1,047 results match your criteria: "Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences[Affiliation]"

Several approaches have been utilised to deliver therapeutic nanoparticles inside the brain but rendered by certain limitation such as active efflux, non-stability, toxicity of the nanocarrier, transport, physicochemical properties and many more. In this context use of biocompatible nano carriers is currently investigated. We herein present the hypothesis that the nucleoside-lipid based conjugates (nucleolipids) which are biocompatible in nature and have molecular recognition can be tuned for improved permeation across blood-brain barrier (BBB).

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Purpose: The present study was carried out to evaluate the radioprotective activities of N-acetyl-L-tryptophan (L-NAT) using rodent and non-human primate (NHP) models.

Materials And Methods: The antagonistic effect of L-NAT on the Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) receptor and substance P inhibition was determined using molecular docking and Elisa assays. The in radioprotective activity of L-NAT was evaluated using whole-body survival assays in mice and NHPs.

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Unlabelled: Antivirals such as nucleotide analogs (NAs) are potent inhibitors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. However, NAs fail to diminish the signaling and mitogenic activities of the transactivator HBx protein. Earlier we have shown that thiourea derivative IR-415 (DSA-00) targeted HBx to down-regulate its target viral and host genes.

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Neurometabolite and cognitive changes in hypothyroid patients in response to treatment: In-vivo H MRS study.

Neurochem Int

December 2024

NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, Delhi, India; Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition (CABHN), The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Bengaluru, India. Electronic address:

The disturbances in thyroid hormones lead to altered brain metabolism, function, and cognition. Neuroimaging studies have shown structural and functional changes in hypothyroidism. Present study investigates the neuro-metabolite changes in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and associated decline cognitive function in hypothyroid patients before and after thyroxine treatment.

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This work focuses on the development of PLGA nanoparticles and their surface modification by chitosan to enhance the mucoadhesive properties and colloidal stability for intranasal delivery. Chitosan-coated paroxetine-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PAR-CS-PLGA-NPs) were developed and characterized along with and evaluation. Particle size of 181.

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Trichostatin A mitigates acute and late effects of radiation in intestine by regulation of DNA damage repair and Wnt/TGFβ/Smad signaling.

Int J Radiat Biol

November 2024

Radiomitigation Research Department, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. S.K Mazumdar Marg, Delhi, India.

Purpose: Radiation accidents and misuse of nuclear weapons elevate the risk of development of acute life-threatening injuries as well as their late effects are noted in survivors. Currently, no countermeasure agents are available for the management of radiation-induced GI injury (RIGI) in humans. In the present study, the radiomitigative potential of Trichostatin A (TSA) was evaluated against acute and late RIGI.

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A data mining approach to identify key radioresponsive genes in mouse model of radiation-induced intestinal injury.

Biomarkers

December 2024

GI Radiobiology Research Laboratory, Radiomitigation Research Department, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. S.K Mazumdar Marg, Delhi, India.

Background: Radiation-mediated GI injury (RIGI) is observed in humans either due to accidental or intentional exposures. This can only be managed with supporting care and no approved countermeasures are available till now. Early detection and monitoring of RIGI is important for effective medical management and improve survival chances of exposed individuals.

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Unraveling the Regulatory Role of HuR/microRNA Axis in Colorectal Cancer Tumorigenesis.

Cancers (Basel)

September 2024

Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, 221 00 Malmö, Sweden.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health burden with high incidence and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-protein coding transcripts, conserved throughout evolution, with an important role in CRC tumorigenesis, and are either upregulated or downregulated in various cancers. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are known as essential regulators of miRNA activity.

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Exosomes: A new perspective for radiation combined injury as biomarker and therapeutics.

Tissue Cell

December 2024

Radiation Combined Injuries Research Department, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research Development Organization, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India. Electronic address:

Radiation Combined Injuries (RCI) pose formidable public health risks, particularly in the context of nuclear incidents, necessitating specialized treatments and development of biomarkers. RCI encompasses instances where ionizing radiation exposure coincides with burns, wounds, or trauma. However, the limited understanding of cellular responses hinders progress in developing effective therapies.

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Understanding innate and adaptive responses during radiation combined burn injuries.

Int Rev Immunol

September 2024

Radiation Combined Injuries Research Department, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research Development Organization, Timarpur, Delhi, India.

The occurrence of incidents involving radiation-combined burn injuries (RCBI) poses a significant risk to public health. Understanding the immunological and physiological responses associated with such injuries is crucial for developing care triage to counter the mortality that occurs due to the synergistic effects of radiation and burn injuries. The core focus of this narrative review lies in unraveling the immune response against RCBI.

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Traditional medicinal foods derived from natural sources have gained increasing attention in recent years due to their perceived health benefits and potential therapeutic properties and are deeply rooted in cultural practices. This review aimed at understanding their potential health benefits, emphasizes the need to identify the key bioactive substances in traditional home medicine. We have discussed the bioactive properties, molecular targets, and anti-cancer effects of various compounds such as curcumin, genistein, berberine, resveratrol, and, quercetin present in traditional medicinal foods.

