Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

Phylogeography of Chinese cereal cyst nematodes sheds lights on their origin and dispersal.

Reconstructing the dispersal routes of pathogens can help identify the key drivers of their evolution and provides a basis for disease control. The cereal cyst nematode is one of the major nematode pests on cereals that can cause 10%-90% crop yield losses worldwide. Through extensive sampling on wheat and grasses, the Chinese population of is widely identified in virtually all wheat growing regions in China, with H1 being the predominant haplotype.

Host plants and pollination regions for the long-distance migratory noctuid moth, Hufnagel in China.

Nocturnal moths are important pollinators of plants. The clover cutworm, , is a long-distance migratory nocturnal moth. Although the larvae of .

Asian corn borer damage is affected by rind penetration strength of corn stalks in a spatiotemporally dependent manner.

Asian corn borer, (Guenée), is an important insect pest of maize throughout most of Asia. The rind of a maize stalk is a key barrier against corn borer larvae boring into the plant. There is a need to better understand the relationship between stalk strength and larval injury, particularly for elite maize genotypes.

A temporal trophic shift from primary parasitism to facultative hyperparasitism during interspecific competition between two coevolved scelionid egg parasitoids.

Understanding competition between scelionid parasitoids that exploit the same host may provide insight into strategies that allow coexistence on a shared resource. Competition studies typically focus on interactions between native and exotic parasitoids that do not share an evolutionary history; however, coevolved parasitoids may be more likely to demonstrate strategies to avoid or exploit a shared resource. We examined intrinsic and extrinsic competition between Asian (Ashmead) and (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) associated with (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) that share an evolutionary history.

Precopulatory oral sex contact plays an important role in copulatory success in a cryptic desert beetle.

Precopulatory courtship plays an essential role in the insemination process and influences postcopulatory behavior between males and females. Male precopulatory oral stimulation of female genitals is rare for invertebrates. Here, we describe an intriguing oral sexual courtship in a cryptic desert beetle Faldermann.

Tripartite parasitic and symbiotic interactions as a possible mechanism of horizontal gene transfer.

Herbivory is a highly sophisticated feeding behavior that requires abilities of plant defense suppression, phytochemical detoxification, and plant macromolecule digestion. For plant-sucking insects, salivary glands (SGs) play important roles in herbivory by secreting and injecting proteins into plant tissues to facilitate feeding. Little is known on how insects evolved secretory SG proteins for such specialized functions.

Contrasting population structure and demographic history of cereal aphids in different environmental and agricultural landscapes.

Genetic diversity of populations has important ecological and evolutionary consequences, whose understanding is fundamental to improve the sustainability of agricultural production. Studies of how differences in agricultural management and environment influence the population structure of insect pests are central to predict outbreaks and optimize control programs. Here, we have studied the population genetic diversity and evolution of and , which are among the most relevant aphid pests of cereals across Europe and Asia, respectively.

Host plant use of a polyphagous mirid, : Molecular evidence from migratory individuals.

While the host plant use of insect herbivores is important for understanding their interactions and coevolution, field evidence of these preferences is limited for generalist species. Molecular diet analysis provides an effective option for gaining such information, but data from field-sampled individuals are often greatly affected by the local composition of their host plants. The polyphagous mirid bug (Meyer-Dür) seasonally migrates across the Bohai Sea, and molecular analysis of migrant bugs collected on crop-free islands can be used to estimate the host plant use of across the large area (northern China) from where these individuals come.

Counties not countries: Variation in host specificity among populations of an aphid parasitoid.

Parasitic wasps are among the most species-rich groups on Earth. A major cause of this diversity may be local adaptation to host species. However, little is known about variation in host specificity among populations within parasitoid species.

Silicon amendment to rice plants contributes to reduced feeding in a phloem-sucking insect through modulation of callose deposition.

Silicon (Si) uptake by Poaceae plants has beneficial effects on herbivore defense. Increased plant physical barrier and altered herbivorous feeding behaviors are documented to reduce herbivorous arthropod feeding and contribute to enhanced plant defense. Here, we show that Si amendment to rice () plants contributes to reduced feeding in a phloem feeder, the brown planthopper (, BPH), through modulation of callose deposition.

Parallel evolution of behaviour during independent host-shifts following maize introduction into Asia and Europe.

Maize was introduced into opposite sides of Eurasia 500 years ago, in Western Europe and in Asia. This caused two host-shifts in the phytophagous genus ; (the European corn borer; ECB) and (the Asian corn borer; ACB) are now major pests of maize worldwide. They originated independently from Dicot-feeding ancestors, similar to (the Adzuki bean borer; ABB).

Variation of life-history traits of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis in relation to temperature and geographical latitude.

Life-history traits from four geographical populations (tropical Ledong population [LD], subtropical Guangzhou [GZ] and Yongxiu populations, and temperate Langfang population [LF]) of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis were investigated at a wide range of temperatures (20-32°C). The larval and pupal times were significantly decreased with increasing rearing temperature, and growth rate was positively correlated with temperature. The relationship between body weight and rearing temperature in O.