GTB has not been thoroughly addressed.

Teneligliptin real-world efficacy assessment of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in India (TREAT-INDIA study).

Background And Aims: Teneligliptin was introduced in India in May 2015. It has gained popularity and is already widely prescribed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This "real life" data collection was conducted to assess the efficacy of teneligliptin in Indian T2DM patients.

Physiological and behavioral risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural India.

Background: The dynamics of physiological and behavioral risk factors of diabetes in rural India is poorly understood. Using data from a health and demographic surveillance site of Birbhum district in West Bengal, India, this study aims to assess the risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 7674 individuals aged ≥18 years participated in a cross-sectional study.

Zika Virus: A Global Threat to Humanity: A Comprehensive Review and Current Developments.

At present, one of greatest concerns of medical personnel is Zika virus (ZIKV). Though it has been reported for quite a long time, its rapid emergence, new modes of transmission, and more importantly, the congenital anomalies associated with it have made the situation worse. It was first detected in 1947.

Oncogenic osteomalacia caused by occult nasal mesenchymal tumor: a monster in the cave.

Authors describe a case of oncogenic osteomalacia in a 35-year-old man, who presented with a 2-year history of generalized pain and progressive weakness of lower limbs, eventually became bedbound. At admission, he had severe hip pain resulting from bilateral femoral neck fractures. Laboratory investigations revealed hypophosphatemia, hyperphosphaturia, normocalcemia, elevated alkaline phosphatase and normal serum levels of parathormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

Multiple Pituitary Hormone Deficiency, Empty Sella and Ectopic Neurohypophysis in Turner Syndrome.

Background: Multiple pituitary hormone deficiency and Turner syndrome have overlapping features in peripubertal girls and is a diagnostic challenge.

Case Characteristics: 16-year-old girl having Turner phenotype undergoing evaluation for severe short stature and pubertal arrest.

Observation: 45,X karyotype, and multiple pituitary hormone deficiency with empty sella.

Alcohol Use-Related Problems Among a Rural Indian Population of West Bengal: An Application of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT).

Aims: To examine alcohol use and related problems among a rural subset of the Indian population.

Methods: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used as part of Health and Demographic Surveillance of 36,611 individuals aged ≥18 years. From this survey data on 3671 current alcohol users were analysed using bivariate and multivariate ordered logit regression.

Unique TTC Repeat Base Pair Loss Mutation In Cases of Pure Neural Leprosy: A Survival Strategy of Mycobacterium Leprae?

Background: Genomic reduction helps obligate intracellular microbes to survive difficult host niches. Adaptation of Mycobacterium leprae in cases of pure neural leprosy (PNL) in the intracellular niche of peripheral nerves can be associated with some gene loss. Recently, a stable but variable number of tandem repefzats (TTC) have been reported in strains of M.

Expression of CDX-2 and Ki-67 in different grades of colorectal adenocarcinomas.

Background: CDX2 is a caudal homeobox gene essential for intestinal differentiation and is specifically expressed in colorectal adenocarcinomas. Its role in colorectal carcinogenesis is not fully elucidated.

Aims And Objectives: To study the expression pattern of CDX2 and Ki-67 in different grades of colorectal adenocarcinomas and to observe the relationship of their staining patterns in various tumor stages and to look for correlation if any, between Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) and CDX2 expression.

Isolated tenosynovitis as a sole manifestation: the great mimicker still continues to surprise us.

A middle aged male presented with non-tender cystic swelling over left distal forearm since 1 year. No other cutaneous abnormality could be found except mild paresthesia of the overlying skin and equivocal thickening of the ipsilateral ulnar nerve. Routine investigation was within normal limits.

Zinc-responsive acral hyperkeratotic dermatosis-A novel entity or a subset of some well-known dermatosis?

Background: We are reporting a series of interesting cases, which presented to us with psoriasiform lesions distributed over the acral regions of the body. The cases are unusual because they were resistant to conventional treatment modalities like topical corticosteroids, tacrolimus and oral methotrexate but showed significant improvement on oral zinc therapy.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients with characteristic clinical features of distinctive hyperkeratotic plaque in the acral areas, who were resistant to treatment by different modalities including potent topical steroids and oral methotrexate, were included for detailed investigations.

Lean mass is the strongest predictor of bone mineral content in type-2 diabetes and normal individuals: an eastern India perspective.

Background: Impact of body fat distribution on bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) at different sites has not been studied in type-2 diabetes (T2DM). This study aimed to compare BMC and BMD in normal (BMI < 25 kg/m(2)) and increased BMI (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) T2DM patients with age and BMI matched normal controls, and evaluate the impact of lean mass and body fat distribution parameters on them.

Methods: Seventy-six T2DM patients and 56 normal controls underwent anthropometric assessment, blood sampling and estimation of BMC, BMD, body fat and lean mass distribution by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Nuclear matrix protein SMAR1 represses c-Fos-mediated HPV18 E6 transcription through alteration of chromatin histone deacetylation.

Matrix attachment region (MAR)-binding proteins have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of host as well as viral genes, but their precise role in HPV-infected cervical cancer remains unclear. Here we show that HPV18 promoter contains consensus MAR element in the LCR and E6 sequences where SMAR1 binds and reinforces HPV18 E6 transcriptional silencing. In fact, curcumin-induced up-regulation of SMAR1 ensures recruitment of SMAR1-HDAC1 repressor complex at the LCR and E6 MAR sequences, thereby decreasing histone acetylation at H3K9 and H3K18, leading to reorientation of the chromatin.

Urinary albumin : creatinine ratio predicts prediabetes progression to diabetes and reversal to normoglycemia: role of associated insulin resistance, inflammatory cytokines and low vitamin D.

Background: The relationship between albumin : creatinine ratio (ACR), insulin resistance (IR), cytokines, dyslipidemia, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) in individuals with prediabetes (IPD) was investigated to evaluate their role in predicting future risk of progression to diabetes.

Methods: The aforementioned parameters were evaluated in 147 IPD with persistent impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance over two oral glucose tolerance tests, who were then followed up at 3-monthly intervals for progression to diabetes or reversal to normoglycemia.

Results: Data were analyzed for 137 IPD with at least 1-year follow-up.

Renal pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma: a rarity.

A 70-year-old male presented with progressive weight loss for eight months. Radiological imaging showed a large tumor in the right kidney. The patient underwent right open radical nephrectomy and histopathology revealed pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma (PUS) earlier known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH).

Is visual inspection with acetic acid better than cervical cytology to screen women ≥ 40 years of age for carcinoma cervix? A cross-sectional study on proportion of screen-positive women (by VIA and cervical cytology) having CIN II/III lesion on cervical biopsy: difference between two age groups and among screening methods.

Objective: Proportion of CIN II/III lesion on cervical biopsy among screen-positive women of age group < 40 years and ≥ 40 years undergoing screening for carcinoma cervix by Pap smear and visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid (VIA) was determined (both the tests were performed on same population). Difference in proportion of CIN II/III lesion among screen-positive women, between two age groups (for both methods) and between methods (for both age groups) was determined.

Result: In < 40 years age group, proportion of screen-positive women with CIN II/III lesion was similar for both cytology or VIA (12.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A single center experience.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic adrenalectomy in benign adrenal disorders.

Methods And Material: Since July 2007, twenty patients have undergone laparoscopic adrenalectomy for various benign adrenal disorders at our institution. Every patient underwent contrast enhanced CT-abdomen.