Chaos and anomalous transport in a semiclassical Bose-Hubbard chain.

We study chaotic dynamics and anomalous transport in a Bose-Hubbard chain in the semiclassical regime (the limit when the number of particles goes to infinity). We find that the system has mixed phase space with both regular and chaotic dynamics, even for long chains with up to 100 wells. The consequence of the mixed phase space is strongly anomalous diffusion in the space of occupation numbers, with a discrete set of transport exponents.

The explainable potential of coupling hybridized metaheuristics, XGBoost, and SHAP in revealing toluene behavior in the atmosphere.

Toluene is a neurotoxic aromatic hydrocarbon and one of the major representatives of volatile organic compounds, known for its abundance, adverse health effects, and role in the formation of other atmospheric pollutants like ozone. This research introduces the enhanced version of the reptile search metaheuristics algorithm which has been utilized to tune the extreme gradient boosting hyperparameters, to investigate toluene atmospheric behavior patterns and interactions with other polluting species within defined environmental conditions. The study is based on a two-year database encompassing concentrations of inorganic gaseous contaminants every hour (NO, NO, NOx, and O), particulate matter fractions (PM, PM, and PM), m,p-xylene, toluene, benzene, total non-methane hydrocarbons, and meteorological data.

Efficiency of clustering methods and self-organizing maps of Adriatic sardines and anchovies regarding organochlorine and fatty acid burden.

The Adriatic Sea plays a crucial role as both a significant fishing ground and a thriving trading market for small pelagic edible fish. Recognized for their nutritional value, these fish are esteemed for their high protein content and abundance of polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, making them a sought-after and healthful food choice. Nevertheless, pelagic species can also serve as a reservoir for lipophilic organochlorine pollutants, posing potential risks to human health.

In vivo femtosecond laser nanosurgery of the cell wall enabling patch-clamp measurements on filamentous fungi.

Studying the membrane physiology of filamentous fungi is key to understanding their interactions with the environment and crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies for disease-causing pathogens. However, their plasma membrane has been inaccessible for a micron-sized patch-clamp pipette for pA current recordings due to the rigid chitinous cell wall. Here, we report the first femtosecond IR laser nanosurgery of the cell wall of the filamentous fungi, which enabled patch-clamp measurements on protoplasts released from hyphae.

Non-fluorescent transient states of tyrosine as a basis for label-free protein conformation and interaction studies.

The amino acids tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine have been extensively used for different label-free protein studies, based on the intensity, lifetime, wavelength and/or polarization of their emitted fluorescence. Similar to most fluorescent organic molecules, these amino acids can undergo transitions into dark meta-stable states, such as triplet and photo-radical states. On the one hand, these transitions limit the fluorescence signal, but they are also highly environment-sensitive and can offer an additional set of parameters, reflecting interactions, folding states, and immediate environments around the proteins.

Investigation of the OAM EM wave tissue irradiation at millimeter-wave frequencies.

Recently, there has been an increase of interest in the use of electromagnetic (EM) waves with helical wavefronts, known as the orbital angular momentum (OAM) waves. Applications in the field of biomedicine have been foreseen, such as medical imaging and diagnosis, deep-tissue imaging, biosensing, and communication with medical implants. Other possible applications include various localized tissue treatments or tissue ablation.

Analysis of pharmacokinetic profile and ecotoxicological character of cefepime and its photodegradation products.

An important problem is the impact of photodegradation on product toxicity in biological tests, which may be complex and context-dependent. Previous studies have described the pharmacology of cefepime, but the toxicological effects of its photodegradation products remain largely unknown. Therefore, photodegradation studies were undertaken in conditions similar to those occurring in biological systems insilico, in vitro, in vivo and ecotoxicological experiments.

An upgrade of the primary length standard of Republic of Serbia where digital stabilization is performed by Arduino Due board.

An upgrade of the electronic system for frequency stabilization of the HeNe laser, primary length standard of Republic of Serbia, based on digital electronics, is described. Arduino microcontrollers have been used for stabilization, and laptop computer has been used only to communicate with the user. In addition, an analog electronics has been developed in order to boost the performance of the setup.

A comparative study of the predictive performance of different descriptor calculation tools: Molecular-based elution order modeling and interpretation of retention mechanism for isomeric compounds from METLIN database.

