Corrosion protection properties of tetraphenylethylene-based inhibitors toward carbon steel in acidic medium.

Four novel corrosion inhibitors (1, 2, 3 and 4) integrating different tetraphenylethylene (TPE) cations and thiocyanate (SCN) anions were developed. Weight-loss and electrochemical measurements were employed to assess their protective properties toward carbon steel in 0.5 M HSO, revealing them as effective corrosion inhibitors in the order of 3 > 4 > 2 > 1, with the inhibition efficiencies of 2, 3 and 4 all exceeding 97%.

Ultra-repeatability measurement of calorific value of coal by NIRS-XRF.

Calorific value is an important indicator to evaluate the comprehensive quality of coal, and its real-time and rapid analysis is of great significance for optimizing the coal blending process and improving boiler combustion efficiency. Traditional assays are time-consuming, and prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) have certain limitations. In this paper, a novel technique for ultra-repeatability measurement of coal calorific value by combining near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is proposed.

Influence of the Au-Ti Active Site of the Titanosilicate MWW Zeolite on the Catalytic Activity of Ethane Dehydrogenation in the Presence of O.

The titanosilicate zeolite with a MWW topology structure was synthesized by the atom-planting method through the dehydrochlorination of the hydroxyl group in the deboronated ERB-1 zeolite (D-ERB-1) and TiCl, and Au was further loaded with the deposition precipitation method to apply for the ethane direct dehydrogenation (DH) and dehydrogenation of ethane in the presence of O (O-DH). It was found that Au nanoparticles (NPs) below 5 nm exhibited good activity for ethane direct dehydrogenation and O-DH. The addition of titanium can not only anchor more Au but also make Au have a more dispersed homogeneous distribution.

Engineering Z-Scheme FeOOH/PCN with Fast Photoelectron Transfer and Surface Redox Kinetics for Efficient Solar-Driven CO Reduction.

Solar-driven conversion of carbon dioxide (CO) without sacrificial agents offers an attractive alternative in sustainable energy research; nevertheless, it is often retarded by the sluggish water oxidation kinetics and severe charge recombination. To this end, a Z-scheme iron oxyhydroxide/polymeric carbon nitride (FeOOH/PCN) heterojunction, as identified by quasi X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, is constructed. In this heterostructure, the two-dimensional FeOOH nanorod provides rich coordinatively unsaturated sites and highly oxidative photoinduced holes to boost the sluggish water decomposition kinetics.

Fluorescent probe for highly selective detection of cysteine in living cells.

Cys play an important physiological role in the human body. Abnormal Cys concentration can cause many diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to detect Cys with high selectivity and sensitivity in vivo.

Reaction Pathway of 1-Decene Cracking to Produce Light Olefins over H-ZSM-5 at Ultrahigh Temperature.

The effect of reaction temperature and weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) on the reaction of 1-decene cracking to ethylene and propylene over H-ZSM-5 zeolite was investigated. Also, the thermal cracking reaction of 1-decene was studied by cracking over quartz sand as blank. It was observed that 1-decene undergoes a significant thermal cracking reaction above 600 °C over quartz sand.

Revealing the Crystal Phase-Activity Relationship on NiRu Alloy Nanoparticles Encapsulated in N-Doped Carbon towards Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Adjusting the crystal phase of a metal alloy is an important method to optimize catalytic performance. However, detailed understanding about the phase-property relationship for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is still limited. In this work, the crystal phase-activity relationship of NiRu nanoparticles is studied employing N-doped carbon shell coated NiRu nanoparticles with different phase contents.

N-Coordinated Cu-Ni Dual-Single-Atom Catalyst for Highly Selective Electrocatalytic Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia.

As a traditional method of ammonia (NH ) synthesis, Haber-Bosch method expends a vast amount of energy. An alternative route for NH synthesis is proposed from nitrate (NO ) via electrocatalysis. However, the structure-activity relationship remains challenging and requires in-depth research both experimentally and theoretically.

Exposure to novel brominated and organophosphate flame retardants and associations with type 2 diabetes in East China: A case-control study.

The alternative flame retardants, novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are ubiquitous in the environment and biota and may induce endocrine disruption effects. Associations between traditional endocrine-disrupting chemicals and type 2 diabetes have been extensively reported in epidemiological studies. However, the effects of NBFRs and OPFRs in humans have not been reported to date.

Boosting CO Catalytic Oxidation Performance via Highly Dispersed Copper Atomic Clusters: Regulated Electron Interaction and Reaction Pathways.

Copper-loaded ceria (Cu/CeO) catalysts have become promising for the catalytic oxidation of industrial CO emissions. Since their superior redox property mainly arises from the synergistic effect between Cu and the CeO support, the dispersion state of Cu species may dominate the catalytic performance of Cu/CeO catalysts: the extremely high or low dispersity is disadvantageous for the catalytic performance. The nanoparticle catalysts usually present few contact sites, while the single-atom catalysts tend to be passivated due to their relatively single valence state.

Exploring the Dehydrogenation Reaction Pathway of Perhydro-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons over the Pt/AlO Catalyst as Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers by In Situ DRIFT.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been paid more attention as liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) because of their high hydrogen storage, easy transportation, low price, and other advantages. Dehydrogenation is the key point of the PAH hydrogen storage. However, the dehydrogenation reaction rate of perhydro-PAHs is slow, and their pathway is still not clear.

Effective synergies in indium oxide loaded with zirconia mixed with silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve number 34 catalysts for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to lower olefins.

