Abnormal Freezing Effect on Electron Conduction of Ball-milled Lanthanum Trihydride for Superionic Conductor.

A recent finding shows that lattice deformation could transform the mixed electronic/hydride (H) conducting lanthanum trihydride (LaH) to a superionic H conductor. Such a feature would enable the development of a brand-new all-solid-state hydride ion battery. It is essential to elucidate the mechanism of such a phenomenon.

Glutarimidedioxime: A Complexing, Reductive, and Nitrosyl Reagent for Molybdenum.

Glutarimidedioxime is a cyclic amidoxime moiety formed during the synthesis of amidoxime-functionalized fibers and apparently facilitates the extraction of uranium from seawater. Herein, we comprehensively explore differences between molybdenum and vanadium coordinated by glutarimidedioxime. The high adsorption of vanadium is explained by the formation of rare nonoxido vanadium(V) complexes, where each bare V is coordinated with two tridentate glutarimidedioxime ligands.

A NiO-cubane-squarate coordination framework for molecular recognition.

Molecular recognition is a fundamental function of natural systems that ensures biological activity. This is achieved through the sieving effect, host-guest interactions, or both in biological environments. Recent advancements in multifunctional proteins reveal a new dimension of functional organization that goes beyond single-function molecular recognition, emphasizing the need for artificial multifunctional materials in industrial applications.

Conformational Selection of Polymer Chains upon π-π Interactions with Small Molecules.

Conformational selection, pivotal in biological molecular recognition, remains underexplored in synthetic polymers, especially in the bulk states of polymers. This study reveals distinct conformational selection behavior in atactic polystyrene melts interacting with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for the first time. Remarkably, despite structural similarities, anthracene and pyrene induce distinctly different conformations-trans and gauche, respectively.

Polymorphism in Type-II Dirac Semimetal WSi under Pressure: Structural, Mechanical, and Electronic Insights.

The type-II Dirac candidate semimetal WSi is a promising candidate for electronic devices, quantum computing, and topological materials research, owing its distinct electronic structure and superior mechanical properties. Here, we synthesized high-quality WSi materials and systematically investigated their compressive behavior, and structural and electronic properties under high pressure using in-situ high pressure experiments, complemented by first-principles calculations. The results confirms that WSi has the properties of a type-II Dirac semimetal.

Effect of Eu Ions Concentration in YO-Based Transparent Ceramics on the Electron Irradiation Induced Luminescence and Damage.

Eu-doped YO-based luminescent materials can be used as a scintillator for electron or high energy β-ray irradiation, which are essential for applications such as electron microscopy and nuclear batteries. Therefore, it is essential to understand their defect mechanisms and to develop materials with excellent properties. In this paper, YO-based transparent ceramics with different Eu doping concentrations were prepared by solid-state reactive vacuum sintering.

Brightening triplet excitons enable high-performance white-light emission in organic small molecules via integrating n-π*/π-π* transitions.

Luminescent materials that simultaneously embody bright singlet and triplet excitons hold great potential in optoelectronics, signage, and information encryption. However, achieving high-performance white-light emission is severely hampered by their inherent unbalanced contribution of fluorescence and phosphorescence. Herein, we address this challenge by pressure treatment engineering via the hydrogen bonding cooperativity effect to realize the mixture of n-π*/π-π* transitions, where the triplet state emission was boosted from 7% to 40% in isophthalic acid (IPA).

Plutonium in the coastal seawater around Chinese nuclear power plants: Sources, distribution, and environmental implications.

Coastal surface seawater samples within 30 km around ten Chinese nuclear power plants (NPPs) were systematically investigated. The Pu activity concentration in the samples varied from 0.226 mBq/m to 3.

Enhancing Strength and Ductility of a Ni-26.6Co-18.4Cr-4.1Mo-2.3Al-0.3Ti-5.4Nb Alloy via Nanosized Precipitations, Stacking Faults, and Nanotwins.

The addition of Co to Ni-based alloys can reduce the stacking fault energy. In this study, a novel Ni-26.6Co-18.

Preparation and Application of Nanostructured ZnO in Radiation Detection.

In order to adapt to the rapid development of high-speed imaging technology in recent years, it is very important to develop scintillators with an ultrafast time response. Because of its radiation-induced ultrafast decay time, ZnO has become an important material for radiation detection and dosimetry. According to different detection sources and application scenarios, ZnO is used in various radiation detectors in different structures, including nanoarrays and nanocomposites.

The Cytotoxic Effects of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by Uranium.

Bone is a major tissue for uranium deposition in human body. Considering mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a vital role in bone formation and injury recovery, studying the mechanism of MSCs responding to uranium poisoning can benefit the understanding of bone damage and repair after uranium exposure. Cellular structural alterations were analyzed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

An Electrolyte Engineered Homonuclear Copper Complex as Homogeneous Catalyst for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries suffer from severe polysulfide shuttle, retarded sulfur conversion kinetics and notorious lithium dendrites, which has curtailed the discharge capacity, cycling lifespan and safety. Engineered catalysts act as a feasible strategy to synchronously manipulate the evolution behaviors of sulfur and lithium species. Herein, a chlorine bridge-enabled binuclear copper complex (Cu-2-T) is in situ synthesized in electrolyte as homogeneous catalyst for rationalizing the Li-S redox reactions.

Radionuclide therapy of bevacizumab-based PNA-mediated pretargeting.

Background: The radionuclide-labeled bevacizumab (BV) is a potential therapeutic approach for vascular endothelial growth factor overexpressed tumors. Because of its large molecular weight, BV is cleared slowly in vivo , which caused damage to healthy tissues and organs. On account of this situation, using the pretargeting strategy with DNA/RNA analogs, such as peptide nucleic acid (PNA), is an effective way of treating solid tumors.

