Exploring mobility dysfunction in people with and without impaired cognition in Parkinson disease.

Introduction: The relationship between mobility and cognition has been studied in the aging population and associations have been also reported in people with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: To compare different aspects of gait and balance between individuals with PD who have normal cognition and those with impaired cognition, using both clinical and instrumented measures.

Methods: One-hundred forty-three participants with PD were divided into two groups: 1) normal cognition (n = 71) and 2) impaired cognition (n = 72) based on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cut-off.

What does aducanumab treatment of Alzheimer's disease mean for research on vascular cognitive disorders?

•Controversial registration of aducanumab for Alzheimer's Disease•Aducanumab is the subject of post-licensing observational studies aiming to follow the effects of the drug•Given the high prevalence of cerebrovascular pathology it is important that these studies do not ignore vascular cognitive disorders•The studies may give detailed phenotyping data that may lead to knowledge of targets for treatments of patients with vascular cognitive disorders.

Level I PD-MCI Using Global Cognitive Tests and the Risk for Parkinson's Disease Dementia.

Background: The criteria for PD-MCI allow the use of global cognitive tests. Their predictive value for conversion from PD-MCI to PDD, especially compared to comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, is unknown.

Methods: The MDS PD-MCI Study Group combined four datasets containing global cognitive tests as well as a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment to define PD-MCI (n = 467).

A Survey of People With Parkinson's and Their Carers: The Management of Pain in Parkinson's.

Background: Pain in Parkinson's is problematic but under treated in clinical practice. Healthcare professionals must understand the impact of pain in Parkinson's and patient preferences for management.

Objective: To understand the impact of pain in Parkinson's and to understand current management and preferences for pain management.

Auditory rhythmical cueing to improve gait and physical activity in community-dwelling stroke survivors (ACTIVATE): study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial.

Background: Mobility problems are present in 70-80% of stroke survivors and can result in impaired gait and reduced physical activity limiting independent living. Auditory rhythmic cueing (ARC) has been used to provide auditory feedback and shows promise in improving a variety of walking parameters following stroke. The aim of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility of conducting a multi-centre, observer blind, randomised controlled trial of auditory rhythmical cueing (ARC) intervention in home and community settings in North East England.

A feasibility, acceptability and fidelity study of a multifaceted behaviour change intervention targeting free-living physical activity and sedentary behaviour in community dwelling adult stroke survivors.

Background: Despite the benefits of physical activity for walking ability, balance, and mood, less than 30% of stroke survivors engage in recommended levels of physical activity with high levels of sedentary behaviour observed. This study aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability and fidelity of a theory- and evidence-based multifaceted behaviour change intervention targeting free-living physical activity and sedentary behaviour after stroke.

Methods: This study will be set in community stroke services in the North East of England and will assess the feasibility of a behaviour change intervention targeting free-living physical activity and sedentary behaviour of stroke survivors consultation behaviour of the healthcare professionals to support stroke survivors to make these lifestyle changes.

Exercise as a treatment for sarcopenia: an umbrella review of systematic review evidence.

Background: Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalised skeletal muscle disorder, and a powerful predictor of adverse health outcomes. Exercise is a widely recommended treatment but consensus about the best approach is lacking.

Objective: To synthesise current systematic review evidence on the effectiveness of exercise in the treatment of sarcopenia to inform clinical practice.

Interaction between motion scales: When performance in motion discrimination is worse for a compound stimulus than for its integrating components.

Motion direction discrimination becomes impaired when combinations of drifting high spatial frequency (HSF) and static low spatial frequency (LSF) patterns are merged into a compound stimulus. Such impairment has been suggested to occur due to an interaction between motion sensors tuned to coarse and fine scale spatial patterns. This interaction is modulated by different stimulus parameters like temporal frequency, size, the spectral components mixed, and their relative contrast.

Evaluating the effects of an exercise program (Staying UpRight) for older adults in long-term care on rates of falls: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Falls are two to four times more frequent amongst older adults living in long-term care (LTC) than community-dwelling older adults and have deleterious consequences. It is hypothesised that a progressive exercise program targeting balance and strength will reduce fall rates when compared to a seated exercise program and do so cost effectively.

Methods/design: This is a single blind, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial with blinded assessment of outcome and intention-to-treat analysis.

Continuous Real-World Gait Monitoring in Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Background: Patients with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) have a high risk of developing PD, and thus can be used to study prodromal biomarkers. RBD has been associated with changes in gait; quantifying these changes using wearable technology is promising; however, most data are obtained in clinical settings precluding pragmatic application.

Objective: We aimed to investigate if wearable-based, real-world gait monitoring can detect early gait changes and discriminate individuals with RBD from controls, and explore relationships between real-world gait and clinical characteristics.

Pro-Saccades Predict Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease: ICICLE-PD.

Background: Cumulative dementia incidence in Parkinson's disease (PD) is significant, with major personal and socioeconomic impacts on individuals with PD and their carers. Early identification of dementia risk is vital to ensuring optimal intervention. Saccadic deficits often distinguish neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairment, but their ability to predict cognitive decline in PD has yet to be determined.

