Integrated lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals diacylglycerol accumulation in olive of Longnan (China).

Background: Olive ( L.) oil accumulate more diacylglycerols (DAG) than mostly vegetable oils. Unsaturated fatty acids-enriched DAG consumption enhanced wellness in subjects.

First Record of Neofusicoccum luteum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Anthracnose and Stem End Rot on Avocado Fruits in Greece.

In May 2022, rot symptoms were observed 5 days after storage on fresh avocado fruits cv "Lamb Hass" harvested from a 3.4 ha organic orchard in Chania, Crete exhibiting 30% symptom incidence. Brownish-green sunken lesions and soft rot with dark brown lesions covering up to 50% of the mesocarp on fruits and blackish soft lesions on fruit stem ends were observed.

Classification of olive cultivars by machine learning based on olive oil chemical composition.

Extra virgin olive oil traceability and authenticity are important quality indicators, and are currently the subject of exhaustive research, for developing methods to secure olive oil origin-related issues. The aim of this study was the development of a classification model capable of olive cultivar identification based on olive oil chemical composition. To achieve our aim, 385 samples of two Greek and three Italian olive cultivars were collected during two successive crop years from different locations in the coastline part of western Greece and southern Italy and analyzed for their chemical characteristics.

Complete genome sequence of a carlavirus identified in grapevine (Vitis sp) in Greece.

Using high-throughput sequencing, we identified a novel carlavirus sequence in a 28-year-old 'Kotsifali' grapevine sample collected in Heraklion (Crete, Greece). Using RT-PCR and 5'/3' RACE together with Sanger sequencing, the complete genome sequence of 8299 nt was confirmed and found to contain five open reading frames (ORFs) but to lack an ORF6, which is present in some members of the genus Carlavirus. The novel sequence is most similar to those of two carlaviruses infecting caper, and taking into account the ICTV nomenclature, we propose the name "grapevine carlavirus 1" for this new virus.

Plants exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles acquired contrasting photosynthetic and morphological strategies depending on the growing light intensity: a case study in radish.

Due to the photocatalytic property of titanium dioxide (TiO), its application may be dependent on the growing light environment. In this study, radish plants were cultivated under four light intensities (75, 150, 300, and 600 μmol m s photosynthetic photon flux density, PPFD), and were weekly sprayed (three times in total) with TiO nanoparticles at different concentrations (0, 50, and 100 μmol L). Based on the obtained results, plants used two contrasting strategies depending on the growing PPFD.

Identification and genetic diversity of grapevine virus L in Greece.

In this study, grapevine virus L (GVL) was identified for the first time in Greece through the application of high-throughput sequencing of total RNA from grapevine samples. Further investigation of the prevalence of GVL in Greek vineyards by RT-PCR revealed its presence in 5.5% (31/560) of the tested samples, which originated from six viticultural areas of the country.

Incidence and Epidemiology of Citrus Viroids in Greece: Role of Host and Cultivar in Epidemiological Characteristics.

Viroids represent a threat to the citrus industry and also display an intricate matter for citrus tristeza virus (CTV) control as most of the commercial citrus rootstocks that are resistant/tolerant to CTV appear to be highly susceptible to viroid infection. Therefore, a detailed knowledge of the viroid's incidence and distribution, along with the assessment of unexplored epidemiological factors leading to their occurrence, are necessary to further improve control measures. Herein, a large-scale epidemiological study of citrus viroids in five districts, 38 locations and 145 fields in Greece is presented, based on the analysis of 3005 samples collected from 29 cultivars of six citrus species.

Components of TOR and MAP kinase signaling control chemotropism and pathogenicity in the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae.

Filamentous fungi can sense useful resources and hazards in their environment and direct growth of their hyphae accordingly. Chemotropism ensures access to nutrients, contact with other individuals (e.g.

Crop Wild Relatives: A Valuable Source of Tolerance to Various Abiotic Stresses.

Global climate change is one of the major constraints limiting plant growth, production, and sustainability worldwide. Moreover, breeding efforts in the past years have focused on improving certain favorable crop traits, leading to genetic bottlenecks. The use of crop wild relatives (CWRs) to expand genetic diversity and improve crop adaptability seems to be a promising and sustainable approach for crop improvement in the context of the ongoing climate challenges.

Analysis of Wine-Producing L. Biotypes, Autochthonous to Crete (Greece), Employing Ampelographic and Microsatellite Markers.

ssp. (domesticated grapevine) includes thousands of cultivars, which are classified according to their main uses, as wines, fresh fruits or dried raisins and sultanas since ancient times. Evidence showed that Crete grapevine cultivars and winemaking date back to 2300 BC.

Molecular diagnostics for monitoring insecticide resistance in the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis.

Background: Insecticide resistance has emerged in various western flower thrips (WFT) populations across the world, threatening the efficiency of chemical control applications. Elucidation of insecticide resistance mechanisms at the molecular level provides markers for the development of diagnostics to monitor the trait and support evidence-based resistance management.

Results: TaqMan and Droplet Digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) diagnostics were developed and validated, against Sanger sequencing, in individual and pooled WFT samples respectively, for the G275E mutation (nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α6 gene, nAChR α6) associated with resistance to nAChR allosteric modulators, site I (spinosyns); L1014F, T929I, T929C and T292V mutations (voltage-gated sodium channel gene, vgsc) linked with pyrethroid resistance; and I1017M (chitin synthase 1 gene, chs1) conferring resistance to growth inhibitors affecting CHS1 (benzoylureas).