Radiation Effects of Normal B-Lymphoblastoid Cells after Exposing Them to Low-Dose-Rate Irradiation from Tritium β-rays.

The effects of tritium at low doses and low dose rates have received increasing attention due to recent developments in fusion energy and the associated risks of tritium releases into the environment. Mitochondria have been identified as a potential candidate for studying the effects of low-dose/low-dose-rate radiation, with extensive experimental results obtained using X-ray irradiation. In this study, irradiation experiments were conducted on normal B-lymphoblastoid cells using HTO at varying doses.

Large Nonhysteretic Volume Magnetostriction in a Strong and Ductile High-Entropy Alloy.

Rapid development of smart technologies poses a big challenge for magnetostrictive materials, which should not only permit isotropic and hysteresis-free actuation (i.e., nonhysteretic volume change) in magnetic fields, but also have high strength and high ductility.

Regulating interface interaction in alumina/graphene composites with nano alumina coating transition layers.

The structure and properties of graphene/alumina composites are affected by the interface interaction. To demonstrate the influence of interface interaction on the structure of composite materials, a composite without graphene/matrix alumina interface was designed and prepared. We introduced a nano transition layer into the composite by pre-fabricating nano alumina coating on the surface of graphene, thus regulating the influence of interface interaction on the structure of the composite.

In Situ Characterizations of the Dynamics of Cathode Electrolyte Interfaces at Different Current Densities.

LiNiMnCoO with high nickel content plays a critical role in enabling lithium metal batteries (LMBs) to achieve high specific energy density, making them a prominent choice for electric vehicles (EVs). However, ensuring the long-term cycling stability of the cathode electrolyte interfaces (CEIs), particularly at fast-charge conditions, remains an unsolved challenge. The decay mechanism associated with CEIs and electrolytes in LMB at high current densities is still not fully understood.

Dramatically Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Nano-TiN-Dispersed n-Type Bismuth Telluride by Multi-Effect Modulation.

Bismuth telluride (BiTe)-based alloys have been extensively employed in energy harvesting and refrigeration applications for decades. However, commercially produced BiTe-based alloys using the zone-melting (ZM) technique often encounter challenges such as insufficient mechanical properties and susceptibility to cracking, particularly in n-type BiTe-based alloys, which severely limit the application scenarios for bismuth telluride devices. In this work, we seek to enhance the mechanical properties of n-type BiTeSe alloys while preserving their thermoelectrical performance by a mixed mechanism of grain refinement and the TiN composite phase-introduced pinning effect.

Chlorine bridge bond-enabled binuclear copper complex for electrocatalyzing lithium-sulfur reactions.

Engineering atom-scale sites are crucial to the mitigation of polysulfide shuttle, promotion of sulfur redox, and regulation of lithium deposition in lithium-sulfur batteries. Herein, a homonuclear copper dual-atom catalyst with a proximal distance of 3.5 Å is developed for lithium-sulfur batteries, wherein two adjacent copper atoms are linked by a pair of symmetrical chlorine bridge bonds.

Design of a novel gamma camera with large field of view for 16N diagnosis in the primary loop of nuclear reactor.

The assessment of the concentration and distribution of l6N, derived from 16O in the cooling water exposed to neutron irradiation, is essential for ensuring radiation safety during nuclear reactor operation. The imaging method allows for the visualization of the intensity distribution of these l6N by capturing gamma-rays emitted during their decay process. However, the existing gamma camera is exclusively compatible with gamma-rays below 2 MeV.

Spin-degree manipulation for one-dimensional room-temperature ferromagnetism in a haldane system.

The intricate correlation between lattice geometry, topological behavior and charge degrees of freedom plays a key role in determining the physical and chemical properties of a quantum-magnetic system. Herein, we investigate the introduction of the unusual oxidation state as an alternative pathway to modulate the magnetic ground state in the well-known = 1 Haldane system nickelate YBaNiO (YBNO). YBNO is topologically reduced to incorporate d-Ni ( = 1/2) in the one-dimensional Haldane chain system.

A fast correction method of the scattering contributions in the area gamma dosemeter calibration field.

In the calibration procedure of area gamma dosemeters, how to accurately evaluate and correct the scattering contribution from the complex environmental factors to the point of test is the key problem to ensure the calibration accuracy. This paper proposed a fast correction method of the scattering contributions in the area gamma dosemeter calibration field. First, Monte Carlo method is employed to simulate the influence of scattering caused by different environmental factors in the calibration field, which is named as semi-panoramic reference radiation field.

Oxygen Vacancy and Bandgap Simultaneous Modulation to Achieve High Lithiophilicity and Mechanical Strength of Lithium Metal Anodes.

Metal oxides with conversion and alloying mechanisms are more competitive in suppressing lithium dendrites. However, it is difficult to simultaneously regulate the conversion and alloying reactions. Herein, conversion and alloying reactions are regulated by modulation of the zinc oxide bandgap and oxygen vacancies.

Theoretical design of a solid scintillation detector for tritium surface contamination measurement based on CaF(Eu) sheet and self-coincidence technology of MCP-PMT.

Measurement of tritium surface contamination is important for tritium related facilities, especially for fusion devices. A novel detector has been designed for tritium surface contamination measurements based on CaF(Eu) sheet and Microchannel plate photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMT). Self-coincidence technology has been introduced to obtain lower detection limit by diminishing the background noise caused by γ-rays and hot electrons.