Influence of Abiotic and Biotic Elicitors on Organogenesis, Biomass Accumulation, and Production of Key Secondary Metabolites in Asteraceae Plants.

The medicinal plants of the Asteraceae family are a valuable source of bioactive secondary metabolites, including polyphenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, acetylenes, sesquiterpene lactones, triterpenes, etc. Under stressful conditions, the plants develop these secondary substances to carry out physiological tasks in plant cells. Secondary Asteraceae metabolites that are of the greatest interest to consumers are artemisinin (an anti-malarial drug from L.

Marrubium vulgare Extract Improves Spatial Working Memory and Oxidative Stress Damage in Scopolamine-Treated Rats.

Background: The cholinergic neuronal loss in the basal forebrain and increasing brain oxidative stress are one of the main features of the brain suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Marrubium vulgare (M. vulgare), commonly known as 'white horehound,' possesses a variety of valuable properties, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities.

Resurrection Plants-A Valuable Source of Natural Bioactive Compounds: From Word-of-Mouth to Scientifically Proven Sustainable Use.

Resurrection plant species are a group of higher plants whose vegetative tissues are able to withstand long periods of almost full desiccation and recover quickly upon rewatering. Apart from being a model system for studying desiccation tolerance, resurrection plant species appear to be a valuable source of metabolites, with various areas of application. A significant number of papers have been published in recent years with respect to the extraction and application of bioactive compounds from higher resurrection plant species in various test systems.

Extracts of and Alleviate Cognitive Impairments in Scopolamine-Induced Rat Dementia.

Griseb. and L., belonging to the Lamiaceae family, are rich in terpenoids and phenolics and exhibit various pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities.

Small Sized Yet Powerful: Nuclear Distribution C Proteins in Plants.

The family of Nuclear Distribution C (NudC) proteins plays a pivotal and evolutionarily conserved role in all eukaryotes. In animal systems, these proteins influence vital cellular processes like cell division, protein folding, nuclear migration and positioning, intracellular transport, and stress response. This review synthesizes past and current research on NudC family members, focusing on their growing importance in plants and intricate contributions to plant growth, development, and stress tolerance.

Exploring the Phytochemical Composition and Biological Potential of Balkan Endemic Species Griseb.

Griseb. is a Balkan endemic species listed in The Red Data Book of Bulgaria with the conservation status "endangered". Successful micropropagation was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 1.

Involvement of oxidative stress in localization of bacterial spot infection in pepper plants.

is a major cause of bacterial spot disease in various crops. The present study was focused on the pathosystem pepper ( L.) - 269p (wild strain).

Memory Recovery Effect of a New Bioactive Innovative Combination in Rats with Experimental Dementia.

Alzheimer's disease manifests as a complex pathological condition, with neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and cholinergic dysfunction being a few of the many pathological changes. Due to the complexity of the disease, current therapeutic strategies aim at a multitargeted approach, often relying on a combination of substances with versatile and complementary effects. In the present study, a unique combination of α-lipoic acid, citicoline, extracts of leaves from olive tree and green tea, vitamin D3, selenium and an immune-supporting complex was tested in scopolamine-induced dementia in rats.

Antioxidant and Antitumor Potential of Micropropagated Balkan Endemic Griseb.

Griseb. is a critically endangered Balkan endemic species, known for its antioxidant, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to detail an efficient protocol for the micropropagation of .

Influence of the Abiotic Elicitors Ag Salts of Aspartic Acid Derivatives, Self-Organized in Nanofibers with Monomeric and Dimeric Molecular Structures, on the Antioxidant Activity and Stevioside Content in Micropropagated Bert.

The use of nanomaterials in biotechnology for the in vitro propagation of medical plants and the accumulation of certain biologically active metabolites is becoming an efficient strategy. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the concentration (0, 1, 10, 50, and 100 mg L) of two types of nanofibers on the growth characteristics, the antioxidant status, and the production of steviol glycosides in micropropagated Bert. plantlets.

Uncovering the Interrelation between Metabolite Profiles and Bioactivity of In Vitro- and Wild-Grown Catmint ( L.).

L. is a medicinal plant enriched with secondary metabolites serving to attract pollinators and deter herbivores. Phenolics and iridoids of have been extensively investigated because of their beneficial impacts on human health.

-Specific Bacteriophage BsXeu269p/3 Reduces the Spread of Bacterial Spot Disease in Pepper Plants.

The present study was focused on the pathosystem pepper plants ( L.)-phytopathogenic bacterium (wild strain 269p)-bacteriophage BsXeu269p/3 and the possibility of bacteriophage-mediated biocontrol of the disease. Two new model systems were designed for the monitoring of the effect of the phage treatment on the infectious process in vivo.

