Simplifying Wheat Quality Assessment: Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Analysis of Variance Simultaneous Component Analysis to Study Regional and Annual Effects.

Assessing the quality of wheat, one of humanity's most important crops, in a straightforward manner, is essential. In this study, analysis of variance (ANOVA) simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) paired with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used as an easy-to-implement and environmentally friendly tool for this purpose. The capabilities of combining NIRS with ASCA were demonstrated by studying the effects of sampling site and year on the quality of 180 Austrian wheat samples across four sites over 3 years.

Bioactive Compounds of Green Phenolic Extracts Obtained via Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Species Grown in Greece.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the polyphenolic compounds extracted from five species grown in Greece; , , , , and using the Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) process. To maximize the extraction yield (EY), total phenolic compounds (TPC), hypolaetin (HYP) and isoscutellarein (ISC), derivative contents (target phenolics), the response surface methodology was used for . A Box-Behnken design was undertaken to study the effect of ethanol concentration (30-100%), extraction temperature (40-100 °C), and extraction time (5-25 min) on the responses.

A sensitive batch detection of using SYBR Green real-time PCR.

(BBTV) is the most destructive viral disease of banana crop in the Philippines. The disease causes heavy damage to important local varieties, 'Lakatan' and 'Cavendish'. Infected planting materials can cause long-term disease transmission causing geographical location to dictate genetic variation among viral strains.

A chromosome-level genome assembly of the Peruvian Algarrobo (Neltuma pallida) provides insights on its adaptation to its unique ecological niche.

The dry forests of northern Peru are dominated by the legumous tree Neltuma pallida which is adapted to hot arid and semiarid conditions in the tropics. Despite having been successfully introduced in multiple other areas around the world, N. pallida is currently threatened in its native area, where it is invaluable for the dry forest ecosystem and human subsistence.

Alternative hosts of banana bunchy top virus in the Philippines and the first evidence of seed transmission of BBTV.

Banana bunchy top disease is caused by (BBTV). BBTV is transmitted locally by aphids ( spp.), but the long-distance spread is through the movement of infected planting materials.

Genome-wide evaluation of gene editing outcomes using CRISPR/Cas9 in seed propagated and vegetatively propagated .

CRISPR/Cas9 is the most popular genome editing platform for investigating gene function or improving traits in plants. The specificity of gene editing has yet to be evaluated at a genome-wide scale in seed-propagated (L.) Crantz (camelina) or clonally propagated L.

SpudDB: A database for accessing potato genomic data.

Potato is a key food crop with a complex, polyploid genome. Advancements in sequencing technologies coupled with improvements in genome assembly algorithms have enabled generation of phased, chromosome-scale genome assemblies for cultivated tetraploid potato. The SpudDB database houses potato genome sequence and annotation, with the doubled monoploid DM 1-3 516 R44 (hereafter DM) genome serving as the reference genome and haplotype.

Water Deprivation and Sowing Times Alter Plant-Pollination Interactions and Seed Yield in Sunflower, L. (Asteraceae).

Climate change effects, including temperature extremes and water stress, cause abiotic stress in plants. These changes directly affect flowering and the flower reward system for pollinators, influencing plant-pollinator interactions and ultimately seed production in flowering plants. Here, we tested the effects of water deprivation on the behavior of various pollinator species, plant-pollinator interactions, and the seed yield of sunflower, L.

Soybean genomics research community strategic plan: A vision for 2024-2028.

This strategic plan summarizes the major accomplishments achieved in the last quinquennial by the soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genetics and genomics research community and outlines key priorities for the next 5 years (2024-2028).

Enhancing prediction accuracy of grain yield in wheat lines adapted to the southeastern United States through multivariate and multi-environment genomic prediction models incorporating spectral and thermal information.

Enhancing predictive modeling accuracy in wheat (Triticum aestivum) breeding through the integration of high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) data with genomic information is crucial for maximizing genetic gain. In this study, spanning four locations in the southeastern United States over 3 years, models to predict grain yield (GY) were investigated through different cross-validation approaches. The results demonstrate the superiority of multivariate comprehensive models that incorporate both genomic and HTP data, particularly in accurately predicting GY across diverse locations and years.

The rice genome annotation project: an updated database for mining the rice genome.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major cereal crop that provides calories across the world. With a small genome, rice has been used extensively as a model for genetic and genomic studies in the Poaceae.

Isolated Mediterranean foraging: wild greens in the matrifocal community of Olympos, Karpathos Island, Greece.

