Neonatal Brain MRI: Periventricular Germinal Matrix Mimicking Hypoxic-ischemic White Matter Injuries.

Purpose: As pregnancy progresses, the germinal matrix volume decreases. Residual periventricular germinal matrix may be mistaken for hypoxic-ischemic white matter injury. This study aims to determine the prevalence and imaging characteristics of these findings.

Magnetic resonance imaging and tractography of sensorimotor tracts in fetuses with intraventricular hemorrhage: feasibility and added prognostic value.

Objectives: To assess the feasibility, characteristics and prognostic value of prenatal visualization of the corticospinal tracts (CSTs) using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based tractography in fetuses with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH).

Methods: This was a retrospective single-center cohort study of singleton fetuses diagnosed with IVH on MRI from January 2011 to December 2018. The left and right CSTs were reconstructed according to an in-utero diffusion tensor imaging sequence using a multi-region of interest (ROI) deterministic tractography approach.

Late selective termination in dichorionic twins: comparing late second and third trimester procedures.

Research Question: Do perinatal outcomes of selective termination performed in the late second versus third trimester differ and what risk factors are associated with subsequent preterm birth?

Design: This is a retrospective cohort study of late selective terminations performed in dichorionic twins between 2009 and 2021. Perinatal outcomes were compared between two groups: group A, late second trimester (20.2 to 24.

In-utero evaluation of the fetal umbilical-portal venous system among fetuses with persistent right umbilical vein: Two-and three-dimensional ultrasonographic study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy of the portal system in fetuses with persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV).

Methods: Prospective observational study of fetuses diagnosed with PRUV. All patients underwent a comprehensive portal system anatomy scan supplemented by two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) color doppler modalities.

The Hard Palate Sweep: a multiplanar 2-dimensional sonographic method for the prenatal detection of cleft palate.

Background: Prenatal diagnosis of cleft palate is challenging. Numerous 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional methods have been proposed to assess the integrity of the fetal palate, yet detection rates remain relatively low. We propose the "Hard Palate Sweep," a novel 2-dimensional method that enables clear demonstration of the entire fetal palate throughout pregnancy, in a single sweep, avoiding acoustic shadows cast by surrounding bones.

Effect of magnet strength on fetal brain biometry - a single-center retrospective MRI-based cohort study.

Purpose: Abnormal fetal brain measurements might affect clinical management and parental counseling. The effect of between-field-strength differences was not evaluated in quantitative fetal brain imaging until now. Our study aimed to compare fetal brain biometry measurements in 3.

Accuracy of sonographic fetal weight estimation and prediction of birth-weight discordance in twin pregnancy: large single-center study.

Objectives: To determine the accuracy of sonographic fetal weight estimation in predicting birth weight (BW) and BW discordance in twin gestations, and to evaluate maternal and fetal characteristics that may affect the accuracy of this assessment.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all twins delivered at a single tertiary medical center between 2010 and 2021. Twin gestations for which sonographic estimation of fetal weight was performed within the week preceding delivery were included.

Neonatal outcomes following early fetal growth restriction: a subgroup analysis of the EVERREST study.

Objective: To quantify the risks of mortality, morbidity and postnatal characteristics associated with extreme preterm fetal growth restriction (EP-FGR).

Design: The EVERREST (Do s ascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy saf ly imp ove outcome in seve e arly-onset fetal growth re riction?) prospective multicentre study of women diagnosed with EP-FGR (singleton, estimated fetal weight (EFW) <3rd percentile, <600 g, 20-26 weeks of gestation). The UK subgroup of EP-FGR infants (<36 weeks) were sex-matched and gestation-matched to appropriate for age (AGA) infants born in University College London Hospital (1:2 design, EFW 25th-75th percentile).

Congenital hypotonia: systematic approach for prenatal detection.

Objectives: Congenital hypotonic conditions are rare and heterogeneous, and some are severely debilitating or lethal. Contrary to its prominent postnatal manifestation, the prenatal presentation of hypotonia is frequently subtle, inhibiting prenatal detection. We aimed to characterize the prenatal sonographic manifestation of congenital hypotonia throughout pregnancy, evaluate the yield of diagnostic tests and propose diagnostic models to increase its prenatal detection.

Early Fetal Corpus Callosum: Demonstrating Normal Growth and Detecting Pathologies in Early Pregnancy.

