Interface Calculation of In Situ Micro-Nano TaC/NbC Ceramic Particle Composites.

Traditional experiments are difficult to accurately and quantitatively measure the interfacial properties of composites, such as interfacial bonding strength, interfacial microelectronic structure, and other information. It is particularly necessary to carry out theoretical research for guiding the interface regulation of Fe/MCs composites. In this research, the first-principles calculation method is used to systematically study the interface bonding work; however, in order to simplify the first-principle calculation of the model, dislocation is not considered in this paper, including interface bonding characteristics and electronic properties of α-Fe- and NaCl-type transition metal carbides (Niobium Carbide (NbC) and Tantalum Carbide (TaC)).

Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Cold-Sprayed Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite Coating.

The aluminum-basalt fiber composite coating was prepared for the first time with basalt fiber as the spraying material by cold-spraying technology. Hybrid deposition behavior was studied by numerical simulation based on Fluent and ABAQUS. The microstructure of the composite coating was observed on the as-sprayed, cross-sectional, and fracture surfaces by SEM, focusing on the deposited morphology of the reinforcing phase basalt fibers in the coating, the distribution of basalt fibers, and the interaction between basalt fibers and metallic aluminum.

Bivalent Cobalt as Efficient Catalyst Intercalation Layer Improves Polysulfide Conversion in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Herein, we investigated in detail the effect of metal valences in different cobalt-based organic framework compounds on the kinetics of sulfur reaction in lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). On this basis, two organic framework compounds of zeolite-imidazole-based cobalt organic framework compound (Co-ZIF) and tetrakis(4-benzoic acid) porphyrinato-Co chloride [Co-TBP(III)] with different valences were constructed as the functional intercalation separators of LSBs, and explored the effects of different valences on improving the reaction kinetics of polysulfides and inhibiting the shuttle effect. Experiments and theoretical calculations prove that Co exhibits the best catalytic activity.

Switchable multipath cascade cyclization to synthesize bicyclic lactams and succinimides chemodivergent reaction.

Herein, a novel switchable multipath cascade cyclization chemodivergent reaction between readily available ketoamides and deconjugated butenolides was developed to efficiently synthesize γ-lactone fused γ-lactams and succinimide fused hemiketals. The Aldol/aza-Michael reaction and Aldol/imidation/hemiketalization reaction were enabled by catalytic amounts of two bases, namely tetramethyl guanidine and NaOAc. A wide range of substrate scope with diverse functional group compatibility was demonstrated to deliver the corresponding products with good yield and excellent diastereoselectivity (>60 examples).

NO Sensing Capability of Pt-Au-SnO Composite Nanoceramics at Room Temperature.

Composite ceramics of metal oxides and noble metals have received much attention for sensing reducing gases at room temperature. Presently, composite ceramics of SnO and noble metals have been prepared and investigated for sensing oxidizing NO at room temperature. While dramatic increases in resistance were observed for both 1 wt% Pt-SnO and 5 wt% Au-SnO composite nanoceramics after being exposed to NO at room temperature, the largest increase in resistance was observed for 1 wt% Pt-5 wt% -Au-SnO composite nanoceramics among the three composites.

Flexible, Permeable, and Recyclable Liquid-Metal-Based Transient Circuit Enables Contact/Noncontact Sensing for Wearable Human-Machine Interaction.

The past several years have witnessed a rapid development of intelligent wearable devices. However, despite the splendid advances, the creation of flexible human-machine interfaces that synchronously possess multiple sensing capabilities, wearability, accurate responsivity, sensitive detectivity, and fast recyclability remains a substantial challenge. Herein, a convenient yet robust strategy is reported to craft flexible transient circuits via stencil printing liquid metal conductor on the water-soluble electrospun film for human-machine interaction.

Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TC4/AZ31 Magnesium Matrix Nanocomposites.

In the field of metal matrix composites, it is a great challenge to improve the strength and elongation of magnesium matrix composites simultaneously. In this work, xTC4/AZ31 (x = 0.5, 1, 1.

Highly regioselective synthesis of lactams cascade reaction of α,β-unsaturated ketones, ketoamides, and DBU as a catalyst.

Herein, the aldol/Michael cascade reaction on the β,γ-positions of α,β-unsaturated ketones with ketoamides to construct bicyclic lactams DBU catalysis has been developed. The substrates were well-tolerated with high regio- and diastereoselectivities in moderate to good yields (32 examples). The control experiments revealed that the hydrogen of the amide was the key factor.

