944 results match your criteria: "Institute of Occupational Safety[Affiliation]"

Causal effects of promotion to managerial positions on mental health and satisfaction in Japanese male workers.

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

December 2024

Social Science and Occupational Health Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Nagao 6-21-1, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki, 214-8585, Japan.

Purpose: We estimated the static and dynamic effects of promotion to managerial positions on mental health and satisfaction using the recent estimation method; we addressed the gap in extant research by considering the heterogeneity in treatment timing to reconfirm evidence regarding the causal effects of promotion.

Methods: We used a modified estimation method of two-way fixed effects recommended by (Callaway and Sant'Anna, J Econom 225:200-230, 2021). To check for robustness, we compared the analyses using propensity sample matching, an alternative treatment timing heterogeneity-robust analysis, and a normal two-way fixed effects event study.

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The purpose of the present study is to contribute to the establishment of a standard method for evaluating the adverse effects of nanomaterials by intratracheal administration. Low and high doses of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were administered to rats in a single administration or the same final dose as the single administration but divided over four administrations. Bronchoalveolar lavage examination on day 14 showed an inflammatory reaction and cytotoxicity in the lung, generally greater at the higher dose, and tending to be greater in the rats with four administrations at both the low and high doses.

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Objectives: To examine the association between maternal plasma cotinine concentrations during pregnancy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) related characteristics in children.

Design: Prospective birth cohort study from the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health.

Setting: Hokkaido, Japan.

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We examined cardiovascular responses during driving and investigated the effects of different break patterns on these responses. Forty-seven males in their 40s and 50s participated, and the protocol included three driving sets with four break patterns. One driving set consisted of 1 hour of city driving and 1 hour of highway driving.

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Background: The manufacturing sector in Malaysia has been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This is further exacerbated by Long COVID-19 symptoms among the manufacturing workers, which are proven to influence work performance and quality of life. Of note, there is currently a lack of knowledge regarding the burden of Long COVID-19 in the Malaysian manufacturing sector.

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Obesity-related metabolic syndrome is intimately associated with infiltrated adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), gut microbiota, and metabolic disorders. holds the potential to mitigate obesity; however, there exist strain-specific functionalities and diverse mechanisms, which deserve extensive exploration. This study aims to explore the potential of Y01, isolated from traditional sour whey, in alleviating HFD-induced metabolic syndrome in mice and elucidating its underlying mechanism.

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Purpose: Prolonged sitting time (ST) has been suggested as a risk factor for CVD. Particularly, occupational ST (OST) is determined by occupation-specific activities and can impact the health status of workers. However, there is limited information on the impact of OST across different occupations among Japanese workers.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to evaluate a new mouse model with a humanized Toll-like receptor-4 (hTLR-4) to investigate nickel allergy by assessing how it affects skin sensitization in mice.
  • - Mice with the hTLR-4 receptor were exposed to nickel sulfate and showed significantly higher immune responses, including increased lymph node cellularity and elevated levels of IgE and various cytokines compared to hTLR-4-negative mice.
  • - Results indicate that the hTLR-4 mouse model is more susceptible to nickel sensitization, making it a promising tool for future research on nickel allergy and its mechanisms.
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Humans use environmental context for facilitating object searches. The benefit of context for visual search requires learning. Modeling the learning process of context for efficient processing is vital to understanding visual function in everyday environments.

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Background: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) presents motor skill delays in early childhood and has been associated with later maladaptation, necessitating early intervention. However, research on the potential risk factors, particularly in preschool-aged children, remains scarce.

Aims: We aimed to explore the association between small for gestational age (SGA) and other factors and motor coordination problems in 5-6-year-olds from the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health Cohort.

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Article Synopsis
  • Vitamin D is crucial for bone health and has been linked to COVID-19 severity, but little is known about its levels in pregnant women in Hokkaido, Japan.
  • The study measured vitamin D2 and D3 levels in 206 pregnant women and analyzed their relationship with seasonal changes and sunshine exposure.
  • Results showed that nearly all participants were vitamin D deficient, highlighting the need for interventions to improve vitamin D levels for the health of pregnant women and their babies.
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Association between physical activity patterns of working-age adults and social jetlag, depressive symptoms, and presenteeism.

J Occup Health

January 2024

Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH), 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8585, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • - This study assessed how physical activity relates to social jetlag, depression, and presenteeism among 8,247 working-age adults (ages 20-64) using various scales for measurement.
  • - Findings revealed that individuals who were not active had higher instances of social jetlag, depression, and presenteeism, while those who exercised regularly reported better outcomes.
  • - The conclusion suggests that consistent moderate to vigorous exercise could help reduce depressive symptoms, social jetlag, and ultimately, presenteeism in the workplace.
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Background: Contextual memory loss of emotional events plays a critical role in depression psychopathology. Individuals with depression, clinical or subclinical, exhibit enhanced and impaired memory for emotionally negative stimuli and context in an event, respectively. This suggests that contextual encoding may fail because of attentional interference caused by concurrent negative stimuli, possibly leading to contextual memory loss as a depression risk.

