Time-series InSAR measurement using ICOPS and estimation of along-track surface deformation using MAI during the 2021 eruption of Fagradalsfjall Volcano, Iceland.

The eruption in Fagradalsfjall Volcano, located in Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland, from several centuries' dormant states, occurred for the first time on March 19, 2021. Observations of Fagradalsfjall Volcano were conducted in 2021, and the eruption period lasted for six months until 18 September 2021. Six days pair of interferograms were generated from ninety synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data.

Characterisation of High Alkaline-Tolerant Novel Ulvan Lyase from : Potential Applications of Enzyme Derived Oligo-Ulvan as Anti-Diabetic Agent.

Green algae, particularly species, are rich in complex polysaccharides, such as ulvan, which have significant potential for biotechnological applications. However, the biochemical properties of ulvan depolymerised products remain underexplored. The enzymatic depolymerisation of ulvan has garnered attention owing to its cost advantages over alternative methods.

A Lucknolide Derivative Induces Mitochondrial ROS-Mediated G2/M Arrest and Apoptotic Cell Death in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells.

Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with a high risk of cancer-related deaths, and inducing apoptosis in melanoma cells is a promising therapeutic strategy. This study investigates the anti-tumor potential of a novel lucknolide derivative LA-UC as a therapeutic candidate for melanoma. Lucknolide A (LA), a tricyclic ketal-lactone metabolite isolated from marine-derived sp.

The effects of expanded polystyrene particle on energy metabolism of the sea slater (Ligia cinerascens) originating from a highly EPS-polluted area.

Due to its high concentration and persistence, microplastic (MP) pollution is a major threat to marine environments. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) particles are the most abundant MP type in Asian regions, including the Korean coastal region. Although many previous studies have reported the toxicity of MPs to marine biota, the toxicity of environmentally relevant MPs to coastal organisms is not well understood.

Phylosymbiosis in Seven Wild Fish Species Collected Off the Southern Coast of Korea: Skin Microbiome Most Strongly Reflects Evolutionary Pressures.

Phylosymbiosis is defined as the relationship in which the microbiome recapitulates the phylogeny of the host and has been demonstrated in a variety of terrestrial organisms, although it has been understudied in fish, the most phylogenetically diverse vertebrate. Given that the species-specificity of fish microbiomes was detected in multiple body parts and differed by body parts, we assumed that the phylogenetic reflection of the microbiome would differ across body parts. Thus, we analyze the difference of phylosymbiotic relationships in the microbial communities found in three body parts (skin, gills, and intestine) of seven wild fish species from four families (Labridae, Sebastidae, Sparidae, and Rajidae) via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.

The enzymatic and transcriptional adverse effects of hull in-water cleaning discharge on juvenile rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli).

The hull in-water cleaning (IWC) process creates chemical contaminants, including antifouling paint particle mixtures that are directly discharged into the coastal environment. Recent attention has also been paid to the international regulation of ship hull cleaning discharges in environmental media. However, few studies have investigated the adverse effects or toxic pathways on resident marine species.

Moisturizing Effects of Alcalase Hydrolysate Fractions from Viscera, a Marine Organism, on Human Dermal Fibroblasts, HaCaT Keratinocytes, and Reconstructed Human Skin Tissues.

, an abalone, is a marine gastropod mollusk that has been cultivated globally owing to its nutritional value and high market demand. However, the visceral parts of are typically discarded as by-products, highlighting the need to explore their potential value in developing cosmeceuticals and pharmaceuticals. This study investigated the potential moisturizing effects of visceral tissues.

Comparative Secretory Efficiency of Two Chitosanase Signal Peptides from Bacillus subtilis in Escherichia coli.

The production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli is often challenged by cytoplasmic expression due to proteolytic degradation and inclusion body formation. Extracellular expression can overcome these problems by simplifying downstream processing and improving protein yields. This study aims to compare the efficiency of two Bacillus subtilis chitosanase signal peptides in mediating extracellular secretion in E.

Characteristics and sources of potentially toxic elements in road-deposited sediments at the Port of Busan, South Korea: A key contributor to port sediments pollution.

This study investigated the spatial distribution and chemical characteristics of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in road-deposited sediments (RDS) at the Port of Busan by size fraction. Enrichment factor (EF) values for Zn, Cd, and Sb in fine RDS <250 μm were 52-69, 49-78, and 46-44, respectively, indicating 'extremely high enrichment'. Various statistical analyses, including PCA and PMF models, revealed a strong correlation between pollution levels in RDS <250 μm and vehicle type, identifying non-exhaust emissions (NEE) of vehicles as a primary source of PTEs in RDS from the port.

Ship-based visual observation underestimates plastic debris in marine surface water.

Visual observation surveys from ships are commonly used for monitoring floating marine debris, but their detection performance has not yet been fully verified. Here, simultaneous visual observation surveys and surface trawling were conducted in three coastal areas of South Korea, each with distinct characteristics. The extent of floating debris missed by visual observations was assessed, and the characteristics of overlooked debris were identified.

Sesterterpenoids isolated from the marine sponge Coscinoderma bakusi.

Twelve neomanoalide derivatives (1-12) and two halisulfate derivatives (13 and 14), nine of which are unprecedented (4-9, 11, 12, and 14; coscilides A-H and halisulfate 11, respectively), were isolated from the sponge Coscinoderma bakusi. The previously unreported neomanoalide derivatives show distinct features in their 6,7-double bond geometry (4 and 9) or terpenoid moieties (5-8, 11, and 12) compared to the reported ones, as elucidated using NMR spectroscopy and HRMS analysis. Among these derivatives, compounds 11 and 12 contain terpenoid moieties that are rarely found in marine natural products.