Priming of seeds with stabilized nanomicelles: effects on seedling development and photosynthetic function.

Natural and synthetic polymers are widely explored for improving seed germination and plant resistance to environmental constraints. Here, for the first time, we explore stabilized nanomicelles composed of the biocompatible triblock co-polymer (SPM) as a priming agent for (var. RAN-1) seeds.

SERS-substrates based on ZnO nanoflowers prepared by green synthesis.

ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) with a flower-like morphology, synthesized by an affordable colloidal route using an aqueous fungi extract of Ganoderma lucidum as a reducing agent and stabilizer, are investigated as SERS-substrate. Each "flower" has large effective surface that is preserved at packing particles into a dense film and thus exhibits an advantageous property for SERS and similar sensing applications. The mycoextract used in our low-cost and green synthesis as surface stabilizer allows subsequent deposition of metal NPs or layers.

Antioxidative Defense, Suppressed Nitric Oxide Accumulation, and Synthesis of Protective Proteins in Roots and Leaves Contribute to the Desiccation Tolerance of the Resurrection Plant .

The desiccation tolerance of plants relies on defense mechanisms that enable the protection of macromolecules, biological structures, and metabolism. Although the defense of leaf tissues exposed to solar irradiation is challenging, mechanisms that protect the viability of the roots, yet largely unexplored, are equally important for survival. Although the photosynthetic apparatus in leaves contributes to the generation of oxidative stress under drought stress, we hypothesized that oxidative stress and thus antioxidative defense is also predominant in the roots.

Biochemical Alterations in Triticale Seedlings Pretreated with Selective Herbicide and Subjected to Drought or Waterlogging Stress.

Waterlogging and drought disrupt crop development and productivity. Triticale is known to be relatively tolerant to different stress factors. In natural conditions, plants are rather subjected to multiple environmental factors.

Divergent Cross-Adaptation of Herbicide-Treated Wheat and Triticale Affected by Drought or Waterlogging.

Widely used agrochemicals that do not exert negative effects on crops and selectively target weeds could influence plant resilience under unfavorable conditions. The cross-adaptation of wheat ( L.) and triticale (× Wittm.

Dynamics of Polyamines, Proline, and Ethylene Metabolism under Increasing Cold in Winter Oilseed Rape.

Cold stress is among the most important environmental factors reducing the yield of crops. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of increasing cold stress conditions on winter oilseed rape polyamines, proline, and ethylene metabolism in acclimated and non-acclimated winter oilseed rape. This study was carried out under controlled conditions in the laboratory.

Transient drought during flowering modifies the grain proteome of bread winter wheat.

Drought is among the most limiting factors for sustainable agricultural production. Water shortage at the onset of flowering severely affects the quality and quantity of grain yield of bread wheat (). Herein, we measured oxidative stress and photosynthesis-related parameters upon applying transient drought on contrasting wheat cultivars at the flowering stage of ontogenesis.

Different Responses to Water Deficit of Two Common Winter Wheat Varieties: Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics.

Since water scarcity is one of the main risks for the future of agriculture, studying the ability of different wheat genotypes to tolerate a water deficit is fundamental. This study examined the responses of two hybrid wheat varieties (Gizda and Fermer) with different drought resistance to moderate (3 days) and severe (7 days) drought stress, as well as their post-stress recovery to understand their underlying defense strategies and adaptive mechanisms in more detail. To this end, the dehydration-induced alterations in the electrolyte leakage, photosynthetic pigment content, membrane fluidity, energy interaction between pigment-protein complexes, primary photosynthetic reactions, photosynthetic and stress-induced proteins, and antioxidant responses were analyzed in order to unravel the different physiological and biochemical strategies of both wheat varieties.

Metabolic footprints in phosphate-starved plants.

Plants' requirement of Phosphorus (P) as an essential macronutrient is obligatory for their normal growth and metabolism. Besides restricting plants' primary growth, P depletion affects both primary and secondary metabolism and leads to altered levels of sugars, metabolites, amino acids, and other secondary compounds. Such metabolic shifts help plants optimize their metabolism and growth under P limited conditions.

Acquisition of Freezing Tolerance of Resurrection Species from Gesneriaceae, a Comparative Study.

Resurrection plants have the unique ability to restore normal physiological activity after desiccation to an air-dry state. In addition to their desiccation tolerance, some of them, such as and , are also freezing-tolerant species, as they survive subzero temperatures during winter. Here, we compared the response of the photosynthetic apparatus of two other Gesneriaceae species, and , together with , to cold and freezing temperatures.