Emerging trends and future challenges of advanced 2D nanomaterials for combating bacterial resistance.

The number of multi-drug-resistant bacteria has increased over the last few decades, which has caused a detrimental impact on public health worldwide. In resolving antibiotic resistance development among different bacterial communities, new antimicrobial agents and nanoparticle-based strategies need to be designed foreseeing the slow discovery of new functioning antibiotics. Advanced research studies have revealed the significant disinfection potential of two-dimensional nanomaterials (2D NMs) to be severed as effective antibacterial agents due to their unique physicochemical properties.

Transcription stress at telomeres leads to cytosolic DNA release and paracrine senescence.

Transcription stress has been linked to DNA damage -driven aging, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Tcea1 cells, which harbor a TFIIS defect in transcription elongation, exhibit RNAPII stalling at oxidative DNA damage sites, impaired transcription, accumulation of R-loops, telomere uncapping, chromatin bridges, and genome instability, ultimately resulting in cellular senescence. We found that R-loops at telomeres causally contribute to the release of telomeric DNA fragments in the cytoplasm of Tcea1 cells and primary cells derived from naturally aged animals triggering a viral-like immune response.

The role of reduced graphene oxide on mitigation of lead phytotoxicity in Triticum aestivum L.plants at morphological and physiological levels.

Rapid global industrialization and an increase in population have enhanced the risk of heavy metals accumulation in plant bodies to disrupt the morphological, biochemical, and physiological processes of plants. To cope with this situation, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) NPs were used first time to mitigate abiotic stresses caused in plant. In this study, rGO NPs were synthesized and reduced with Tecoma stans plant leave extract through modified Hummer's methods.

CYB561 supports the neuroendocrine phenotype in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is associated with resistance to androgen deprivation therapy, and an increase in the population of neuroendocrine (NE) differentiated cells. It is hypothesized that NE differentiated cells secrete neuropeptides that support androgen-independent tumor growth and induce aggressiveness of adjacent proliferating tumor cells through a paracrine mechanism. The cytochrome b561 (CYB561) gene, which codes for a secretory vesicle transmembrane protein, is constitutively expressed in NE cells and highly expressed in CRPC.

Halotolerant Endophytic Bacteria Regulate Growth and Field Performance of Two Durum Wheat Genotypes with Contrasting Salinity Tolerance Potential.

Soil salinity hampers durum wheat plant growth and development at various stages. The detrimental effects of salinity on plant cellular and physiological processes necessitate strategies to alleviate its negative impact and improve overall crop yield. This study investigates the efficacy of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) bacteria inoculation in mitigating salinity stress on two durum wheat genotypes with contrasting degrees of salinity tolerance (Tamaroi, salt-sensitive and Line 5004, salt-tolerant) under greenhouse and field conditions.

Coupling of phycoremediation and phytoremediation technologies to treat tannery effluents with rainwater dilutions.

From tannery effluent (TE) severely polluted with heavy metals (HMs viz., Cr, Cu, Cd, and Pb), hydrophytic phytoextraction remains a challenge as transplanted plants succumb to death on facing acclimatization shock. Current study was aimed at diluting TE with harvested rainwater (HR) for improving HM phytoextraction potential of (a hydrophyte) assisted with phycoremediation of coupled algae (viz.

Gossypium hirsutum calmodulin-like protein (CML 11) interaction with geminivirus encoded protein using bioinformatics and molecular techniques.

Plant viruses are the most abundant destructive agents that exist in every ecosystem, causing severe diseases in multiple crops worldwide. Currently, a major gap is present in computational biology determining plant viruses interaction with its host. We lay out a strategy to extract virus-host protein interactions using various protein binding and interface methods for Geminiviridae, a second largest virus family.

Designing of a multi-epitopes based vaccine against and its validation through integrated computational approaches.

is a Gram-negative opportunist pathogen within the mucus of the nose and mouth without significant symptoms and has an ability to cause various infections ranging from ear, eye, and sinus to pneumonia. A concerning development is the increasing resistance of to beta-lactam antibiotics, with the potential to cause dental infections or abscesses. The principal objective of this investigation is to utilize bioinformatics and immuno-informatic methodologies in the development of a candidate multi-epitope Vaccine.

The science behind soft skills: Do's and Don'ts for early career researchers and beyond. A review paper from the EU-CardioRNA COST Action CA17129.

Soft skills are the elementary management, personal, and interpersonal abilities that are vital for an individual to be efficient at workplace or in their personal life. Each work place requires different set of soft skills. Thus, in addition to scientific/technical skills that are easier to access within a short time frame, several key soft skills are essential for the success of a researcher in today's international work environment.

Predicting ambient PM concentrations via time series models in Anhui Province, China.

Due to rapid expansion in the global economy and industrialization, PM (particles smaller than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) pollution has become a key environmental issue. The public health and social development directly affected by high PM levels.

Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Growth and Physio-Biochemical Changes in Maize ( L.) in Saline Soil.

Research on nanoparticles (NPs) is gaining great attention in modulating abiotic stress tolerance and improving crop productivity. Therefore, this investigation was carried out to evaluate the effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) on growth and biochemical characteristics in two maize hybrids (YH-5427 and FH-1046) grown under normal conditions or subjected to saline stress. A pot-culture experiment was carried out in the Botanical Research Area of "the University of Lahore", Lahore, Pakistan, in a completely randomized design.