Background: Studies on the in-depth documentation of wild greens use in the Mediterranean Diet (MD) are vital to understanding patterns of cross-geographical change in wild food ingredients in the Mediterranean context, their appreciated taste, and possible evolution. Our present study aims to document the leafy, wild-sourced plant portion of the MD in the unique and isolated matrifocal community of Olympos, North Karpathos Isle, Greece.

Methods: An ethnobotanical field study focussing on traditionally wild-sourced edible greens (chórta) was conducted during the spring of 2023 via 42 semi-structured interviews with local people.

Characterization of Natural Bioactive Compounds from Greek Oregano Accessions Subjected to Advanced Extraction Techniques.

Nowadays, eco-friendly extraction techniques are often used to develop natural plant extracts for commercial use. In the current investigation, Greek oregano () phenolic extracts from different cultivated accessions were recovered employing ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). The phytochemical profile of the oregano extracts, as determined by spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques, as well as antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays), was used to compare the three extraction approaches.

A strategy for identification and characterization of genic mutations using a temperature-sensitive chlorotic soybean mutant as an example.

Screening a transposon-mutagenized soybean population led to the discovery of a recessively inherited chlorotic phenotype. This "y24" phenotype results in smaller stature, weaker stems, and a smaller root system. Genome sequencing identified 15 candidate genes with mutations likely to result in a loss of function.

A major role of class III HD-ZIPs in promoting sugar beet cyst nematode parasitism in Arabidopsis.

Cyst nematodes use a stylet to secrete CLE-like peptide effector mimics into selected root cells of their host plants to hijack endogenous plant CLE signaling pathways for feeding site (syncytium) formation. Here, we identified ATHB8, encoding a HD-ZIP III family transcription factor, as a downstream component of the CLE signaling pathway in syncytium formation. ATHB8 is expressed in the early stages of syncytium initiation, and then transitions to neighboring cells of the syncytium as it expands; an expression pattern coincident with auxin response at the infection site.

High-resolution gene expression atlases of two contrasting major Greek olive (Olea europaea L.) tree cultivars for oil and table olive production.

Description Of Aims And Systems Used: Olive (Olea europea L.) is one of the most economically important tree crops worldwide, especially for the countries in the Mediterranean basin. Given the economic and nutritional importance of the crop for olive oil and drupe production, we generated transcriptional atlases for the Greek olive cultivars "Chondrolia Chalkidikis" and "Koroneiki" which have contrasting characteristics in terms of fruit development, oil production properties, and use.

Cell-type-aware regulatory landscapes governing monoterpene indole alkaloid biosynthesis in the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus.

In plants, the biosynthetic pathways of some specialized metabolites are partitioned into specialized or rare cell types, as exemplified by the monoterpenoid indole alkaloid (MIA) pathway of Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar Periwinkle), the source of the anticancer compounds vinblastine and vincristine. In the leaf, the C. roseus MIA biosynthetic pathway is partitioned into three cell types with the final known steps of the pathway expressed in the rare cell type termed idioblast.

First report of ergot caused by in switchgrass ( L.) in Georgia, USA.

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a North American grass species with biofuel potential. Claviceps spp.

Assessing Biofungicides and Host Resistance against Rhizoctonia Large Patch in Zoysiagrass.

Rhizoctonia large patch ( AG2-2 LP) significantly reduces turfgrass quality, aesthetics, and playability. Synthetic fungicides are commonly used for managing this disease, but they present high costs, potential for fungicide resistance, and environmental concerns. We conducted in vitro assays to test the effectiveness of three biofungicides, seven synthetic fungicides, and ten combinations against .

Genetic architecture of phosphorus-use-efficiency across diverse environmental conditions: Insights from maize elite and landrace lines.

Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for all crops. Thus, a better understanding of the genetic control of phosphorus-use-efficiency reflected in physiological, developmental, and morphological traits and its environmental plasticity is required to establish the basis for maintaining or enhancing yield while making agriculture more sustainable. In this study, we utilized a diverse panel of maize (Zea mays L.

Overexpression of Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid Gene TrIAA27 Enhances Biomass, Drought, and Salt Tolerance in .

White clover ( L.) is an important forage and aesthetic plant species, but it is susceptible to drought and heat stress. The phytohormone auxin regulates several aspects of plant development and alleviates the effects of drought stress in plants, including white clover, by involving auxin/indole acetic acid (Aux/IAA) family genes.