3PbOI·2CsI: the salt-inclusion strategy enriches the structural chemistry in lead oxyhalides.

The design and synthesis of new mid-infrared functional crystals with novel structures and excellent properties is a hot topic in the materials science research field. Different from the traditional mid-far infrared crystal systems, such as chalcogenides and phosphides, a recently developed heavy metal oxyhalide, with a wide bandgap and transmittance range, is a very promising mid-infrared crystal material research system. Herein, the first case of a salt-inclusion compound in lead oxyhalides, CsPbOI (3PbOI·2CsI), has been synthesized by a high-temperature solution method.

Synchronous Interference of Dual Metabolic Pathways Mediated by HS Gas/GOx for Augmenting Tumor Microwave Thermal Therapy.

Sublethal tumor cells have an urgent need for energy, making it common for them to switch metabolic phenotypes between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for compensatory energy supply; thus, the synchronous interference of dual metabolic pathways for limiting energy level is essential in inhibiting sublethal tumor growth. Herein, a multifunctional nanoplatform of Co-MOF-loaded anethole trithione (ADT) and myristyl alcohol (MA), modified with GOx and hyaluronic acid (HA) was developed, namely, CAMGH. It could synchronously interfere with dual metabolic pathways including glycolysis and OXPHOS to restrict the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supply, achieving the inhibition to sublethal tumors after microwave (MW) thermal therapy.

Evaluation of the effect of Ela tablets in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy based on rat experiments and screening strategy for quality markers of Ela tablets targeting aldose reductase.

Ela tablets (ALP) is a traditional Uyghur medicinal formulation comprising 9 herbs. Clinical applications have demonstrated its potential in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, its specific medicinal effects and pharmacodynamic components have not been elucidated.

Recent Advances in Strategies to Enhance Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy Performance of Single-Component Organic Phototherapeutic Agents.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have emerged as promising treatment options, showcasing immense potential in addressing both oncologic and nononcologic diseases. Single-component organic phototherapeutic agents (SCOPAs) offer advantages compared to inorganic or multicomponent nanomedicine, including better biosafety, lower toxicity, simpler synthesis, and enhanced reproducibility. Nonetheless, how to further improve the therapeutic effectiveness of SCOPAs remains a challenging research area.

Structural Similarity in Natural Products Leading to Sample Misidentification: A Case Study of the Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloids Oxyacanthine and Berbamine.

The similar structures of natural compounds and the absence of NMR data for commercial products raise the risk of misidentification. This work reports a case in which purchased samples labeled as "berbamine" from 14 suppliers are oxyacanthine (). The NMR data of all purchased samples were consistent.

Porphyrin-based Vinylene-linked 3D Covalent Organic Framework with Unprecedented cya Topology for Photocatalytic H2O2 Production.

Designing and realizing new topologies represent one of the most important ways toward developing new structures and functionalities for molecule-based frameworks including SOFs, MOFs, and COFs. Herein, Aldol condensation between 5,10,15,20-tetrayl(tetrakis(([1,1':3',1''-terphenyl]-4,4''-dicarbaldehyde)))-porphyrin (TTEP) and 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-triazine (TMT) affords the vinylene-linked 3D covalent organic framework Por-COF-cya. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) in combination with structural simulation reveals its high crystalline structure with an unprecedented cya topology in the molecule-based frameworks reported thus far.

Nitrogen-Bridged S-N-Cu Sites for CO2 Photoreduction to Ethanol with 99.5% Selectivity in Pure Water.

Solar-driven CO2 reduction to ethanol is extremely challenging due to the limited efficiency of charge separation, sluggish kinetics of C-C coupling, and unfavorable formation of oxygenate intermediates. Here, we elaborately design a red polymer carbon nitride (RPCN) consisting of S-N and Cu-N4 dual active sites (Cu/S-RPCN) to address this challenge, which achieves an impressive ethanol evolution rate of 50.4 µmol g-1 h-1 with 99.

Visualizing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy in Alzheimer's Model Cells by a Peroxynitrite-Responsive AIEgen Fluorescent Probe.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy (ER-phagy) occurring in nerve cells are crucial physiological processes closely associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Visualizing the two processes is paramount to advance our understanding of AD pathologies. Among the biomarkers identified, peroxynitrite (ONOO) emerges as a key molecule in the initiation and aggravation of ER stress and ER-phagy, highlighting its significance in the underlying mechanisms of the two processes.

