Foliar application of nano biochar solution elevates tomato productivity by counteracting the effect of salt stress insights into morphological physiological and biochemical indices.

Nano-biochar considers a versatile and valuable sorbent to enhance plant productivity by improving soil environment and emerged as a novel solution for environmental remediation and sustainable agriculture in modern era. In this study, roles of foliar applied nanobiochar colloidal solution (NBS) on salt stressed tomato plants were investigated. For this purpose, NBS was applied (0%, 1% 3% and 5%) on two groups of plants (control 0 mM and salt stress 60 mM).

Gelatin Nanoemulsion-Based Co-Delivery of Terbinafine and Essential Oils for Treatment of Biofilms.

Fungal infections represent a significant global health challenge. is a particularly widespread pathogen, with both molecular and biofilm-based mechanisms making it resistant to or tolerant of available antifungal drugs. This study reports a combination therapy, active against , utilizing terbinafine and essential oils incorporated into a gelatin-based nanoemulsion system (T-GNE).

Polychlorinated biphenyls induced toxicities upon cell lines and stem cells: a review.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants emitted during e-waste activities. Upon release into the environment, PCBs can pose harmful effects to the humans and environment. The present review focused on the effects of PCBs on cell proliferation, apoptosis, functional and developmental toxicity and potential possible molecular mechanisms upon cells and stem cells.

Whole-genome evaluation and prophages characterization associated with genome of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii UOL-KIMZ-24-2.

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is an emerging threat to healthcare settings in many countries, principally in South Asia. The current study was aimed to identify, evaluate whole-genome and characterize the prophages in genome of CRAB strain, recovered from patients of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. More than 200 samples were collected and identified by morphological and biochemical tests.

Dendrites endow artificial neural networks with accurate, robust and parameter-efficient learning.

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are at the core of most Deep Learning (DL) algorithms that successfully tackle complex problems like image recognition, autonomous driving, and natural language processing. However, unlike biological brains who tackle similar problems in a very efficient manner, DL algorithms require a large number of trainable parameters, making them energy-intensive and prone to overfitting. Here, we show that a new ANN architecture that incorporates the structured connectivity and restricted sampling properties of biological dendrites counteracts these limitations.

Dantrolene is an HDL-associated paraoxonase-1 activator with immunosuppressive and atheroprotective properties.

Human paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an enzyme bound to high-density lipoprotein (HDL), hydrolyzes oxidized lipids and contributes to HDL atheroprotective functions. Decreased serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities of PON1 have been reported in patients at increased atherosclerosis risk, such as rheumatoid arthritis patients, and associated with arthritis severity and cardiovascular risk. Agents that can modulate PON1 activity and HDL-mediated effects have not been discovered.

Identification of ALEKSIN as a novel multi-IRF inhibitor of IRF- and STAT-mediated transcription in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) include atherosclerosis, which is an inflammatory disease of large and medium vessels that leads to atherosclerotic plaque formation. The key factors contributing to the onset and progression of atherosclerosis include the pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)α and IFNγ and the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Together, they trigger the activation of IFN regulatory factors (IRFs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)s.

Dissemination of clinical harboring the gene in Pakistan.

Background: Colistin is an antibiotic used as a last resort to treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Plasmid-mediated mobile colistin-resistant () genes in () are disseminated globally and are considered to be a major public health threat. This study aimed to determine the molecular characteristics of colistin-resistant isolates in clinical settings in Pakistan.

Genome sequences of four Ixodes species expands understanding of tick evolution.

Background: Ticks, hematophagous Acari, pose a significant threat by transmitting various pathogens to their vertebrate hosts during feeding. Despite advances in tick genomics, high-quality genomes were lacking until recently, particularly in the genus Ixodes, which includes the main vectors of Lyme disease.

Results: Here, we present the genome sequences of four tick species, derived from a single female individual, with a particular focus on the European species Ixodes ricinus, achieving a chromosome-level assembly.

Antiangiogenic potential of extracts and molecular docking study by targeting VEGFR-2 pathway.

Background: Anti-angiogenesis or inhibition of blood vessel formation is the best way to prevent the growth and metastasis of tumors. Natural sources like plants are currently being explored for its antiangiogenic activity as they are factories of various phytochemicals. The goal of the current study is to investigate the antiangiogenic potential of () by using chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and molecular docking.

Read Length Dominates Phylogenetic Placement Accuracy of Ancient DNA Reads.

A common problem when analyzing ancient DNA (aDNA) data is to identify the species which corresponds to the recovered aDNA sequence(s). The standard approach is to deploy sequence similarity based tools, such as BLAST. However, as aDNA reads may frequently stem from unsampled taxa due to extinction, it is likely that there is no exact match in any database.

Tick salivary cystatin Iristatin limits the virus replication in skin of tick-borne encephalitis virus-infected mice.

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is flavivirus transmitted to the host via tick saliva which contains various molecules with biological impacts. One of such molecules is Iristatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor from Ixodes ricinus that has been shown to have immunomodulatory properties. To characterize Iristatin in the relation to TBEV, we investigate whether this tick inhibitor has any capacity to influence TBEV infection.

Physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of low nitrogen stress tolerance in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Nitrogen (N) is a major plant nutrient and its deficiency can arrest plant growth. However, how low-N stress impair plant growth and its related tolerance mechanisms in peanut seedlings has not yet been explored. To counteract this issue, a hydroponic study was conducted to explore low N stress (0.

