Inhibition of naproxen crystallization by polymers: The role of topology and chain length of polyvinylpyrrolidone macromolecules.

This paper presents an innovative approach that utilizes self-synthesized homopolymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with different architectures as effective matrices for inhibiting the crystallization of naproxen (NAP). We have thoroughly investigated amorphous solid dispersions containing NAP and (i) self-synthesized linear PVP, (ii) self-synthesized three-armed star-shaped PVP, and (iii) self-synthesized linear PVP with a mass (M) corresponding to the length of one arm of the star polymer, as well as (iv) commercial linear PVP K30 as a reference. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies, as well as molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to gain comprehensive insights into the thermal and structural properties, as well as intermolecular interactions in the NAP-PVP systems.

Estimation of Quality of Seam Welds in AlMgSi(Cu) Extrusion by Using an Original Device for Weldability Testing.

Extrusion welding of AlMgSi(Cu) alloys is carried out by using porthole dies, as a result of which hollow shapes are formed with longitudinal seam welds. In the case of the inappropriate selection of the chemical composition of the aluminium alloy or improper metal welding conditions, the weld may have reduced strength in relation to that of the base material, thus weakening the strength of structures based on aluminium extrudates. The prediction of metal welding conditions, depending on the chemical composition of the alloy, the temperature and the unit welding pressures, effectively supports the design of porthole dies, thus significantly reducing the number of necessary extrusion tests and die geometry corrections needed during its implementation in industrial practice, and consequently significantly reducing production costs.

Characteristics of Mg-Zn-Ca-Pr Alloy Synthesized by Mechanical Alloying.

Magnesium-based materials are an interesting solution in terms of medical applications. Alloys that are hard to obtain via standard means may be manufactured via mechanical alloying (MA), which allows the production of materials with complex a chemical composition and non-equilibrium structures. This work aimed to investigate materials obtained by the MA process for 5, 8, 13, and 20 h in terms of their phase composition and changes during heating.

The Influence of Er and Zr on the Microstructure and Durability of the Mechanical Properties of an Al-Mg Alloy Containing 7 wt.% of Mg.

Al-Mg alloys are characterized by permanent solid solution hardening and can additionally be work-hardened. The high mechanical properties of Al-Mg alloys with above-standard Mg content obtained after plastic deformation processes decrease over time. The addition of minor alloying elements like Er or Zr is an alternative method to improve the durability of mechanical properties and increase the strength of Al-Mg alloys due to densely and evenly distributed dispersoids being formed.

The Influence of Temperature in the Wire Drawing Process on the Wear of Drawing Dies.

This paper presents a wear analysis of tungsten carbide drawing dies in the process of steel wire drawing. The finite element method (FEM) analysis showed a significant correlation between drawing die geometry, single reduction size and drawing speed on the rate of drawing die wear. It has been shown that in steel wire drawing at higher drawing speeds, intense heating of the drawing die occurs due to friction at the wire/drawing die interface, leading to premature wear.

Toxicological Assessment of Biodegradable Poli-ε-Caprolactone Polymer Composite Materials Containing Hydroxyapatite, Bioglass, and Chitosan as Potential Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration Scaffolds.

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable polyester that might be used in tissue engineering to obtain scaffolds for bone reconstruction using 3D-printing technologies. New material compositions based on PCL, with improved physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility, would improve its applicability in bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to assess the potential toxic effects of PCL-based composite materials containing 5% hydroxyapatite (PCL/SHAP), 5% bioglass (PCL/BIO), or 5% chitosan (PCL/CH) on MG-63 human fibroblast-like cells in vitro.

Structure and Corrosion Behavior of Multiphase Intermetallic ZrCu-Based Alloys.

Zirconium-based alloys are highly regarded by the research community for their exceptional corrosion resistance, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. In our work, we investigated two newly developed alloys, ZrCuAlAg and ZrCuAlAg, in the form of ingots and ribbons. In the course of our investigation, we conducted a comprehensive structural and thermal analysis.

Structure and Mechanical Properties of AlMgSi(Cu) Extrudates Straightened with Dynamic Deformation.