Tandem catalysts consisting of metal oxides and zeolites have been widely studied for catalytic carbon dioxide (CO) hydrogenation to lower olefins, while the synergies of two components and their influence on the catalytic performance are still unclear. In this study, the composite catalysts composed of indium oxide loaded with zirconia (InO/ZrO) and silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve number 34 (SAPO-34) are developed. Performance results indicate that the synergies between these two components can promote CO hydrogenation.

Study on direct identification of bacteria by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

Bacteria are everywhere in the natural environment. Although most of them are harmless, there are still some hazardous bacteria that will harm human health, so it is particularly important to identify bacteria quickly. Compared with traditional time-consuming and complicated identification methods, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is one of the potential technologies for rapid identification of bacteria.

One-step nitrogen defect engineering of polymeric carbon nitride for visible light-driven photocatalytic O reduction to HO.

Polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) is an important metal-free photocatalyst for visible light-driven hydrogen peroxide (HO) production from O reduction. Herein, we synthesized the DPCN catalysts possessing nitrogen defects by one-step thermal polymerization of urea in N stream. As compared to the PCN conventionally synthesized in static air, X-ray photoelectrons spectroscopy (XPS) characterization disclosed that there are more pyridinic N defects in the DPCN catalysts, which is attributed to the removal of a proportion of NH released from urea pyrolysis by flowing N.

Tailored nitrogen-defect induced by diels-alder reaction for enhanced electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction.

Electrocatalytic water splitting in an alkaline medium is recognized as the promising technology to sustainably generate clean hydrogen energy via hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), while the sluggish water dissociation and subsequent *H adsorption steps greatly retarded the reaction kinetics and efficiency of the overall hydrogen evolution process. Whilst nitrogen (N)-doped carbon-based materials are attractive candidates for promoting HER activity, the facile fabrication and gaining a deeper insight into the electrocatalytic mechanism are still challenging. Herein, inspired by the Diels-Alder reaction, we precisely tailored six-membered pyridinic N and five-membered pyrrolic N sites at the edge of the carbon substrates.

A novel MOFs-induced strategy for preparing anatase-free hierarchical TS-1 zeolite:synthesis routes, growth mechanisms and enhanced catalytic performance.

Titanosilicate-1 zeolites (TS-1) as one of the most commonly used catalysts for alkene epoxidation, construction of hierarchical pores as well as elimination of anatase to promote mass transportation and avoid invalid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide are always desirable yet challenging goals. Here, a novel and unique Ti-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs)-induced synthetic strategy for fabricating anatase-free hierarchical TS-1 was first proposed. All the components of MOFs perform different functions: the uniformly distributed Ti nodes replace conventional tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) to serve as sole Ti source for constructing zeolite crystal; the separated ligands can be embedded in the zeolite framework and act as template to in situ build hierarchical pore structure; the coordination interaction between Ti nodes and ligands can efficiently avoid the anatase generation by balancing the forming rates of Ti-OH and Si-OH.

Effect of lubricating base oil on the oxidation behavior of diesel exhaust soot.

In this study, the oxidation behaviors of soot particles from diesel engine when using neat diesel fuel (DF) and lubricating base oil-blended fuel (BBF) were investigated. The changes in the average particle size and nanostructure parameters during soot oxidation process were analyzed. Exhaust particulate matter (PM) samples were collected from a four-stroke, four-cylinder and turbo0charged diesel engine operated under 1200 rpm and 200 Nm.

Rapid determination of viscosity and viscosity index of lube base oil based on near-infrared spectroscopy and new transformation formula.

Viscosity and viscosity index are the key product properties in lubricating oil production process. Rapid and even online analysis of viscosity and viscosity index through near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics is helpful to optimize the production process. However, due to the nonlinear effect, the commonly used linear multivariate correction method is not effective.

Gypsum scale formation and inhibition kinetics with implications in membrane system.

Water desalination using membrane technology is one of the main technologies to resolve water pollution and scarcity issues. In the membrane treatment process, mineral scale deposition and fouling is a severe challenge that can lead to filtration efficiency decrease, permeate quality compromise, and even membrane damage. Multiple methods have been developed to resolve this problem, such as scale inhibitor addition, product recovery ratio adjustment, periodic membrane surface flushing.

Acute effect of high-intensity interval exercise on vascular endothelial function and possible mechanisms of wall shear stress in young obese males.

To investigate the mechanisms of wall shear stress (WSS) responsible for the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on vascular endothelial function in young obese males. A within-subject study design was used. We examined the response of the reactive hyperemia index (RHI) to acute HIIE in young obese males ( = 20, age = 20.

Contribution of nitrous oxide to the carbon footprint of full-scale wastewater treatment plants and mitigation strategies- a critical review.

Nitrous oxide (NO), a potent greenhouse gas, significantly contributes to the carbon footprint of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and contributes significantly to global climate change and to the deterioration of the natural environment. Our understanding of NO generation mechanisms has significantly improved in the last decade, but the development of effective NO emission mitigation strategies has lagged owing to the complexity of parameter regulation, substandard monitoring activities, and inadequate policy criteria. Based on critically screened published studies on NO control in full-scale WWTPs, this review elucidates NO generation pathway identifications and emission mechanisms and summarizes the impact of NO on the total carbon footprint of WWTPs.

Synthesis of [B,Al]-EWT-Type Zeolite and Its Catalytic Properties.

EWT zeolite belongs to ultra-large pore zeolite with the 10MR and 21MR channels, which has good thermal stability, certain acid strength and good application prospects in petroleum refining and petrochemical reactions. However, EWT zeolite has fewer medium/strong acid sites, especially Brönsted acid sites, which makes it difficult to apply to acid-catalyzed reactions. The regulation of acid amount and distribution was achieved by boron and aluminum substitution into the siliceous framework of EWT.