Stretchable PEDOT:PSS/Li-TFSI/XSB Composite Films for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with stretchability are important for developing wearable and flexible appliances. Herein, lithium bis(trifloromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (XSB) latex are used to prepare stretchable EMI shielding composite films of 0.2 mm in thickness.

Controlled Iodine Phase Transfer of Covalent Organic Framework Membranes for Instant but Sustained Disinfection.

Freestanding membranes of CuCl-implanted TpPa covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were mechanochemically produced. The resulting membrane had a high I adsorption capacity (566.78 g·mol) in cyclohexane, which corresponds to 2.

I -Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Ynamides: Chemoselective and Divergent Access to Indole Derivatives.

Herein, an I -catalyzed unprecedented cycloisomerization of ynamides is developed, furnishing various functionalized bis(indole) derivatives in generally good to excellent yields with wide substrate scope and excellent atom-economy. This protocol not only represents the first molecular-iodine-catalyzed tandem complex alkyne cycloisomerizations, but also constitutes the first chemoselective cycloisomerization of tryptamine-ynamides involving distinctively different C(sp )-C(sp ) bond cleavage and rearrangement. Moreover, chiral tetrahydropyridine frameworks containing two stereocenters are obtained with moderate to excellent diastereoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities.

Fabrication of Ultra-Fine Micro-Vias in Non-Photosensitive Polyimide for High-Density Vertical Interconnects.

With the growing demands for transferring large amounts of data between components in a package, it is required for advanced packaging technologies to form smaller vertical vias in the insulators. Plasma etching is one of the most widely used micro-vias formation processes. This paper has developed a fabrication process for 5-10 µm residue-free micro-vias with 70° tapered angle in polyimide film based on O/CHF inductively coupled plasma (ICP).

Turbulent CFD Simulation of Two Rotor-Stator Agitators for High Homogeneity and Liquid Level Stability in Stirred Tank.

Good solid-liquid mixing homogeneity and liquid level stability are necessary conditions for the preparation of high-quality composite materials. In this study, two rotor-stator agitators were utilized, including the cross-structure rotor-stator (CSRS) agitator and the half-cross structure rotor-stator (HCSRS) agitator. The performances of the two types of rotor-stator agitators and the conventional A200 (an axial-flow agitator) and Rushton (a radial-flow agitator) in the solid-liquid mixing operations were compared through CFD modeling, including the homogeneity, power consumption and liquid level stability.

Hollow Mesoporous SnO/ZnSnO Heterojunction and RGO Decoration for High-Performance Detection of Acetone.

In this article, the synthesis procedure and sensing properties toward acetone of rGO-HM-SnO/ZnSnO composites with a hollow mesoporous structure are presented comprehensively. The rGO-HM-SnO/ZnSnO heterojunction structure is prepared through a self-sacrificial template strategy with a concise acid-assisted etching method. The as-prepared hollow mesoporous architectures are investigated by SEM, TEM, and HRTEM.

Improving Mechanical, Electrical and Thermal Properties of Fluororubber by Constructing Interconnected Carbon Nanotube Networks with Chemical Bonds and F-H Polar Interactions.

To improve the properties of fluororubber (FKM), aminated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-NH) and acidified carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) were introduced to modulate the interfacial interactions in FKM composites. The effects of chemical binding and F-H polar interactions between CNTs-NH, CNTs-COOH, and FKM on the mechanical, electrical, thermal, and wear properties of the FKM composites were systematically investigated. Compared to the pristine FKM, the tensile strength, modulus at 100% strain, hardness, thermal conductivity, carbon residue rate, and electrical conductivity of CNTs-NH/CNTs-COOH/FKM were increased by 112.

High Pseudocapacitance-Driven CoC O Electrodes Exhibiting Superior Electrochemical Kinetics and Reversible Capacities for Lithium-Ion and Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

In this study, cuboid-like anhydrous CoC O particles (CoC O -HK) are synthesized through a potassium citrate-assisted hydrothermal method, which possess well-crystallized structure for fast Li transportation and efficient Li intercalation pseudocapacitive behaviors. When being used in lithium-ion batteries, the as-prepared CoC O -HK delivers a high reversible capacity (≈1360 mAh g at 0.1 A g ), good rate capability (≈650 mAh g at 5 A g ) and outstanding cycling stability (835 mAh g after 1000 cycles at 1 A g ).

A simple molecular design towards the conversion of a MCL backbone to a multifunctional emitter exhibiting polymorphism, AIE, TADF and MCL.