Virtual Hemodynamic Assessment of Coronary Lesions: The Advent of Functional Angiography and Coronary Imaging.

Unlabelled: The fractional flow reserve (FFR) is well recognized as a gold standard measure for the estimation of functional coronary stenosis. Technological progressions in image processing have empowered the reconstruction of three-dimensional models of the coronary arteries via both non-invasive and invasive imaging modalities. The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to coronary 3D anatomical models allows the virtual evaluation of the hemodynamic significance of a coronary lesion with high diagnostic accuracy.

Water will Find Its Way: Transport through Narrow Tunnels in Hydrolases.

An aqueous environment is vital for life as we know it, and water is essential for nearly all biochemical processes at the molecular level. Proteins utilize water molecules in various ways. Consequently, proteins must transport water molecules across their internal network of tunnels to reach the desired action sites, either within them or by functioning as molecular pipes to control cellular osmotic pressure.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Eggplant Fruit and Shoot Borer, Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), and Comparison with Other Pyraloid Moths.

The eggplant fruit and shoot borer (EFSB) ( Guenée) is a devastating lepidopteran pest of eggplant ( L.) in the Philippines. Management of an insect pest like the EFSB requires an understanding of its biology, evolution, and adaptations.

Exploring the Concordance Between High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections in Cervical and Oral Sites Among Females: A Cross-Sectional Study in Punjab, Pakistan.

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is widely recognized as a key contributing factor in cervical and oropharyngeal cancers. However, there has been limited research on the prevalence of concurrent HPV infections in various anatomic regions. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and specific types of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infections in the cervical and oral regions of females in Punjab, Pakistan.

Integrating genetic and immune factors to uncover pathogenetic mechanisms of viral-associated pulmonary aspergillosis.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a severe fungal infection primarily affecting immunocompromised patients. Individuals with severe viral infections have recently been identified as vulnerable to developing invasive fungal infections. Both influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) are linked to high mortality rates, emphasizing the urgent need for an improved understanding of disease pathogenesis to unveil new molecular targets with diagnostic and therapeutic potential.

Recent advances in the crosstalk between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glucocorticoids.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key neurotrophin within the brain, by selectively activating the TrkB receptor, exerts multimodal effects on neurodevelopment, synaptic plasticity, cellular integrity and neural network dynamics. In parallel, glucocorticoids (GCs), vital steroid hormones, which are secreted by adrenal glands and rapidly diffused across the mammalian body (including the brain), activate two different groups of intracellular receptors, the mineralocorticoid and the glucocorticoid receptors, modulating a wide range of genomic, epigenomic and postgenomic events, also expressed in the neural tissue and implicated in neurodevelopment, synaptic plasticity, cellular homeostasis, cognitive and emotional processing. Recent research evidences indicate that these two major regulatory systems interact at various levels: they share common intracellular downstream pathways, GCs differentially regulate BDNF expression, under certain conditions BDNF antagonises the GC-induced effects on long-term potentiation, neuritic outgrowth and cellular death, while GCs regulate the intraneuronal transportation and the lysosomal degradation of BDNF.

Optimization and Detergent Compatibility of Protease Produced from by Utilizing Agro Wastes.

The biotechnological process called solid-state fermentation (SSF) was applied for hyper production of protease by using a fungal strain called . From screening of 9 different local substrates (peanut shell, wheat bran, guava leaves, sugar cane bagasse, rice polish, wheat straw, corn straw, reed grass, and rice straw), peanut shells serve as the best substrates for protease production under optimized cultured conditions. The varying physiochemical parameters such as pH (2-9.

Cyclic peroxides and analogs: Antibacterial, antimalarial, and cytotoxic marine products from Xisha sponge Diacarnus sp.

A chemical investigation of the dichloromethane extract from the Xisha sponge Diacarnus sp. revealed seven undescribed norterpene cyclic peroxides, named diacarperoxides T-Z, and five unreported related norterpenes, named diacarnoids E-I, and eleven previously reported compounds. The structures of these isolated compounds, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, Snatzke's method, [Rh(OCOCF)]-induced ECD spectra, and modified Mosher's method.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles and Klebsiella sp. SBP-8 alleviates chromium toxicity in Brassica juncea by regulation of antioxidant capacity, osmolyte production, nutritional content and reduction in chromium adsorption.

Heavy metals are one of the most damaging environmental toxins that hamper growth of plants. These noxious chemicals include lead (Pb), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr). Chromium is one of the toxic metal which induces various oxidative processes in plants.

Experimental trials of predicted CD4 and CD8 T-cell epitopes of respiratory syncytial virus.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in young children around the world and an important cause of LRTI in the elderly. The available treatments and FDA-approved vaccines for RSV only lessen the severity of the infection and are recommended for infants and elderly people.

Methods: We focused on developing a broad-spectrum vaccine that activates the immune system to directly combat RSV.

Disentangling the riddle of systemic lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid syndrome: blood transcriptome analysis reveals a less-pronounced IFN-signature and distinct molecular profiles in venous versus arterial events.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid syndrome (SLE-APS) represents a challenging SLE endotype whose molecular basis remains unknown.

Methods: We analysed whole-blood RNA-sequencing data from 299 patients with SLE (108 SLE-antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL)-positive, including 67 SLE-APS; 191 SLE-aPL-negative) and 72 matched healthy controls (HC). Pathway enrichment analysis, unsupervised weighted gene coexpression network analysis and machine learning were applied to distinguish disease endotypes.