Are Accelerometer-based Functional Outcome Assessments Feasible and Valid After Treatment for Lower Extremity Sarcomas?

Background: Aspects of physical functioning, including balance and gait, are affected after surgery for lower limb musculoskeletal tumors. These are not routinely measured but likely are related to how well patients function after resection or amputation for a bone or soft tissue sarcoma. Small, inexpensive portable accelerometers are available that might be clinically useful to assess balance and gait in these patients, but they have not been well studied.

Gait analysis with wearables predicts conversion to parkinson disease.

Objective: Quantification of gait with wearable technology is promising; recent cross-sectional studies showed that gait characteristics are potential prodromal markers for Parkinson disease (PD). The aim of this longitudinal prospective observational study was to establish gait impairments and trajectories in the prodromal phase of PD, identifying which gait characteristics are potentially early diagnostic markers of PD.

Methods: The 696 healthy controls (mean age = 63 ± 7 years) recruited in the Tubingen Evaluation of Risk Factors for Early Detection of Neurodegeneration study were included.

Cognitive deficits in adult m.3243A>G- and m.8344A>G-related mitochondrial disease: importance of correcting for baseline intellectual ability.

Objective: To determine the cognitive profile of adult patients with mitochondrial disease, and the effect of disease severity on cognition.

Methods: Using a prospective case-control design, we compared cognition of patients to normative data and to matched controls, assessed three times over 18 months. Forty-nine patients with m.

Leigh syndrome caused by mutations in is associated with a better prognosis.

Objectives: Mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (MTFMT) is required for the initiation of translation and elongation of mitochondrial protein synthesis Pathogenic variants in have been associated with Leigh syndrome (LS) and mitochondrial multiple respiratory chain deficiencies. We sought to elucidate the spectrum of clinical, neuroradiological and molecular genetic findings of patients with bi-allelic pathogenic variants in .

Methods: Retrospective cohort study combining new cases and previously published cases.

The National Institute for Health Research Hyperacute Stroke Research Centres and the ENCHANTED trial: the impact of enhanced research infrastructure on trial metrics and patient outcomes.

Background: The English National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network first established Hyperacute Stroke Research Centres (HSRCs) in 2010 to support multicentre hyperacute (< 9 h) and complex stroke research. We assessed the impact of this investment on research performance and patient outcomes in a post-hoc analysis of country-specific data from a large multicentre clinical trial.

Methods: Comparisons of baseline, outcome and trial metric data were made for participants recruited to the alteplase-dose arm of the international Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke study (ENCHANTED) at National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network HSRCs and non-HSRCs between June 2012 and October 2015.

Auditory Cueing for Gait Impairment in Persons With Parkinson Disease: A Pilot Study of Changes in Response With Disease Progression.

Background And Purpose: Gait impairments in persons with Parkinson disease (PD) are difficult to manage. Auditory cueing has been shown to be an effective therapy. However, the optimal time to introduce cues with respect to disease stage has not yet been established.

Clinical Characterization of Genetically Diagnosed Cases of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 12 from India.

Unlabelled: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/page/journal/23301619/homepage/mdc312551-sup-v001_1.

Developing a toolkit for the assessment and monitoring of musculoskeletal ageing.

The complexities and heterogeneity of the ageing process have slowed the development of consensus on appropriate biomarkers of healthy ageing. The Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA) is a collaboration between researchers and clinicians at the Universities of Liverpool, Sheffield and Newcastle. One of CIMA's objectives is to 'Identify and share optimal techniques and approaches to monitor age-related changes in all musculoskeletal tissues, and to provide an integrated assessment of musculoskeletal function'-in other words to develop a toolkit for assessing musculoskeletal ageing.

An nonsense somatic mutation in a female with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (Tree Man Syndrome).

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is an extremely rare hereditary skin disease characterized by an abnormal susceptibility to the human papilloma virus (HPV) with an increased risk of cutaneous malignancy. Here we report the first female severe EV case in Bangladesh, a 10-year-old girl with a nonsense somatic mutation impacting gene.

Upper body accelerations as a biomarker of gait impairment in the early stages of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Changes in upper body (UB) motion during gait may be a marker of incipient pathology, intervention response and disease progression in Parkinson's disease (PD), which if independent from the lower body motion, might provide an improved assessment of gait.

Research Question: This study aimed to test this hypothesis and establish whether variables calculated from accelerations measured on the UB are unique from spatiotemporal characteristics and can contribute to an improved classification of PD gait.

Methods: Data was obtained from 70 people with PD (69.

Analysis of nectar from low-volume flowers: A comparison of collection methods for free amino acids.

Floral nectar is a reward offered by flowering plants to visiting pollinators. Nectar chemistry is important for understanding plant nutrient allocation and plant-pollinator interactions. However, many plant species are difficult to sample as their flowers are small and produce low amounts of nectar.