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Blast-induced trauma is emerging as a serious threat due to its wide pathophysiology where not only the brain but also a spectrum of organs is being affected. In the present study, we aim to identify the plasma-based metabolic dysregulations along with the associated temporal changes at 5-6 h, day 1 and day 7 post-injury in a preclinical animal model for blast exposure, through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Using significantly advanced metabolomic and statistical bioinformatic platforms, we were able to elucidate better and unravel the complex networks of blast-induced neurotrauma (BINT) and its interlinked systemic effects.

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Background: Gastrointestinal-acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS) caused by moderate to high doses of ionizing radiation exposure contribute to early death in humans. GI injury is also a common adverse effect seen in cancer patients undergoing abdominal/pelvic radiotherapy. Currently, no countermeasure agents have been approved for medical management of GI-ARS.

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Cancer remains a major global health threat necessitating the multipronged approaches for its prevention and management. Traditional approaches in the form of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy are often encountered with poor patient outcomes evidenced by high mortality and morbidity, compelling the need for precision medicine for cancer patients to enable personalized and targeted cancer treatment. There has been an emergence of smart multimodal theranostic nanoformulation for triple combination cancer therapy in the last few years, which dramatically enhances the overall safety of the nanoformulation for in vivo and potential clinical applications with minimal toxicity.

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Aim(s): This article explores the application of mesalazine-loaded nanoparticles (MLZ-NPs) encapsulated in plant polysaccharide-based pellets (MLZ-NPs-Pellets) for ulcerative colitis.

Methods: MLZ-NPs were prepared and evaluated for diameter, PDI, and entrapment efficiency. efficacy study was conducted on Caco-2 cells.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study examines how metal implants in patients with cervix carcinoma affect treatment planning and dose delivery, by comparing two different radiotherapy plans for 11 patients with hip prostheses.
  • - Two treatment plans were designed: one with unrestricted beam entry (Plan_No_Res) and another restricted by the implant (Plan_exit_only); both plans were tested using a specialized phantom to measure dose accuracy.
  • - Results showed no significant dose differences between the two plans, although treatment time slightly increased, and measurement errors near the implant highlighted the need for improved methods to manage artifacts caused by metal in dosimetry.
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Recently, the 5-HT receptor has achieved greater attention in research fraternity due to the involvement of neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in several neurological disorders. Targeting this neuroreceptor, we have synthesized six compounds named as butyl-benzoxazolone substituted piperazinium derivatives (BBOP) derivatives, abbreviated as L1-L6. These compounds have been evaluated for their binding interaction with BSA through photophysical and in-silico approaches.

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For the first time, the c-Myc G4 structure is reported to be stabilized by binding of the peptide (derived from the 2KRR domain of the nucleolin protein called the Nu peptide) in the loop region of the G-quadruplex structure by stacking interactions. CD results showed the formation of parallel G4 structure in the presence of 100 mM Na or 100 mM K with the appearance of two isodichroic points at 229 nm, 254 nm and 252 nm in the presence of 100 mM Na or 100 mM K, respectively. In addition, in UV thermal and CD melting studies, we observed drastic changes with an increase in the hyperchromicity at a DNA : peptide ratio of 1 : 50.

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Ferrous ammonium sulfate - Benzoic acid - Xylenol orange (FBX) solution is known for its dosimetry properties in the dose range applicable in radiation oncology. Several attempts at improving its dose sensitivity have been reported in literature. The current work explores a novel method to improve the dose response of the system in the range 0-10 Gy with the original standard composition of the solution.

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Saliva: An Overlooked yet Critical Diagnostic Tool in Detection of Nipah Virus.

Indian J Public Health

April 2024

Reasearch Associate, Centre for Advanced Maxillofacial Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, New Delhi, India.

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Curcumin, a compound in turmeric, shows promise for its anti-cancer properties. In this study, we successfully synthesised curcumin-reduced and capped gold nanoparticles. Most evaluations have been limited to in-vitro studies for these nanoparticles; our study takes a step further by highlighting the in-vivo assessment of these curcumin-reduced and capped gold nanoparticles (GNPCs) using non-invasive imaging (SPECT and optical) and possible therapeutic potential.

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Context: Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a small subset of cells within breast tumors with characteristics similar to normal stem cells. Despite advancements in chemotherapy and targeted therapy for breast cancer, the prognosis for breast cancer patients has remained poor due to drug resistance, reoccurrence, and metastasis. Growing evidence suggests that deregulation of the self-renewal pathways, like the Wnt signaling pathway mediated by β-catenin, plays a crucial role in the survival of breast cancer stem cells.

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Decorporation dilemma: Interplay of prussian blue and potassium iodide in radioactive contamination.

J Environ Radioact

July 2024

Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, New Delhi, 110054, India. Electronic address:

The expansion of the nuclear industry has led to various radioactive effluents, originating from routine operations or catastrophic incidents such as those at Three Mile Island (USA), Chernobyl (Ukraine), and Fukushima (Japan). Research conducted after these events emphasizes Cesium-137 (137Cs) and iodine 131 (131I) as major contributors to harmful airborne dispersion and fallout. These isotopes infiltrate the human body via inhalation, ingestion, or wounds, posing significant health risks.

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Introduction: Occupational exposure to blast is a prevalent risk experienced by military personnel. While low-level exposure may not manifest immediate signs of illness, prolonged and repetitive exposure may result in neurophysiological dysfunction. Such repeated exposure to occupational blasts has been linked to structural and functional modifications in the brain, adversely affecting the performance of servicemen in the field.

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