Compared with the large number of single-function materials such as aggregation-induced emission (AIE), mechanochromic luminescence (MCL), or thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, multifunctional emitting materials offer more opportunities in practical applications. In this report, we provide a simple molecular design strategy towards the conversion of a MCL building block to a multifunctional emitter. Through altering the substituent sites and increasing the number of electron donors and steric hindrance on a normal MCL backbone benzo[,]benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-]isoquinolin-7-one, a novel multifunctional material 10,11-bis-(4-diphenylamino-phenyl)-benzo[,]benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-]isoquinolin-7-one (10,11-2TPA-BBI) is designed and synthesized.

A novel material CsRbAgInBiCl with a special blue shift and application for white light LED devices.

Perovskite microcrystals have attracted wide attention and have been applied in extensive optical applications. The CsPbX perovskite poses a great threat to the environment due to the presence of lead (Pb), and there is an urgent need to improve the photoluminescence quantum yield. Therefore, a lead-free perovskite microcrystal material CsRbAgInBiCl with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) was synthesized by a convenient hydrothermal method, with comprehensive characterization of both the structure and optical performance at varying Rb ratios.

Effect of oxygen partial pressure on the performance of homojunction amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin-film transistors.

In this study, the homojunction thin-film transistors (TFTs) with amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) as active channel layers and source/drain electrodes were fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering. The effect of oxygen partial pressure on the phase, microstructure, optical and electrical properties of IGZO thin films was investigated. The results showed that amorphous IGZO thin films always exhibit a high transmittance above 90% and wide band gaps of around 3.

Bifunctional MOF Doped PEO Composite Electrolyte for Long-Life Cycle Solid Lithium Ion Battery.

A highly stable composite electrolyte was developed in this research to address the performance decline over time in a solid lithium ion battery (SLIB). It involved the synthesis of bifunctional MOF material (MOF-2) from two different functionalized UiO-66 materials containing carboxyl groups and amine groups, respectively, and the subsequent blending of PEO (polyethylene oxide) with the MOF-2 to form the novel composite solid electrolyte (PEO-MOF-2). The composite electrolytes showed higher ionic conductivity (5.

A nanodispersion-in-nanograins strategy for ultra-strong, ductile and stable metal nanocomposites.

Nanograined metals have the merit of high strength, but usually suffer from low work hardening capacity and poor thermal stability, causing premature failure and limiting their practical utilities. Here we report a "nanodispersion-in-nanograins" strategy to simultaneously strengthen and stabilize nanocrystalline metals such as copper and nickel. Our strategy relies on a uniform dispersion of extremely fine sized carbon nanoparticles (2.

Amorphization-Activated Copper Indium Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Stable Syngas Production from Electrochemical CO Reduction.

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO RR) refers to the conversion of carbon dioxide into compounds with added value through electrolysis. It is still a great challenge to design and manufacture efficient CO RR catalysts for desired products. Producing syngas via CO RR is an environmentally friendly way to reduce CO in the atmosphere and the dependence on fossil fuels.

Catalyst-Controlled Selectivity Switch in Three-Component Reaction: An NHC-Catalyzed Strategy for the Synthesis of δ-Lactone-Fused Spirobenzofuran-3-ones.

An efficient, three-component reaction of aldehydes and benzofuran-3-ones was developed. This process provides a new approach for the preparation of synthetically and biologically important spirobenzofuran-3-one derivatives with moderate-to-good yields under mild conditions. A switch of intramolecular to intermolecular domino Michael-aldol-lactonization leading to differential product formation was achieved by different NHCs catalysis.

Enhanced stability of nitrogen doped porous carbon fiber on cathode materials for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered to be one of the candidates for high-energy density storage systems due to their ultra-high theoretical specific capacity of 1675 mA h g. However, problems of rapid capacity decay, sharp expansion in volume of the active material, and the shuttle effect have severely restricted their subsequent development and utilization. Herein, we design a nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanofiber (NPCNF) network as a sulfur host by the template method.

Design of Co-Cu Diatomic Site Catalysts for High-efficiency Synergistic CO Electroreduction at Industrial-level Current Density.

Single atom catalysts (SACs) have been widely studied in the field of CO electroreduction, but industrial-level current density and near-unity product selectivity are still difficult to achieve. Herein, a diatomic site catalysts (DASCs) consisting of Co-Cu hetero-diatomic pairs is synthesized. The CoCu DASC exhibits excellent selectivity with the maximum CO Faradaic efficiency of 99.