Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Conjunctiva: A Population-Based Study on Epidemiologic Trends, Cancer-Specific Survival Patterns, and the Risk of Second Malignant Neoplasms, 1975 to 2016.

Purpose: To analyze the national epidemiologic trends of squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (SCCC) over 4 decades, providing the largest report on disease-specific survival (DSS) outcomes and investigating the risk of developing second primary neoplasms in these patients.

Methods: This retrospective, population-based cohort study analyzed 1,172 patients diagnosed with SCCC from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 2016. Data were extracted from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Identification and verification of the optimal feature genes of ferroptosis in thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Background: Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the orbital adipose tissue, primarily causing oxidative stress injury and tissue remodeling in the orbital connective tissue. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death driven by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), iron metabolism disorder, and lipid peroxidation. This study aims to identify and validate the optimal feature genes (OFGs) of ferroptosis with diagnostic and therapeutic potential in TAO orbital adipose tissue through bioinformatics analysis and to assess their correlation with disease-related immune cell infiltration.

Orbital computed tomography imaging characteristics of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

This study aims to investigate the distribution characteristics and correlations of orbital soft tissue volume expansion in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) by analyzing orbital computed tomography (CT) data and to determine the most appropriate parameters and corresponding cut-off values for imaging classification. Patients with TAO who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, along with those with lacrimal duct obstruction requiring orbital CT examination, were included in the study. Raw CT data were imported into Mimics and RadiAnt software for analysis, and measurements of orbital volume, orbital fat volume, extraocular muscle volume, optic nerve volume, and exophthalmos were obtained.

Three-dimensional cell spheroid culture and cell viability study of uveal melanoma cell line C918 with luteolin treatment.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the morphological and histological characteristics of three-dimensional cell spheroids derived from the uveal melanoma (UM) cell line C918 and assess the impact of luteolin on their cell viability.

Methods: C918 cells were cultured in ultra-low adsorption 96-well plates, and morphological changes in C918 three-dimensional cell spheroids were observed over varying time intervals. Histological features of C918 multicellular spheroids cultured in ultra-low adsorption 6-well plates were examined using both HE staining and immunohistochemical staining.

A national analysis of systemic adverse events of beta-blockers used for glaucoma therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate systemic complications for timolol, carteolol, levobunolol, and/or betaxalol by using an FDA Federal Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: We evaluated FAERS for adverse events associated with β-blocker use for glaucoma. All reported symptoms were reviewed to identify systemic adverse events and to detect safety signals, defined as information on a new or known side effect that may be caused by a medicine.

Ocular Adverse Effects of Over-the-Counter Cosmetics and Personal Care Products Reported to the Food and Drug Administration.

Purpose: Personal care and cosmetic products can cause periocular and ocular adverse effects (AEs), for example, ocular surface disease, trauma, and hypersensitivity. The publicly available Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition Adverse Event Reporting System (CAERS) database includes AE reports by consumers, healthcare practitioners, and manufacturers. The purpose of this study was to characterize ophthalmic AE associated with cosmetics and personal care products reported by the FDA CAERS database.

Bayesian network analysis of drug treatment strategies for thyroid associated ophthalmopathy.

Background: The first line treatment for moderate to severe active thyroid associated ophthalmopathy is glucocorticoid pulse therapy, but for patients with contraindications to hormone therapy or hormone resistance, it is urgent to find a suitable treatment plan.

Aims: To find a reliable alternative to hormone pulse therapy for thyroid associated ophthalmopathy by comparing the efficacy with first-line treatment regimens.

Methods: Search PubMed, Ovid, Web of science, Cochrane library, and Clinical Trials.

Adjunctive use of netarsudil 0.02% in the treatment of refractory glaucoma: a one year analysis.

Purpose: This study evaluates the long-term adjunctive use of netarsudil ophthalmic solution 0.02% in lowering IOP in patients with refractory glaucoma.

Methods: This retrospective chart review study was conducted at a tertiary care center.

Biomechanical analysis of an absorbable material for treating fractures of the inferior orbital wall.

Aim: To investigate the biomechanical properties and practical application of absorbable materials in orbital fracture repair.

Methods: The three-dimensional (3D) model of orbital blowout fractures was reconstructed using Mimics21.0 software.

SIRT4 Protects Müller Glial Cells Against Apoptosis by Mediating Mitochondrial Dynamics and Oxidative Stress.