Capturing short-range and long-range dependencies of nucleotides for identifying RNA N6-methyladenosine modification sites.

N-methyladenosine (mA) plays a crucial role in enriching RNA functional and genetic information, and the identification of mA modification sites is therefore an important task to promote the understanding of RNA epigenetics. In the identification process, current studies are mainly concentrated on capturing the short-range dependencies between adjacent nucleotides in RNA sequences, while ignoring the impact of long-range dependencies between non-adjacent nucleotides for learning high-quality representation of RNA sequences. In this work, we propose an end-to-end prediction model, called mASLD, to improve the identification accuracy of mA modification sites by capturing the short-range and long-range dependencies of nucleotides.

PbSiOCl and PbCaSiO: Two Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Materials Exhibit a Moderate Second Harmonic Generation Response.

Finding novel efficient nonlinear optical materials with large second-order nonlinearity for the UV spectral range remains a formidable challenge, especially for silicate systems. Using a high-temperature solid reaction in a tight vacuum environment, two ultraviolet nonlinear optical materials with a moderate second harmonic generation (SHG) response have been created: PbSiOC and PbCaSiO. The SHG values they computed are roughly 2.

Stacked meshes with super-wettability atmospheric plasma for efficient emulsion separation.

Common filter membranes for emulsion separation often require time-intensive preparation and extensive use of chemicals, necessitating a fast-processing and eco-friendly alternative. This study introduces a 2-layer stacked nylon mesh treated with surface diffuse atmospheric plasma (SDAP) for rapid and efficient emulsion separation. Commercial nylon mesh exhibited durable super-wetting properties after just 30 s of SDAP treatment, which was sufficient for effective emulsion separation.

Facile Formation of Durable SiO-TiO Coatings on Plastic Films for Self-Cleaning and Antifogging.

Surface fogging affects the light transmittance of various transparent materials and poses potential safety hazards. Superhydrophilic TiO surfaces can effectively prevent fogging by promoting continuous water film formation; however, they often struggle to maintain stable hydrophilicity and adhesion on plastic films. Self-cleaning and antifogging coatings on plastic substrates are crucial for applications requiring long-term clarity and minimal maintenance costs.

Preparation of Robust, Antireflective and Superhydrophobic Hierarchical Coatings on PMMA Substrates via Mechanical Locking and Chemical Bonding.

Antireflection (AR) coatings with mechanical robustness and superhydrophobic properties have wide potential applications in optical, electronic, and automotive fields. However, the fabrication of large-sized, robust, and multifunctional AR coatings on plastic/polymer substrates has been a challenging problem. In this study, we developed a bottom-up approach to produce mechanically robust, enhanced transmittance, and superhydrophobic coatings on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrate.

Lignin Tandem Catalytic Transformation to Phenolic Aryl Acrylic Esters as Plant Growth Regulators.

Based on the concept "Derived from Agroforestry, belong to (Servicing) Agroforestry", we herein achieved the tandem catalytic transformation of lignin to phenolic aryl acrylic esters, which can work as plant growth regulators. The transformation involves the first catalytic oxidative fractionation (COF) of lignin into aromatic aldehydes, which can further undergo Knoevenagel condensation with acids/esters with active Cα-H to generate the phenolic aryl acrylic esters. For the first lignin transformation, the Cu salt (CuSO4) in a 7.

The New Paradigm of Ligand Substitution-Driven Enhancement of Anisotropy from SO Units in Short-Wavelength Region.

For non-π-conjugated [SO] units, it is challenging to generate sufficient birefringence, owing to the high symmetry of the regular tetrahedron. Unlike the traditional trial-and-error approach, we propose a new paradigm for birefringence engineering to tune the optical properties based on [SO] units. Through the strategy of ligand substitution, we can predict its effect on the band gap and anisotropy.

Pt single atoms promoting the construction of asymmetric double sites to achieve highly selective photoreduction of CO to ethylene.

In this work, Pt single atoms (SAs) were engineered on the surface of CdInS (CIS) to trigger abundant generation and stable existence of sulfur vacancies (S). Through quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and work function analysis, the photogenerated electrons are first captured by Pt SAs and S, and then transferred from Pt SAs to S, ultimately increasing the electron density of S. Meanwhile, S have significant advantages in adsorbing CO molecules.