Identification and complete genome sequencing of a divergent olive virus T isolate and an olive leaf yellowing-associated virus isolate naturally infecting olive trees in Greece.

Several new full genome sequences of olive viruses came to light recently via high-throughput sequencing (HTS) analysis. In this study, total RNA HTS analysis of two Greek olive trees revealed the presence of an olive virus T (OlVT) isolate and an olive leaf yellowing-associated virus (OLYaV) isolate. The full viral genome of OlVT isolate (50Ch) is composed of 6862 nucleotides encoding for three proteins (replicase, movement protein, and capsid protein) with typical betaflexiviruses' genomic features.

Effect of explant type (leaf, stem) and 2,4-D concentration on callus induction: influence of elicitor type (biotic, abiotic), elicitor concentration and elicitation time on biomass growth rate and costunolide biosynthesis in gazania (Gazania rigens) cell suspension cultures.

Gazania rigens (L.) Gaertn. (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant with high ornamental potential and use in landscaping.

Next-generation molecular diagnostics (TaqMan qPCR and ddPCR) for monitoring insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci.

Background: Insecticide resistance has developed in several populations of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci worldwide and threatens to compromise the efficacy of chemical control. The molecular mechanisms underpinning resistance have been characterized and markers associated with the trait have been identified, allowing the development of diagnostics for individual insects.

Results: TaqMan and Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) assays were developed and validated, in individual and pooled whitefly samples, respectively, for the following target-site mutations: the acetylcholinesterase (ace1) F331W mutation conferring organophosphate-resistance; the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) mutations L925I and T929V conferring pyrethroid-resistance; and the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (acc) A2083V mutation conferring ketoenol-resistance.

First Report of Hooper, 1961 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Greece.

Longidorid nematodes comprise more than 500 species, and and are the most diversified, prevalent, and cosmopolitan genera within plant-parasitic nematodes. The genus comprise a group of species, some of which are vectors of plant viruses. New sampling for needle nematodes was carried out in a grapevine area in Thessaloniki, northern Greece, and one nematode species of () was recovered.

A web-based GIS platform supporting innovative irrigation management techniques at farm-scale for the Mediterranean island of Crete.

The aim of this paper is the creation of an integrated and free-access web platform for parcel irrigation water management on a large spatial scale (Water District of Crete, in Greece) in order to: a) accurately determine the irrigation needs of the main crops for Crete such as olives, citrus, avocados and vineyards, b) design strategies, for optimal adaptation of the agricultural sector in the context of climate change, and c) incorporate the dynamic integration of the above information through the creation of a digital platform. In the proposed decision-making system, essential factors are taken into account, such as real-time meteorological data, information about the type and spatial distribution of the agricultural parcels in Crete, algorithms for calculation crop evapotranspiration per development stage and age of the crops, satellite remote sensing techniques in combination with field surveys to depict accurate soil texture map for the whole island of Crete as well as sustainable cultivation practices for saving water per crop and parcel geomorphology. Based on the proposed decision-making system, users will have the opportunity in any specific location/farm in Crete to know the irrigation needs of the crops in real-time and obtain information about proper climate-water adaptation practices.

Introducing Three-Dimensional Scanning for Phenotyping of Olive Fruits Based on an Extensive Germplasm Survey.

Morphological characterization of olive (Olea europaea L.) varieties to detect desirable traits has been based on the training of expert panels and implementation of laborious multiyear measurements with limitations in accuracy and throughput of measurements. The present study compares two- and three-dimensional imaging systems for phenotyping a large dataset of 50 olive varieties maintained in the National Germplasm Depository of Greece, employing this technology for the first time in olive fruit and endocarps.

Transcriptomic profile of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on different host plants.

Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite, effective at controlling whiteflies and thrips in protected crops. However, on tomato its efficacy as a biocontrol agent is hindered, most probably by the plant trichomes and their exudates. Our aim was to characterize the response of A.

The regulatory role of γ-aminobutyric acid in chickpea plants depends on drought tolerance and water scarcity level.

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid with multifunctional roles in dynamic plant responses. To determine the effects of exogenous GABA application (0, 25 and 50 µM) on drought response, two chickpea cultivars with contrasting tolerance to water deficit were examined. Plants were exposed to four irrigation levels (irrigation to 100, 60, 40 and 20% field capacity).

Fungicide resistance frequencies of Botrytis cinerea greenhouse isolates and molecular detection of a novel SDHI resistance mutation.

Sensitivity of B. cinerea to commonly used fungicides against Gray mold with emphasis to the newer quinone outside inhibitor (QoIs), and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) was assessed during a monitoring survey from vegetable greenhouses in four representative regions of Crete. 42% from a total of 168 isolates were simultaneously resistant to boscalid, fluopyram, pyraclostrobin and fenhexamid but not to fludioxonil making this phenylpyrrole fungicide an excellent anti-resistance antifungal agent.

Nature-Based One Health Approaches to Urban Agriculture Can Deliver Food and Nutrition Security.

The increasing global human population is projected to reach 9.7 billion people by 2050. This population growth is currently linked to the trends of world-wide urbanization, growth of megacities and shifting dietary patterns.