Before artificial ageing, extruded aluminium profiles are subjected to stretching with a small cold deformation in the range of 0.5-2%. This deformation improves the geometrical stability of the extruded product and causes changes in the microstructure of the profile, which leads to the strain hardening of the material after artificial ageing.

Ti/CuO Nanothermite-Study of the Combustion Process.

A study of the combustion processes of Ti/CuO and Ti/CuO/NC nanothermites prepared via electrospraying was conducted in this work. For this purpose, the compositions were thermally conditioned at 350, 550 and 750 °C, as selected based on our initial differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetry (DSC/TG) investigations. The tested compositions were analysed for chemical composition and morphology using SEM-EDS, Raman spectroscopy and XRD measurements.

Synthesis, X-ray Crystallography, Spectroscopic Characterizations, Density Functional Theory, and Hirshfeld Surface Analyses of a Novel (Carbonato) Picket Fence Iron(III) Complex.

An Fe(III)-carbonato six-coordinate picket fence porphyrin complex with the formula [K(2,2,2-crypt)][Fe(TpivPP)(CO)]·CHCl·3HO () has been synthesized and characterized by UV-Vis and FT-IR spectra. The structure of (carbonato)(α,α,α,α-tetrakis(-pivalamidophenyl)porphinato)ferrate(III) was also established by XRD. The iron atom is hexa-coordinated by the four nitrogen atoms of the pyrrol rings and the two oxygen atoms of the CO group.

Energetic Coordination Compounds: Investigation of Aliphatic Ligands and Development of Prototype Detonators.

In this work, energetic coordination compounds (ECCs) of transition metals (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn) containing aliphatic amines as ligands were synthesized: ethylenediamine; 1,3-diaminopropane; tris(2-aminoethyl)amine; tris(3-aminopropyl)amine. The compounds were investigated in terms of ignition/explosion temperature, friction and impact sensitivity. For selected compounds, structural characterisation was presented (IR-ATR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy) and their morphology was determined (SEM, powder XRD).

Separation of Pd from Pt and Rh by solvent extraction method from waste solution.

The paper investigated the possibility of extractive separation of palladium from platinum and rhodium with ionic liquid Cyphos IL 101. A technological solution obtained by dissolving waste materials was used as the test material. Based on the experiments performed, it was found that a 10% (v/v) solution of the Cyphos IL 101 ionic liquid in toluene allows the extraction of both Pd and Pt with an efficiency of 99% from the initial solution when extraction is carried out at the pH 0.

Application of ion-exchange dynamic conditions in the recovery of precious metals from refining waste.

The objective of this study was to assess the potential for recovering precious metals from technological solutions using an ion-exchange dynamic method. Precious metals like platinum, palladium, rhodium, and gold are essential materials in various industries such as: automotive, electronics, pharmaceuticals, and jewellery. Due to their limited occurrence in primary sources, there is a growing trend in the market to extract these metals from secondary sources.

Leaching of liquation-feeding furnace dross as a first step for germanium recovery.

Objective: Germanium, an important component of electronics, is considered by many global economies as a critical raw material. Therefore, investigating its potential new sources is crucial for prospective technology development. This paper presents the investigation results on the leaching of liquation-feeding furnace dross using sulfuric and oxalic acid solutions.

Interfacial Insights into the Polarization Protocol: Toward Reducing Corrosion and Improving the Cycle Life of Electrochemical Capacitors.

The number of scientific publications on the impact of corrosion on current collectors on the working parameters of electrochemical capacitors is very limited. The aim of current research is to search for new, environmentally friendly chemical power sources and energy storage devices and to improve existing ones. Therefore, this article presents a simple and effective way to improve the life of a symmetric electrochemical capacitor by changing the direction of electrode polarization, which in turn inhibits the corrosion of the current collector.

Variation of Activation Volume as an Indicator of the Difference in Clusterization Phenomenon Induced by H-Bonding and F-Π Stacking Interactions in Enantiomers and a Racemate of Flurbiprofen.

In this paper, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), broadband dielectric (BDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy supported by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum chemical computations were applied to investigate the structural and thermal properties, molecular dynamics, and H-bonding pattern of -, -, and -flurbiprofen (FLP). Experimental data indicated various spatial molecular arrangements in crystalline forms of examined systems, which seemed to disappear in the liquid state. Surprisingly, deeper analysis of high-pressure dielectric data revealed unexpected variation in the activation volume of pure enantiomers and a racemate.

