Assessment of Initial Oxygenation Levels of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Their Impact on Basis and Vital Tools: Retrospective Cohort Study From India.

Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant contributor to global morbidity and mortality. Despite well-established management protocols, treatment remains suboptimal due to high costs and mortality rates. This study aims to compare the impact of initial oxygenation status, Dyspnea, Eosinopenia, Consolidation, Acidemia, and Atrial Fibrillation (DECAF), and National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) scores on management outcomes in COPD patients.

Effect of phenylephrine infusion on postpartum blood loss after cesarean delivery: A Placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

Background: Preclinical studies have documented the role of alpha-adrenergic agonists in myometrial contraction. Phenylephrine is frequently used to prevent and treat post-spinal hypotension during cesarean delivery. We hypothesized phenylephrine would reduce postpartum blood loss due to alpha-1 receptor-mediated uterine and vascular smooth muscle contraction.

Chronic Kidney Disease Prevalence in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis From Community-Based Representative Evidence Between 2011 to 2023.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence varies widely across different regions of India. We aimed to identify the status of CKD in India, by systematically reviewing the published community-based studies between the period of January 2011 to December 2023. PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched for peer-reviewed evidence.

A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals GRB7 as a Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker.

Background And Aim: Growth factor receptor-bound protein 7 (GRB7) belongs to a group of adaptor proteins characterized by their conserved multidomain structure. These proteins are involved in cellular signaling pathways that regulate cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Alterations in GRB7 expression have been linked to multiple human cancers.

Emerging lineages A2.2.1 and A2.2.2 of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in pediatric respiratory infections: Insights from India.

Objectives: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is recognized as a significant cause of acute respiratory infections among infants under 5 years of age.

Methods: Nasal swabs collected from January 2021 to June 2024 were screened to detect hMPV using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, representative positive samples were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis.

Linkage to Care of People With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Blood Donors: Experience From an Apex Treatment Centre Under National Viral Hepatitis Control Program, India.

Background And Objectives: Chronic viral hepatitis is a major public health challenge. The World Health Organization (WHO) and many national programs have set goals for elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030. Screening, Linkage to care (LTC), and access to treatment are very important steps to eliminate viral hepatitis.

Speckle Tracking Echocardiography-Based Correlation Between Left Atrial Strain and Functional Capacity in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Introduction: The left atrium (LA) dilates and its function decreases as a chronic secondary change in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). LA strain is a more sensitive measure of LV filling pressure than LA volume and can be used to predict the functional capacity in HCM.

Objective: To analyze LA strain in patients with HCM and its correlation with exercise tolerance.

Olfactory Evoked Potential Monitoring: Technical Note and Challenges Faced.

Background And Aim: Despite the sustained progress in the realm of intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring of the nervous system, little progress has been achieved in monitoring the olfactory pathway. Loss of olfactory function due to retraction-induced physical damage during operations has ill-appreciated negative consequences for the patients and is often underreported. Improvements in this area of neuromonitoring require a revisit of the technical challenges.

Determinants of tumor necrosis and its impact on outcome in patients with Localized osteosarcoma uniformly treated with a response adapted regimen without high dose Methotrexate- A retrospective institutional analysis.

Purpose: Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in form of tumor necrosis predicts outcome in osteosarcoma; although response-adapted treatment escalation failed to improve outcome among patients treated with high-dose methotrexate-based (HDMTx) chemotherapy. This study aimed to identify factors predicting tumor necrosis and its impact on survival among patients with non-metastatic osteosarcoma treated with a response-adapted non-HDMTx regimen.

Methods: A retrospective single-institutional study was conducted among non-metastatic osteosarcoma patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy between 2004-2019.

Endoscopic Monitoring of Treatment of Indeterminate Intestinal Lesions in a Prospective "Real-Life" Cohort in Eastern India Where Tuberculosis Remains Endemic: Distinguishing Intestinal Tuberculosis From Crohn's Disease.

Introduction It is sometimes difficult to differentiate between intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn's disease (CD) in India, as both conditions may mimic each other. The aim was to differentiate ITB from CD in indeterminate intestinal lesions with a therapeutic trial of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) and follow-up to find out the clinical, endoscopic, radiological, and histological predictors for differentiation between ITB and CD. Methods A prospective observational cohort study of patients diagnosed with ITB and CD according to the Asia-Pacific Guidelines in a "real-life" clinical setting was conducted.

Comparison of Bioelectrical Impedance Analyser (BIA) with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Scan in Assessing the Body Composition of Adult Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: Assessing the body composition is important in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to prevent and achieve optimum control during treatment. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), being a more affordable method of assessing the body composition, should therefore be compared with the gold standard dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to look for a correlation between the two and the potential of BIA to be used widely in this population. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 60 patients attending the endocrinology outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care centre in Kolkata, India.

Effects of the Change in Respiratory Kinematics on the Singing Voice: Re-Visiting the Benefits of Diaphragmatic-Abdominal Breathing in Professional Singers with Problems in Pitch.

To assess the effect of voice therapy on pitch in professional singers with faulty respiratory kinematics. In this prospective interventional study, professional singers with easy voice fatigability and inability to reach higher pitches, following appropriate selection criteria, were subjected to a 1-month structured voice therapy that transformed their predominant breathing pattern from thoracic to diaphragmatic-abdominal. Acoustic parameters (pitch range and its extreme values before/after therapy, and difference in pitch range) were analyzed using Praat software and compared using standard statistical methods (paired -test).

Etiological spectrum of acute kidney injury and adverse outcome: A single-center observation.

Background: The present study aims to evaluate the etiological spectrum with clinicopathological parameters and adverse outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI).

Methods: A hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted for a spectrum of AKI in 103 AKI patients and their AKI-associated adverse outcomes. The AKI patients were included as per the KDIGO definition.

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy in India: Past, Present, and Future.

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) has emerged as a key area of interest among researchers worldwide, including those in India, who have actively studied the disorder over the past several decades. This review meticulously explores the extensive range of Indian research on PSP up to the present and offers insights into both current initiatives and potential future directions for managing PSP within the region. Historical research contributions have spanned 80 publications from 1974 to 2023, encompassing diverse themes from clinical phenotyping and historical analysis to isolated investigative studies and therapeutic trials.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas causing obstructive jaundice: Case report of a rare entity.

Introduction: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is an extremely rare, low-grade, malignant pancreatic tumour with an excellent prognosis. We describe a case of SPN causing obstructive jaundice in a young female, thus mimicking pancreatic adenocarcinoma clinically and radiologically.

Case Presentation: A 32-year-old female presented with abdominal pain for 12 h, icterus, and an epigastric mass measuring 3 × 3 cm.

Psychological problems and burnout among healthcare workers: Impact of non-pharmacological lifestyle interventions.

Objective: To evaluate role of rajyoga meditation (RYM) versus stress management counselling (SMC) in addressing burnout syndrome and resultant improvement in electrocardiogram (ECG) so as to automate burnout prediction from raw ECG data with machine learning (ML).

Methods: Healthcare providers were assigned to two groups: RYM (n = 100) or SMC (n = 102). Subjects in RYM received rajyoga for 3 months including one week offline and thereafter, virtual mode.