Photocatalytic Oxidative Coupling of Methane to Ethane Using CO as a Soft Oxidant over the Au/TiO-V Nanosheets.

Photocatalytic oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) offers an appealing route for converting greenhouse gas into valuable C hydrocarbons. However, O as the most commonly used oxidant, tends to result in inevitable overoxidation and waste of methane feedstock. Herein, we first report a photocatalytic OCM using CO as a soft oxidant for CH production under mild conditions, where an efficient photocatalyst with unique interface sites is designed and constructed to facilitate CO adsorption and activation, while concurrently boosting CH dissociation.

Simultaneous Imaging of pH and Peroxynitrite in the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria: Revealing Organelle Interactions in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis.

pH and peroxynitrite (ONOO) are two critical biomarkers to unveil the corresponding status of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which are closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Simultaneously monitoring pH and ONOO fluctuations in the ER and mitochondria during AD progression is pivotal for clarifying the interplay between the disorders of the two organelles and revealing AD pathogenesis. Herein, we designed and synthesized a dual-channel fluorescent probe (DCFP) to visualize pH and ONOO in the ER and mitochondria.

Visible-Light-Induced -Quinone Methides Formation in Situ Using -Alkylarenols as Precursors for Tandem [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction.

Reported herein is the generation of -quinone methides (-QMs) via metal-free visible-light-induced oxidation of -alkylarenols, as well as their subsequent reaction with olefins to afford chromans in good to excellent yields (up to 91%). The key is the selective activation of the benzylic C(sp)-H bond of -alkylarenols via single electron transfer (SET) and the formation of -QMs via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT).

Novel double-layered PLGA microparticles-dissolving microneedle (MPs-DMN) system for peptide drugs sustained release by transdermal delivery.

The combination of microparticles (MPs) with dissolving microneedles (DMN) represents a promising transdermal approach for the sustained release of biomacromolecule drug. In this study, we developed a double-layered microparticles-dissolving microneedle (MPs-DMN) system, which strategically concentrates PLGA MPs at the tip of the microneedle to achieve sustained release of peptide drugs through transdermal delivery. We selected exenatide (EXT) as a model peptide drug and established HPLC-UV and UPLC-MS methods for the quantitative analysis of the drug content of MPs-DMN and drug concentrations in plasma.

Harvesting ionic power from a neutralization reaction through a heterogeneous graphene oxide membrane.

Nanofluidics is a system of fluid transport limited to a nano-confined space, including the transport of ions and molecules. The use of intelligent nanofluidics has shown great potential in energy conversion. However, ion transport is hindered by homogeneous membranes with uniform charge distribution and concentration polarization, which often leads to an undesirable power conversion performance.

Suppression of Nonradiative Decay in TADF Emitters via a Macrocyclic Strategy: An Experimental Study.

To experimentally investigate the impact of macrocyclic structures on the nonradiative decay rate constants () of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), a macrocyclic molecule L-ring and its analogue NL-ring were designed and synthesized. The photophysical measurements reveal their TADF characteristics, and the of the L-ring (4.19 × 10 s) is slower than that of the NL-ring (1.

Injectable polydopamine/curcumin dual-modified polylactic acid/polycaprolactone coaxial staple fibers for chronotropic treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in the oral and maxillofacial region. Traditional treatments for OSCC, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, often lead to severe adverse effects. Therefore, the development of safe and effective novel cancer therapies is crucial for achieving synergistic cancer treatment, significantly enhancing patient survival and quality of life.

An integrated transcriptomic analysis of brain aging and strategies for healthy aging.

Background: It is been noted that the expression levels of numerous genes undergo changes as individuals age, and aging stands as a primary factor contributing to age-related diseases. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether there are common aging genes across organs or tissues, and whether these aging genes play a pivotal role in the development of age-related diseases.

Methods: In this study, we screened for aging genes using RNAseq data of 32 human tissues from GTEx.

Emergent Mid-Infrared Nonlinear Optical Candidates With Targeted Balance Performances.

Infrared nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal materials exert a crucial role in laser technology, which is extensively utilized in the fields of medical laser, long-distance laser communication, infrared laser guidance, etc. Currently, the commercially available infrared NLO crystals are diamond-like structural crystals AgGaQ (Q = S, Se) and ZnGeP. However, their applications are significantly limited owing to their inherent drawbacks, such as low laser damage thresholds and narrow band gaps.