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Synthesis of environmentally friendly energetic cocrystal derived from commodity chemicals.

Chem Commun (Camb)

November 2024

Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.

Ammonium nitrate (AN) is a green oxidizer in the field of energetic materials. However, hygroscopicity and phase transitions have prevented AN from being put into practical use. To address these two drawbacks, a cocrystallization technique was applied to AN in this study.

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Determining the Exposure Routes and Risk Assessment of Isocyanates in Indoor Environments.

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

November 2024

Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.

Isocyanates are used as raw materials for polyurethane foams, paints, and building materials. The isocyanates can cause acute adverse health effects such as irritation of the respiratory tract, skin, and eyes, and induce asthma and sick house syndrome. However, investigations into the potential sources and risk assessments of indoor isocyanates are limited.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions on human activities have greatly changed lifestyles, which might have deteriorated the cardiometabolic profile.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors among Japanese workers in fiscal years (FY) 2020 and 2021 compared with the prepandemic period.

Method: This study comprised an average of 71 025 employees in Japan who underwent annual health check-ups for at least two successive years from 2015 to 2021.

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Background: Antibiotics are often overprescribed in children in general practice. We investigated whether the availability of C-reactive protein point-of-care testing (CRP POCT) in daily practice and general practitioner (GP) education reduces antibiotic prescribing for children with acute infections and whether GP education has a long-term effect on antibiotic prescribing.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled intervention study with randomization at the GP practice level.

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To examine the association between habitual intake of milk and dairy products and insomnia. Cross-sectional study by using cohort study data among 60,633 participants (22,721 men and 37,912 women) aged 20-74 years in eastern Japan. The data of milk and dairy products intake, sleep status and other lifestyle habits were collected by self-administered questionnaires.

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Aims: This study aimed to develop a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk model using data from a large occupational cohort.

Methods: A risk prediction model was developed using the routine health checkup data of 96,117 Japanese employees (84.0% men) who were 30-64 years of age and had no CVD at baseline.

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Objectives: This study aimed to prospectively investigate the association between work environment improvements and multiple mental health outcomes in a large sample of Japanese employees.

Methods: A web-based longitudinal study surveyed 20 000 Japanese employees, 7970 of whom completed a follow-up after 1 year. Various types of work environment improvements experienced by workers were assessed using a 24-item checklist.

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Loneliness and Social Isolation Factors Under the Prolonged COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: 2-Year Longitudinal Study.

JMIR Public Health Surveill

September 2024

Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.

Background: Worsening loneliness and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic have become serious public health concerns worldwide. Despite previous research reporting persistent loneliness and social isolation under repeated emergency declarations and prolonged pandemics, long-term studies are needed to identify the actual conditions of loneliness and social isolation, and the factors that explain them.

Objective: In this study, 3 web-based surveys were conducted at 1-year intervals during the 2 years after the first state of emergency to examine changes in loneliness and social isolation and the psychosocial factors associated with them in the Japanese population.

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Cortisol levels in fingernail samples are known to represent cumulative hormone levels. However, findings on the association between fingernail cortisol and perceived stress have been inconsistent. Since the effect of confounding factors cannot be excluded in cross-sectional studies, this study longitudinally examined the effects of perceived stress and negative life events on changes in fingernail cortisol levels over a period of six months.

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Automated Quality Control Solution for Radiographic Imaging of Lung Diseases.

J Clin Med

August 2024

Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1220 Vienna, Austria.

: Radiography is an essential and low-cost diagnostic method in pulmonary medicine that is used for the early detection and monitoring of lung diseases. An adequate and consistent image quality (IQ) is crucial to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective patient management. This pilot study evaluates the feasibility and effectiveness of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)'s remote and automated quality control (QC) methodology, which has been tested in multiple imaging centers.

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Objectives: Till date, only few studies have detailed the reality of overwork-related disorders among seafarers. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of overwork-related disorders among seafarers and assess factors such as patient attributes, diseases diagnosed at the time of determination, workload factors, and other aspects, thereby suggesting relevant preventative measures.

Methods: Among all the patients identified with overwork-related disorders from April 2010 to March 2017, 2,280 cases of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and 3,517 cases of mental disorders were selected.

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Background: Heated tobacco products (HTPs) have emerged as alternatives to conventional cigarettes. However, their health effects remain largely unknown. This study aimed to prospectively explore the association between the use of cigarettes and HTPs and the risk of hypertension.

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