Background And Purpose: A malformed corpus callosum carries a risk for abnormal neurodevelopment. The advent of high-frequency transducers offers the opportunity to assess corpus callosum development in early pregnancy. The aim of the study was to construct a reference chart of the fetal corpus callosum length on ultrasound between 13 and 19 weeks of gestation and to prospectively examine growth patterns in pathologic cases.

The prenatal detection of distal tracheoesophageal fistulas in fetuses diagnosed with esophageal atresia.

Background: Esophageal atresia is a major anomaly of varying severity. The complexity of surgical correction depends on the presence of a distal fistula.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the feasibility and accuracy of prenatal ultrasound detection of the distal fistula in fetuses diagnosed with esophageal atresia.

Delivery Outcome of Fetuses with Congenital Heart Disease-Is It Influenced by Prenatal Diagnosis?

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the delivery outcomes of neonates with congenital heart defects (CHD), and to explore the effect of prenatal diagnosis on these outcomes. Methods: A retrospective study including singleton deliveries between 2011 and 2020. All singleton neonates delivered at >24 weeks of gestation were included in this study.

Fetal Micro and Macroglossia: Defining Normal Fetal Tongue Size.

Objectives: Abnormal fetal tongue size is a phenotypic feature of various syndromes including Beckwith-Wiedemann, Pierre-Robin, oromandibular limb hypoplasia, chromosomal aberrations, etc. Current data regarding normal fetal tongue size are limited. Hence, micro/macroglossia are subjectively determined.

Third Trimester Structural and Diffusion Brain Imaging after Single Intrauterine Fetal Death in Monochorionic Twins: MRI-Based Cohort Study.

Background And Purpose: Single intrauterine fetal death increases the risk of antenatal brain lesions in the surviving twin. We evaluated the prevalence of structural brain lesions, biometry, and diffusivity on routine third trimester MR imaging performed following single intrauterine fetal death.

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective MR imaging-based cohort study, we compared 29 monochorionic twins complicated with single intrauterine fetal death (14 following laser ablation treatment for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, 8 following selective fetal reduction, and 7 spontaneous) with 2 control cohorts (49 singleton fetuses and 28 uncomplicated twin fetuses).

Do Serial Sonographic Assessments of Fetuses with Isolated Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Help Us Predict Survival?

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the ability of serial prenatal sonographic measurements, and specifically changes in the observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio (O/E LHR) throughout gestation and to predict survival in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Methods: Retrospective study of CDH fetuses evaluated prenatally and treated postnatally in a single tertiary center, 2008-2020. Sonographic evaluations included side of herniation, liver involvement, and O/E LHR.

Dynamic esophageal patency assessment: an effective method for prenatally diagnosing esophageal atresia.

Background: Esophageal atresia is a major anomaly with a low prenatal detection rate. We propose a sonographic method termed dynamic esophageal patency assessment.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and performance of the dynamic esophageal patency assessment in a high-risk population.

Fetal esophageal imaging: Early pregnancy as a window of opportunity.

Objective: To describe the sonographic appearance of the fetal esophagus during early pregnancy and evaluate the feasibility of imaging the entire esophageal length. In addition, we present a case of disrupted esophageal continuity, subsequently diagnosed with esophageal atresia (EA).

Methods: A prospective observational study of 145 patients.

Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection Following Second and Third Trimester Maternal Infection Is Associated With Mild Childhood Adverse Outcome Not Predicted by Prenatal Imaging.

Background: While it is clear that first trimester congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can lead to serious neonatal and childhood adverse outcome, the extent of the effect of second and third trimester congenital CMV infection is still unclear. Our aim was to study the short- and long-term outcomes following second and third trimester infection and to evaluate the contribution of prenatal imaging in a prospective cohort.

Methods: We studied pregnant women with primary CMV infection in the second and third trimesters, as diagnosed by well-dated seroconversion, and proof of vertical CMV transmission.

Revisiting short- and long-term outcome after fetal first-trimester primary cytomegalovirus infection in relation to prenatal imaging findings.

Objective: To determine the short- and long-term outcome of pregnancies with proven first-trimester fetal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in a large prospective cohort.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of pregnancies with documented primary maternal CMV infection in the first trimester and evidence of fetal infection, referred for further evaluation between January 2011 and January 2018. Maternal serological diagnosis of primary CMV infection was documented by seroconversion.