In the pharmaceutical industry, the need for analytical standards is a bottleneck for comprehensive evaluation and quality control of intermediate and end products. These are complex mixtures containing structurally related molecules. In this regard, chromatographic peak annotation, especially for critical pairs of isomers and closest structural analogs, can be supported by using a Quantitative Structure Retention Relationship (QSRR) approach.

Bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements in leafy and tuberous vegetables: a comparison based on meta-analysis studies with a cumulative health risk assessment.

Seventy seven research papers published from 1986 to 2018 were observed. These papers investigated PTEs (Pb, Cd, Cu, As, Fe, Zn, Ni, and total Cr) in leafy (mint, spinach, coriander, and lettuce) and tuberous (potato, carrot, radish, and onion) vegetables irrigated by wastewater. The studies observed in our paper were conducted in 19 countries.

Evaluation of Sputtering Processes in Strontium Iridate Thin Films.

The growth of epitaxial thin films from the Ruddlesden-Popper series of strontium iridates by magnetron sputtering is analyzed. It was found that, even using a non-stoichiometric target, the films formed under various conditions were consistently of the perovskite-like n = ∞ SrIrO phase, with no evidence of other RP series phases. A detailed inspection of the temperature-oxygen phase diagram underscored that kinetics mechanisms prevail over thermodynamics considerations.

Temperature Sensing Properties of Biocompatible Yb/Er-Doped GdF and YF Mesocrystals.

YGdF:Yb/Er mesocrystals with a biocompatible surface and diverse morphological characteristics were successfully synthesized using chitosan-assisted solvothermal processing. Their structural properties, studied using X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis, were further correlated with the up-conversion emission (λ = 976 nm) recorded in function of temperature. Based on the change in the visible green emissions originating from the thermally coupled H and S levels of Er, the corresponding LIR was acquired in the physiologically relevant range of temperatures (25-50 °C).

Morphology of the pygidial glands and chemical composition of their secretions in two species of tiger beetles (Carabidae: Cicindelinae).

Pygidial glands are a common feature of all adephagans and their products play an important role in defense against predators. The morphology of the pygidial glands and the chemistry of their secretion were studied for the first time in two species of tiger beetles - Cicindela (Cicindela) sylvicola Dejean, 1822 and Cylindera (Cylindera) germanica (Linnaeus, 1758). The glands were examined by both bright-field microscopy and nonlinear microscopy.

Tailoring electronic and optical properties of hBN/InTe and hBN/GaTe heterostructures through biaxial strain engineering.

In this research study, we systematically investigate the electronic and optical properties of van der Waals heterostructures (HSs) consisting of InTe (GaTe) and hBN monolayers, subjected to controlled biaxial strain. Our analysis demonstrates that the application of strain induces noteworthy alterations in the electronic band structure, enabling precise manipulation of the band gap and augmentation of the absorption properties of these structures. Employing density functional theory, we conduct a comprehensive examination of the influence of strain on the electronic and optical characteristics of these HSs.

Engineering Ultrasoft Interactions in Stiff All-DNA Dendrimers by Site-Specific Control of Scaffold Flexibility.

A combined experimental and theoretical study of the structural correlations in moderately concentrated suspensions of all-DNA dendrimers of the second generation (G2) with controlled scaffold rigidity is reported here. Small-angle X-ray scattering experiments in concentrated aqueous saline solutions of stiff all-DNA G2 dendritic constructs reveal a novel anomalous liquid-like phase behavior which is reflected in the calculated structure factors as a two-step increase at low scattering wave vectors. By developing a new design strategy for adjusting the particle's internal flexibility based on site-selective incorporation of single-stranded DNA linkers into the dendritic scaffold, it is shown that this unconventional type of self-organization is strongly contingent on the dendrimer's stiffness.

Space-resolved average kinetic energy of ion swarms in a uniform electric field.

A pulse of noninteracting charged particles in an unbounded gas, exposed to a low, constant, homogeneous electric field, was studied in both space and time using a Monte Carlo simulation technique. The difference in electrical potential between the leading and trailing edges of the swarm results in the space-resolved average ion kinetic energy becoming a linearly increasing function of space. This Letter analyzes whether the average ion kinetic energy at the leading edge reaches a stationary value during the spatiotemporal evolution of the swarm, as has been considered so far.

