The Effect of Lipopolysaccharides from on the Size, Density, and Compressibility of Phospholipid Vesicles.

The properties of the large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) from 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), modified by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from sv. Enteritidis, which mimics Gram-negative bacteria, were studied by various physical methods. LPS, in the range of 0/20/50 % / relative to the lipid, had a regulatory role in the structure of the LUVs toward the lower size, low polydispersity, and over-a-month size stability due to the lower negative zeta potential.

Calponin 3 Regulates Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation Through Actin Cytoskeleton Remodeling and YAP1-Mediated Signaling in Myoblasts.

An actin-binding protein, known as Calponin 3 (CNN3), modulates the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, a fundamental process for the maintenance of skeletal muscle homeostasis. Although the roles of CNN3 in actin remodeling have been established, its biological significance in myoblast differentiation remains largely unknown. This study investigated the functional significance of CNN3 in myogenic differentiation, along with its effects on actin remodeling and mechanosensitive signaling in C2C12 myoblasts.

Association of Structural Maintenance of Chromosome-1A Phosphorylation with Progression of Breast Cancer.

Structural maintenance of chromosome-1A (SMC1A) is overexpressed in various malignancies including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). As a core component of the cohesin complex, SMC1A was initially recognized for its involvement in chromosomal cohesion and DNA-repair pathways. However, recent studies have unveiled its pivotal role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, and chemo- and radio-resistance in cancer cells.

Emerging Strategies for Revascularization: Use of Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Artificial Nanovesicles in Critical Limb Ischemia.

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) poses a substantial and intricate challenge in vascular medicine, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic strategies to address its multifaceted pathophysiology. Conventional revascularization approaches often fail to adequately address the complexity of CLI, necessitating the identification of alternative methodologies. This review explores uncharted territory beyond traditional therapies, focusing on the potential of two distinct yet interrelated entities: cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and artificial nanovesicles.

Short-term outcomes from the 'Watch and Wait' (WoW) study: prospective cohort study.

Background: Despite absence of level 1 evidence on the long-term oncological safety of non-operative management for rectal cancer (watch and wait), increased implementation has occurred globally over the past decades. In Sweden, a pan-national prospective non-randomized study was initiated in 2017 to assess its implementation.

Method: Patients with biopsy-proven rectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy according to national guidelines in whom a clinical complete response was detected at reassessment were eligible for inclusion following informed consent.

Role of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension.

Background: Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), mainly known for its neuroprotective properties, belongs to the IL-6 (interleukin-6) cytokine family. In contrast to IL-6, the effects of CNTF on the vasculature have not been explored. Here, we examined the role of CNTF in AngII (angiotensin II)-induced hypertension.

Regulation of interferon alpha production by the MAGUK-family protein CASK under H5N1 infection.

CASK, a MAGUK family scaffold protein, regulates gene expression as a transcription co-activator in neurons. However, the mechanism of CASK nucleus translocation and the regulatory function of CASK in myeloid cells remains unclear. Here, we investigated its role in H5N1-infected macrophages.

Insular infraorbital neurovascular pedicle labial salivary gland transplantation for the treatment of severe dry eye disease: an IDEAL stage 0, 1 and 2a study.

Objectives: To address the lack of nerve and blood supply after labial salivary gland transplantation (LSGT) resulting in glandular atrophy. We designed a modified LSGT, called insular infraorbital neurovascular pedicle LSGT, and evaluated the postoperative efficacy.

Design: This is a prospective, single-centre, self-contained study.

Clinical characteristics and biomarker profile in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: the Shanghai Memory Study.

Early-onset Alzheimer's disease constitutes ∼5-10% of Alzheimer's disease. Its clinical characteristics and biomarker profiles are not well documented. To compare the characteristics covering clinical, neuropsychological and biomarker profiles between patients with early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease, we enrolled 203 patients (late-onset Alzheimer's disease = 99; early-onset Alzheimer's disease = 104) from a Chinese hospital-based cohort, the Shanghai Memory Study.

Insights into the potential quality markers of Rubus chingii Hu fruit at different growth stages.

Unlabelled: Rubus chingii Hu fruit (RHF) is a medicinal and edible resource with excellent biological activities. Currently, the existing identification markers can't meet the needs of RHF quality control. This study collected RHF from cultivation fields of three origins [Qiandaohu (QDH), Lishui (LS), and Fuyang (YF)] at green, green to yellow, yellow to orange, and mature stages (G, G to Y, Y to O, M).

TC2N maintains stem cell-like characteristics to accelerate lung carcinogenesis by blockade of dual specificity protein phosphatase 3.

Background: Tandem C2 domains, nuclear (TC2N) is a protein that has been characterized to contain C2A domain, C2B domain, and a short C-terminus with a WHXL motif. In previous studies, we have uncovered the oncogenic role and mechanisms of TC2N in lung cancer: TC2N achieves this by inhibiting the p53 signaling pathway and activating the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Beyond that, its precise function in tumorigenesis is not fully understood.

Translation of PET radiotracers for cancer imaging: recommendations from the National Cancer Imaging Translational Accelerator (NCITA) consensus meeting.

Background: The clinical translation of positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers for cancer management presents complex challenges. We have developed consensus-based recommendations for preclinical and clinical assessment of novel and established radiotracers, applied to image different cancer types, to improve the standardisation of translational methodologies and accelerate clinical implementation.

Methods: A consensus process was developed using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method (RAM) to gather insights from a multidisciplinary panel of 38 key stakeholders on the appropriateness of preclinical and clinical methodologies and stakeholder engagement for PET radiotracer translation.

O-GlcNAcylated FTO promotes m6A modification of SOX4 to enhance MDS/AML cell proliferation.

Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) was the first m6A demethylase identified, which is responsible for eliminating m6A modifications in target RNAs. While it is well-established that numerous cytosolic and nuclear proteins undergo O-GlcNAcylation, the possibility of FTO being O-GlcNAcylated and its functional implications remain unclear. This study found that a negative correlation between FTO expression and O-GlcNAcylation in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Baseline [F]FDG PET/CT radiomics for predicting interim efficacy in follicular lymphoma treated with first-line R-CHOP.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of machine learning-based PET/CT radiomics and clinical risk factors in predicting interim efficacy in patients with follicular lymphoma (FL).

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed data from 97 patients with FL diagnosed via histopathological examination between July 2012 and November 2023. Lesion segmentation was performed using LIFEx software, and radiomics features were extracted through the uAI Research Portal (uRP) platform, including first-order features, shape features, and texture features.

AdipoR1 enhances the radiation resistance via ESR1/CCNB1IP1/cyclin B1 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors, and radiotherapy plays a pivotal role in its therapeutic regimen. However, radiotherapy resistance is the main cause of therapeutic failure in patients. Our previous study revealed that Adiponectin Receptor 1 (AdipoR1) is involved in regulating radiation resistance in liver cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy.

Comparing myocardial perfusion scan findings in patients with and without Covid-19.

Background: Covid-19 is a pandemic viral disease that directly or indirectly affects multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular system. SPECT GATED MPI is a non-invasive nuclear imaging modality used to assess myocardial perfusion and function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Covid-19 pandemic on myocardial perfusion imaging in ischemic heart disease.

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks on Multiclass Classification of Three-Dimensional Brain Images for Parkinson's Disease Stage Prediction.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, is commonly diagnosed using functional medical imaging techniques such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In this study, we utilized two SPECT data sets (n = 634 and n = 202) from different hospitals to develop a model capable of accurately predicting PD stages, a multiclass classification task. We used the entire three-dimensional (3D) brain images as input and experimented with various model architectures.

Early-phase F-Flortaucipir tau-PET as a proxy of brain metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: a comparison with F-FDG-PET and early-phase amyloid-PET.

Purpose: As dual-phase amyloid-PET can evaluate amyloid (A) and neurodegeneration (N) with a single tracer injection, dual-phase tau-PET might be able to provide both tau (T) and N. Our study aims to assess the association of early-phase tau-PET scans and F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and their comparability in discriminating Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and differentiating neurodegenerative patterns.

Methods: 58 subjects evaluated at the Geneva Memory Center underwent dual-phase F-Flortaucipir-PET with early-phase acquisition (eTAU) and F-FDG-PET within 1 year.

Propagation of pathologic α-synuclein from kidney to brain may contribute to Parkinson's disease.

The pathogenesis of Lewy body diseases (LBDs), including Parkinson's disease (PD), involves α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation that originates in peripheral organs and spreads to the brain. PD incidence is increased in individuals with chronic renal failure, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here we observed α-Syn deposits in the kidneys of patients with LBDs and in the kidney and central nervous system of individuals with end-stage renal disease without documented LBDs.

A temperature-inducible protein module for control of mammalian cell fate.

Inducible protein switches are currently limited for use in tissues and organisms because common inducers cannot be controlled with precision in space and time in optically dense settings. Here, we introduce a protein that can be reversibly toggled with a small change in temperature, a stimulus that is both penetrant and dynamic. This protein, called Melt (Membrane localization using temperature) oligomerizes and translocates to the plasma membrane when temperature is lowered.

The kinetics of uracil-N-glycosylase distribution inside replication foci.

Mismatched nucleobase uracil is commonly repaired through the base excision repair initiated by DNA uracil glycosylases. The data presented in this study strongly indicate that the nuclear uracil-N-glycosylase activity and nuclear protein content in human cell lines is highest in the S phase of the cell cycle and that its distribution kinetics partially reflect the DNA replication activity in replication foci. In this respect, the data demonstrate structural changes of the replication focus related to the uracil-N-glycosylase distribution several dozens of minutes before end of its replication.

Association between symptom characteristics and disease severity in patients suspected of coronary artery disease.

Background: Discrepancies often exist between patient-reported symptoms and diagnostic test findings in patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).

Objectives: To quantify the association between patient-reported symptoms and the diagnosis of severe stenosis in patients with suspected obstructive CAD.

Methods: Two large-scale cohorts of patients with new-onset symptoms suggestive of obstructive CAD were evaluated.

Computational Nuclear Oncology Toward Precision Radiopharmaceutical Therapies: Ethical, Regulatory, and Socioeconomic Dimensions of Theranostic Digital Twins.

Computational nuclear oncology for precision radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is a new frontier for theranostic treatment personalization. A key strategy relies on the possibility to incorporate clinical, biomarker, image-based, and dosimetric information in theranostic digital twins (TDTs) of patients to move beyond a one-size-fits-all approach. The TDT framework enables treatment optimization by real-time monitoring of the real-world system, simulation of different treatment scenarios, and prediction of resulting treatment outcomes, as well as facilitating collaboration and knowledge sharing among health care professionals adopting a harmonized TDT.

Intrapatient 16α-[F]Fluoro-17β-Estradiol PET Heterogeneity as a Prognostic Factor for Endocrine Therapy Response and Survival in Patients with Estrogen Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Intrapatient heterogeneity of estrogen receptor (ER) expression on 16α-[F]fluoro-17β-estradiol ([F]FES) PET is related to outcome in patients with ER-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC), but a validated and practical method to support clinical decision-making is lacking. Therefore, the [F]FES PET heterogeneity score (i.e.