Tuning the Structure of Pd@Ni-Co Nanowires and Their Electrochemical Properties.

One-dimensional transition metal materials are promising supports for precious metals used in energy production processes. Due to their electrochemical properties, 3d-group metals (such as Ni, Co, and Fe) can actively interact with catalysts by a strong metal-support interaction. This study shows that changing the Ni:Co ratio makes it possible to modulate the structure of the catalyst supports, which, in turn, provides a tool for designing their electrical and electrochemical properties.

Novel Additives in Copper Electrorefining-Small Laboratory Scale.

This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of new organic substances, including a novel ionic liquid based on polyhexamethylenebiguanidine, polyhexamethyleneguanidine, and safranin in the copper electrorefining process. Experiments were conducted on a small laboratory scale using industrial copper anodes. Single doses of new additives did not improve process indicators (current efficiency, average cell voltage, specific energy consumption) or the quality of copper cathode deposits.

The existence of a strongly bonded layer in associating liquids within silica pores - a spectral and molecular dynamics study.

The properties of confined materials are assumed to be governed by the phenomena occurring at the interface, especially the formation of an irreversible adsorption layer (IAL), which has been widely discussed and detected in the case of thin polymer films and silica nanoparticles. In this paper, we present a novel experimental approach allowing us to reveal the formation of an IAL in two phenyl alcohols infiltrated into various mesoporous silica templates. The proposed methodology (based on evaporation) allowed us to detect the alterations in the OH and aromatic CH stretching vibration bands in infrared spectra, which were considered as evidence of the existence of IAL in constrained systems.

Microstructure, Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Copper-Nickel 90/10 Alloy Produced by CMT-WAAM Method.

In the case of copper and its alloys, Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) 3D printing technology is mainly used to produce elements for the maritime industry and research has focused on the use of Cu-Al alloys. There is little information devoted to the use of Cu-Ni alloys in this technology, which are also widely used in the maritime industry. In this work, tests were carried out on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion properties in a 1M NaCl solution of Cu-Ni 90/10 alloy 3D walls printed using the WAAM method.

Depolymerization of Pine Wood Organosolv Lignin in Ethanol Medium over NiCu/SiO and NiCuMo/SiO Catalysts: Impact of Temperature and Catalyst Composition.

The process of thermocatalytic conversion of pine ethanol lignin in supercritical ethanol was studied over NiCu/SiO and NiCuMo/SiO catalysts bearing 8.8 and 11.7 wt.

Ultrasensitive determination of selenium in food samples and its speciation in water and beverages using thiosemicarbazide-incorporated graphene and total-reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.

The paper presents a new analytical procedure for the determination and speciation of trace and ultratrace selenium in water, beverages, seafood, milk, and vegetables. The developed method is based on the dispersive micro-solid phase extraction with the use of new thiosemicarbazide-incorporated graphene as a solid sorbent, in combination of the total-reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF). As a result, we have created an auspicious analytical tool for fast and sensitive analysis of samples with a complex matrix.

Structural characterization of newly-developed AlNiFeY and AlNiFeY alloys with amorphous matrixes.

The low glass-forming ability of aluminium-based metallic glasses significantly limits their development and preparation. This paper updates the current state of knowledge by presenting the results of structural studies of two newly-developed AlNiFeY and AlNiFeY alloys with a reduced aluminium content (< 80 at.%).

Effects of Zn, Mg, and Cu Content on the Properties and Microstructure of Extrusion-Welded Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys.

The study presents the results of research on the influence of different contents of main alloying additions, such as Mg (2 ÷ 2.5 wt.%), Cu (1.

Influence of Nb and Mo Substitution on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Rapidly Quenched FeCoCuB Alloy.

The importance of amorphous and nanocrystalline Fe-based soft magnetic materials is increasing annually. Thus, characterisation of the chemical compositions, alloying additives, and crystal structures is significant for obtaining the appropriate functional properties. The purpose of this work is to present comparative studies on the influence of Nb (1, 2, 3 at.