Automated analysis for glaucoma screening of retinal videos acquired with smartphone-based ophthalmoscope.

Widespread screening is crucial for the early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma, the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness. The development of portable technologies, such as smartphone-based ophthalmoscopes, able to image the optical nerve head, represents a resource for large-scale glaucoma screening. Indeed, they consist of an optical device attached to a common smartphone, making the overall device cheap and easy to use.

Cellular damage triggers mechano-chemical control of cell wall dynamics and patterned cell divisions in plant healing.

Reactivation of cell division is crucial for the regeneration of damaged tissues, which is a fundamental process across all multicellular organisms. However, the mechanisms underlying the activation of cell division in plants during regeneration remain poorly understood. Here, we show that single-cell endodermal ablation generates a transient change in the local mechanical pressure on neighboring pericycle cells to activate patterned cell division that is crucial for tissue regeneration in Arabidopsis roots.

MALDI-MSI: A potential game changer in forensic sciences.

Matrix-assisted laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MALDI MSI) is an analytical technique used for the spatial mapping of drugs, explosives, and organic samples, making it a game-changer in Forensic examination. It detects a wide range of biomolecules in their native state without specific tags, antibodies, labels, and dyes. This review aims to highlight the advancement of MALDI-MSI over time and its impact on Forensic Science due to high-resolution molecular imaging.

Citronellol Induces Apoptosis via Differential Regulation of Caspase-3, NF-κB, and JAK2 Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma Cell Line.

Citronellol (CT) is a naturally occurring lipophilic monoterpenoid which has shown anticancer effects in numerous cancerous cell lines. This study was, therefore, designed to examine CT's potential as an anticancer agent against glioblastoma (GBM). Network pharmacology analysis was employed to identify potential anticancer targets of CT.

An Insight Into the Phytochemical Composition, Cardioprotective, and Antioxidant Characteristics of Small Knotweed ( R. Br.) Extract and Its Derived Fractions.

, a member of the Polygonaceae family, is commonly known as small knotweed and has been traditionally used to treat various ailments, including cough, gastrointestinal disorders, respiratory infections, liver disease, inflammation, dysentery, eczema and ringworms, and other skin conditions. Many studies have suggested that plants belonging to this genus possess strong cardio-protective potentials. Rats were pre-treated with crude methanolic extract and other fractions at a dose of 500 mg/kg followed by administration of Isoproterenol hydrochloride after 24 h for 2 days.

Analysis of the genome data of UOL-KIMZ-24, exhibiting multiple drug resistance through efflux pumps.

is a well-known opportunistic pathogen, responsible for various nosocomial infections. UOL-KIMZ-24 was previously isolated from a clinical specimen, collected from Lahore General Hospital, Lahore (LGH), Pakistan, dated 3rd March, 2022. During the initial screening for antimicrobial susceptibility, the UOL-KIMZ-24 was found a multiple drug resistant (MDR) strain.

Comparative transcriptomic and physiological analysis of extremophilic and non-extremophilic fungi in bioremediation of cadmium (Cd) and strontium (Sr).

Heavy metal and nuclide contamination pose increasing threats to the environment and public health. In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted on the bioremediation capabilities of the halophilic fungus Engyodontium album (E. album) and the non-halophilic fungus Trichoderma reesei (T.

Targeting DOT1L and EZH2 synergizes in breaking the germinal center identity of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma.

Differentiation of antigen-activated B cells into pro-proliferative germinal center (GC) B cells depends on the activity of the transcription factors MYC and BCL6, and the epigenetic writers DOT1L and EZH2. GCB-like Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphomas (GCB-DLBCLs) arise from GCB cells and closely resemble their cell of origin. Given the dependency of GCB cells on DOT1L and EZH2, we investigated the role of these epigenetic regulators in GCB-DLBCLs and observed that GCB-DLBCLs synergistically depend on the combined activity of DOT1L and EZH2.

Pancreatic organogenesis mapped through space and time.

The spatial organization of cells within a tissue is dictated throughout dynamic developmental processes. We sought to understand whether cells geometrically coordinate with one another throughout development to achieve their organization. The pancreas is a complex cellular organ with a particular spatial organization.

tRNA gene content, structure, and organization in the flowering plant lineage.

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are noncoding RNAs involved in protein biosynthesis and have noncanonical roles in cellular metabolism, such as RNA silencing and the generation of transposable elements. Extensive tRNA gene duplications, modifications to mature tRNAs, and complex secondary and tertiary structures impede tRNA sequencing. As such, a comparative genomic analysis of complete tRNA sets is an alternative to understanding the evolutionary processes that gave rise to the extant tRNA sets.

Microbial and chemically induced reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls in the environment.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants and are emitted during e-waste activities. Once they enter into the environment, PCBs could pose toxic effects to environmental compartments and public health. Reductive dechlorination offers a sustainable solution to manage the PCBs-contaminated environment.

Combination of clinical factors predicts successful glucocorticoid withdrawal in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): results from a multicentre, retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Glucocorticoid (GC) tapering and withdrawal to reduce damage represents a key aspect of the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) SLE recommendations. However, optimal strategies for relapse-free GC cessation remain ill-defined. We characterised clinical predictors and their combined effect on flares in patients with SLE who discontinued GC.