Investigating theoretical and experimental cross sections for elastic electron scattering from isoflurane.

We present a comprehensive analysis of elastic electron scattering from isoflurane in the intermediate energy range of 50-300 eV. This research is motivated by the significant impact of this molecule on global warming effects. We conducted this investigation through experimental measurements using a crossed-beam apparatus and covering a wide angular range from 25 to 125 degrees.

Systems Biology Approaches to Understanding COVID-19 Spread in the Population.

In essence, the COVID-19 pandemic can be regarded as a systems biology problem, with the entire world as the system, and the human population as the element transitioning from one state to another with certain transition rates. While capturing all the relevant features of such a complex system is hardly possible, compartmental epidemiological models can be used as an appropriate simplification to model the system's dynamics and infer its important characteristics, such as basic and effective reproductive numbers of the virus. These measures can later be used as response variables in feature selection methods to uncover the main factors contributing to disease transmissibility.

A large 'Active Magnetic Shield' for a high-precision experiment: nEDM collaboration.

We present a novel Active Magnetic Shield (AMS), designed and implemented for the n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. The experiment will perform a high-sensitivity search for the electric dipole moment of the neutron. Magnetic-field stability and control is of key importance for n2EDM.

Photosynthetic reaction center/graphene bio-hybrid for low-power optoelectronics.

Photosynthetic reaction center (pRC) purified from 2.4.1 purple bacteria was deposited on a graphene carrier exfoliated from the liquid phase and layered on the surface of SiO/Si substrate for optoelectronic application.

Differential Antioxidant Response to Supplemental UV-B Irradiation and Sunlight in Three Basil Varieties.

Three basil plant varieties ( var. Genovese, × , and var. ) were grown under moderate light (about 300 µmol photons m s) in a glasshouse or growth chamber and then either transferred to an open field (average daily dose: 29.

calculations of temperature dependent electronic structures of inorganic halide perovskite materials.

Despite wide interest in halide perovskite materials, it is still challenging to accurately calculate their electronic structure and its temperature dependence. In this work, we present calculations of the temperature dependence of the electronic structure of CsPbX materials (X = Cl, Br or I) in the cubic form and of the zero temperature electronic structure of the orthorhombic phase of these materials. Phonon-induced temperature dependent band energy renormalization was calculated within the framework of Allen-Heine-Cardona theory, where we exploited the self-consistent procedure to determine both the energy level shifts and their broadenings.

Current stage and future development of Belgrade collisional and radiative databases/datasets of importance for molecular dynamics.

Atomic and molecular (A&M) databases that contain information about species, their identities and radiative/collisional processes are essential and helpful tools that are utilized in many fields of physics, chemistry, and chem/phys-informatics. Errors or inconsistencies in the datasets are a serious issue since they can lead to inaccurate predictions and generate problems with the modeling. This demonstrates that data curation efforts around A&M databases are still indispensable and that in the curation process studious attention is required.

Mapping the Direction of Nucleocytoplasmic Transport of Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) in Live Cells Using Two-Foci Cross-Correlation in Massively Parallel Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (mpFCS).

Nucleocytoplasmic transport of transcription factors is vital for normal cellular function, and its breakdown is a major contributing factor in many diseases. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is an evolutionarily conserved, ligand-dependent transcription factor that regulates homeostasis and response to stress and is an important target for therapeutics in inflammation and cancer. In unstimulated cells, the GR resides in the cytoplasm bound to other molecules in a large multiprotein complex.

Human health risk assessment based on direct and indirect exposure to endocrine disrupting herbicides in drinking, ground, and surface water in Croatia.

The recognition of certain herbicides as endocrine disrupting compounds has raised concerns due to their ability to interfere with the normal functioning of the endocrine system, which regulates various physiological processes in organisms. The objective of this study was to assess the possible human health risks associated with terbuthylazine and endocrine-disrupting herbicides atrazine, acetochlor, and metolachlor in the drinking, surface, and groundwater of the Zagreb city region, Croatia. We relied on advanced statistical methods and principal component analysis (PCA), which revealed higher levels of atrazine and acetochlor in drinking and groundwater samples and higher presence of metolachlor and terbuthylazine in surface waters.