Development of a cerebellar ataxia diagnosis model using conditional GAN-based synthetic data generation for visuomotor adaptation task.

This study proposes a synthetic data generation model to create a classification framework for cerebellar ataxia patients using trajectory data from the visuomotor adaptation task. The classification objectives include patients with cerebellar ataxia, age-matched normal individuals, and young healthy subjects. Synthetic data for the three classes is generated based on class conditions and random noise by leveraging a combination of conditional adversarial generative neural networks and reconstruction networks.

3D-printed polycaprolactone/collagen/alginate scaffold incorporating phlorotannin for bone tissue regeneration: Assessment of sub-chronic toxicity.

The development of effective scaffolds for bone regeneration is crucial given the increasing demand for innovative solutions to address bone defects and enhance healing process. In this study, a polycaprolactone/fish collagen/alginate (P/FC/A) 3D scaffold incorporating phlorotannin was developed to promote bone tissue regeneration. While the efficacy of the P/FC/A scaffold has been demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo experiments, its sub-chronic toxicity in animal models remains understudied, raising concerns regarding its safety in clinical application.

Impact of Bond-Slip Models on Debonding Behavior in Strengthened RC Slabs Using Recycled Waste Fishing Net Sheets.

This study investigated the performance of recycled waste fishing net sheets (WSs) as a sustainable strengthening material for reinforced concrete (RC) slabs. The primary challenge addressed is the debonding failure caused by the low bond strength at the WS-to-concrete interface. To analyze this, two full-scale RC slabs-one with and one without strengthening-were cast and tested under a four-point bending setup.

Exploring auxotrophy and engineering vitamin B prototrophy in the acetogen sp. AWRP.

Unlabelled: Gas fermentation using acetogenic bacteria requires a chemically defined minimal medium to be established. This approach not only helps in creating a cost-effective medium but also allows for a thorough exploration of their metabolic potential. In this study, the auxotrophy of the acetogen sp.

Statistical analysis of the association between El Niño and the biological carbon pump in the East Sea (Japan Sea).

Understanding the impacts of climate change on oceanic carbon cycling is important from a carbon sequestration perspective. A sediment trap study focused on the biological carbon pump system in the Ulleung Basin (UB) in the southwestern part of the East Sea (Japan Sea) was conducted from 2011 to 2017. Particulate organic carbon (POC) flux significantly increased by 37, 56, and 43% from 2014 to 2016 during the El Niño phase.

A comprehensive review on Compton camera image reconstruction: from principles to AI innovations.

Compton cameras have emerged as promising tools in biomedical imaging, offering sensitive gamma-ray imaging capabilities for diverse applications. This review paper comprehensively overviews the latest advancements in Compton camera image reconstruction technologies. Beginning with a discussion of the fundamental principles of Compton scattering and its relevance to gamma-ray imaging, the paper explores the key components and design considerations of Compton camera systems.

The Antioxidant Effects of Trypsin-Hydrolysate Derived from Abalone Viscera and Fishery By-Products, and the Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Activity of Its Purified Bioactive Peptides.

Abalone is a rich source of nutrition, the viscera of which are discarded as by-product during processing. This study explored the biological activities of peptides derived from abalone viscera (AV). Trypsin-hydrolysate of AV (TAV) was purified into three fractions using a Sephadex G-10 column.

Therapeutic Effect of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix from Fish Skin for Accelerating Skin Regeneration.

A cellular matrix derived from natural tissue functions as a highly biocompatible and versatile material for wound healing application. It provides a complex and highly organized environment with biological molecules and physical stimuli. Recently, various kinds of tissue/organ decellularized extracellular matrixes (dECMs) from bovine and porcine have been used as biomedical applications to support tissue regeneration but inherit religious restrictions and the risk of disease transmission to humans.

Effect of Salinity and Salmon Pituitary Extract on the Expression of Reproduction and/or Salinity-Related Genes in the Pituitary Cells of Japaneses Eel.

Artificial sexual maturation of eel () involves rearing in seawater and injecting salmon pituitary extract (SPE). The salinity of seawater and components of SPE influence hormonal activities of the eel pituitary, leading to gonad development. This study investigated the direct effects of salinity change and SPE treatment on the eel pituitary gland using primary cell cultures.

The toxic effects of exposure to fibrous and fragmented microplastic in juvenile rockfish based on two omics approach.

Although the hazards of environmental microplastics (MPs) are well known, it is unclear which of their characteristics have the greatest effects on organism. We investigated the toxic effects of oral administration according to physical properties, including the shape of fragmented polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (FrPET) and fibrous PET (FiPET) MPs. After 72 h of exposure, apoptosis and phagocytic activity varied significantly among juvenile rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) exposed to both FrPET and FiPET.

Size-dependent toxic interaction between polystyrene beads and mercury on the mercury accumulation and multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) of brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis.

Due to their worldwide distribution and persistence, mercury (Hg), and nano- and microplastics (NMPs) pose major threats to global ocean ecosystems. Hg and NMPs co-exist in the ocean and can interact with each other. However, information on the toxicity of this interaction to marine biota remains limited.

Estimation of bottom microplastic flux in the Indonesian seas.

Marine debris, particularly microplastics, is an important environmental problem for Indonesia, impacting vast coastline and diverse marine ecosystems. However, little is known about the microplastics flux to the seafloor in the Indonesian Seas. This study employs HYCOM data and Lagrangian particle tracking model to analyze the distribution of microplastics flux to the seafloor from 68 rivers in Indonesia.