SIRT4 is a member of the sirtuin family, which is related to mitochondrial function and possesses antioxidant and regulatory redox effects. Currently, the roles of SIRT4 in retinal Müller glial cells, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function are still unclear. We confirmed, by immunofluorescence staining, that SIRT4 is located mainly in the mitochondria of retinal Müller glial cells.

Efficacy of Faricimab versus Aflibercept in Diabetic Macular Edema in the 20/50 or Worse Vision Subgroup in Phase III YOSEMITE and RHINE Trials.

Purpose: Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network Protocol T suggests that the response to treatment among patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) may vary depending on baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). We evaluated the efficacy of faricimab 6 mg versus aflibercept 2 mg over 2 years in patients with DME and baseline BCVA of 20/50 or worse enrolled in faricimab phase III trials.

Design: YOSEMITE and RHINE were identically designed, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, active comparator-controlled, noninferiority trials.

Biomechanical analysis of fixation methods for bone flap repositioning after lateral orbitotomy approach: A finite element analysis.

Objective: In ophthalmic surgery, different materials and fixation methods are employed for bone flap repositioning after lateral orbitotomy approach (LOA), yet there is no unified standard. This study aims to investigate the impact of different fixation strategies on orbital stability through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations of the biomechanical environment for orbital rim fixation in LOA.

Methods: A Finite Element Model (FEM) was established and validated to simulate the mechanical responses under various loads in conventional lateral orbitotomy approach (CLOA) and deep lateral orbital decompression (DLOD) using single titanium plate, double titanium plates, and double absorbable plates fixation methods.

The Pathophysiology of Keratoconus.

Purpose: Keratoconus is a progressive disease characterized by changes in corneal shape, resulting in loss of visual function. There remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding its underlying pathophysiology. This review aims to bridge this gap by exploring structural failures and inflammatory processes involved in the etiology and progression of keratoconus.

CD38 Deficiency Protects Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells Through Activating the NAD+/Sirt1 Pathway in Ischemia-Reperfusion and Optic Nerve Crush Models.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of CD38 deletion on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a mouse retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model and an optic nerve crush (ONC) model, and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Retinal I/R and ONC models were constructed in mice. PCR was used to identify the deletion of CD38 gene in mice, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate the changes in retinal morphology, and electroretinogram (ERG) was used to evaluate the changes in retinal function.

Effect of navigation endoscopy combined with three-dimensional printing technology in the treatment of orbital blowout fractures.

Aim: To explore the combined application of surgical navigation nasal endoscopy (NNE) and three-dimensional printing technology (3DPT) for the adjunctive treatment of orbital blowout fractures (OBF).

Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of patients with OBF who underwent surgical treatment at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University between July 2012 and November 2022. The control group consisted of patients who received traditional surgical treatment (=43), while the new surgical group (=52) consisted of patients who received NNE with 3DPT.

Analysis of postoperative complications of orbital fracture.

Objective: To analyze the types and causes of complications following orbital fracture reconstruction and enhance clinicians' capacity to manage or prevent such complications.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case series analysis, retrospectively collecting and analyzing clinical data of patients with orbital fractures who received surgical treatment at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University from May 2012 to May 2022. Descriptive statistics were employed to document common postoperative complications, and we recorded complications persisting after a minimum 6-month follow-up period.

Noninvasive Light Flicker Stimulation Promotes Optic Nerve Regeneration by Activating Microglia and Enhancing Neural Plasticity in Zebrafish.

Purpose: Forty-hertz light flicker stimulation has been proven to reduce neurodegeneration, but its effect on optic nerve regeneration is unclear. This study explores the effect of 40-Hz light flicker in promoting optic nerve regeneration in zebrafish and investigates the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Wild-type and mpeg1:EGFP zebrafish were used to establish a model of optic nerve crush.

Blind Spots in Therapy: Unveiling Drug-Induced Angle-Closure Glaucoma Through a National Analysis.

Objective: To identify and quantify medications causing angle-closure glaucoma through the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Design: National retrospective database analysis.

Subjects: There were 11 737 133 total adverse event reports from the FDA Federal Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database 2004 to third quarter of 2023 (2023Q3), which included 1629 reports of angle-closure glaucoma.

Application of sentiment and word frequency analysis of physician review sites to evaluate refractive surgery care.

Background: Online physician reviews increase transparency in health care, helping patients make informed decisions about their provider. Language processing techniques can quantify this data and allow providers to better understand patients' experiences, perspectives, and priorities. The objective of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and understand the aspects of care that are valued by patients seeking refractive care using sentiment and word frequency analysis.