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Institute of Molecular Biology and Biot... Publications | LitMetric

309 results match your criteria: "Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB)[Affiliation]"

Aims And Objectives: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Serum-derived circular RNAs (circRNAs) play several crucial roles in HCV and HCC. They represent a promising area of research for improving the diagnosis and understanding the mechanisms of HCV-HCC.

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Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of malignant tumor and the sixth leading cause of death worldwide. It is caused by HBV, HCV infection, and alcohol consumption. MicroRNAs are typically small, non-coding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of mRNA expression.

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Breast cancer is the fifth major cause of fatalities associated with cancer worldwide and in Pakistan, 34 066 female breast cancer cases were recorded in 2018. This study was designed to understand extracts of () and to evaluate the epigenetic modulation of microRNA expression for breast cancer therapy using a selected phyto-nanohybrid treatment. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of potential phytochemicals and antioxidant scavenging activity in the extracts with a DPPH (2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydroxyl) assay giving an IC value of 20.

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Description Of Aims And Systems Used: Olive (Olea europea L.) is one of the most economically important tree crops worldwide, especially for the countries in the Mediterranean basin. Given the economic and nutritional importance of the crop for olive oil and drupe production, we generated transcriptional atlases for the Greek olive cultivars "Chondrolia Chalkidikis" and "Koroneiki" which have contrasting characteristics in terms of fruit development, oil production properties, and use.

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: An interactive approach for unraveling dendritic dynamics.

bioRxiv

September 2024

Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 70013, Greece.

Neurons rely on the interplay between dendritic morphology and ion channels to transform synaptic inputs into a sequence of somatic spikes. Detailed biophysical models with active dendrites have been instrumental in exploring this interaction. However, such models can be challenging to understand and validate due to the large number of parameters involved.

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Article Synopsis
  • - X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) is a serious genetic condition caused by duplications on chromosome X that affect the GPR101 gene, leading to excessive growth due to misexpression of this gene in the pituitary gland.
  • - The researchers used advanced genomic techniques, specifically 4C/HiC-seq, to examine the impact of GPR101 duplications on the functional structure of the genome in families with these duplications, finding that some did not create harmful changes.
  • - The study emphasizes the significance of chromatin interactions and boundaries in understanding genetic disorders and demonstrates the utility of 4C/HiC-seq in genetic counseling and clinical decision-making for suspected TADopathies.
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Hey is a basic helix-loop-helix-orange (bHLH-O) protein with an important role in the establishment of distinct identities of postmitotic cells. We have previously identified Hey as a transcriptional target and effector of Notch signalling during the asymmetric division of neuronal progenitors, generating neurons of two types, and we have shown that Notch-dependent expression of Hey also marks a subpopulation of the newborn enteroendocrine (EE) cells in the midgut primordium of the embryo. Here, we investigate the transcriptional regulation of in neuronal and intestinal tissues.

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A dendritic substrate for temporal diversity of cortical inhibition.

bioRxiv

October 2024

ICM, Paris Brain Institute, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, 75013, France.

In the mammalian neocortex, GABAergic interneurons (INs) inhibit cortical networks in profoundly different ways. The extent to which this depends on how different INs process excitatory signals along their dendrites is poorly understood. Here, we reveal that the functional specialization of two major populations of cortical INs is determined by the unique association of different dendritic integration modes with distinct synaptic organization motifs.

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Corrigendum to "Genomic investigation of bone tuberculosis highlighted the role of subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis in transmission" [Tuberculosis (2024) 102534].

Tuberculosis (Edinb)

September 2024

Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

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Cancer and related disorders are the most common cause of cancer-related mortality with the incidence of 1 in 9 among the pre-menopausal Pakistani females. among the most common ailments worldwide, indicating the importance of developing particular techniques that could help attenuate the effects of breast cancer and related outcomes. The primary aim of the current study was to review the role of inflammatory and stress markers in the development and progression of breast cancer.

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Genomic investigation of bone tuberculosis highlighted the role of subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis in transmission.

Tuberculosis (Edinb)

September 2024

Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Background: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) without symptomatic pulmonary involvement has been thought to be non-transmissible, but EPTB with asymptomatic pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) could transmit tuberculosis (TB). Genomic investigation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates from EPTB may provide insight into its epidemiological role in TB transmission.

Methods: Between January 2017 and May 2020, 107 Mtb isolates were obtained from surgical drainage of bone TB patients at the Beijing Chest Hospital, and 218 Mtb strains were isolated from PTB cases.

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Breast and ovarian cancers, despite having chemotherapy and surgical treatment, still have the lowest survival rate. Experimental stages using nanoenzymes/nanozymes for ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment are being carried out, and correspondingly the current treatment approaches to treat breast cancer have a lot of adverse side effects, which is the reason why researchers and scientists are looking for new strategies with less side effects. Nanoenzymes have intrinsic enzyme-like activities and can reduce the shortcomings of naturally occurring enzymes due to the ease of storage, high stability, less expensive, and enhanced efficiency.

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Broken strands, broken minds: Exploring the nexus of DNA damage and neurodegeneration.

DNA Repair (Amst)

August 2024

Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Crete, Heraklion, Greece. Electronic address:

Neurodegenerative disorders are primarily characterized by neuron loss progressively leading to cognitive decline and the manifestation of incurable and debilitating conditions, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Loss of genome maintenance causally contributes to age-related neurodegeneration, as exemplified by the premature appearance of neurodegenerative features in a growing family of human syndromes and mice harbouring inborn defects in DNA repair. Here, we discuss the relevance of persistent DNA damage, key DNA repair mechanisms and compromised genome integrity in age-related neurodegeneration highlighting the significance of investigating these connections to pave the way for the development of rationalized intervention strategies aimed at delaying the onset of neurodegenerative disorders and promoting healthy aging.

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Recently, there has been increasing interest in the complex relationship between transcription and genome stability, with specific attention directed toward the physiological significance of molecular structures known as R-loops. These structures arise when an RNA strand invades into the DNA duplex, and their formation is involved in a wide range of regulatory functions affecting gene expression, DNA repair processes or cell homeostasis. The persistent presence of R-loops, if not effectively removed, contributes to genome instability, underscoring the significance of the factors responsible for their resolution and modification.

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Identification of the 18 World War II executed citizens of Adele, Rethymnon, Crete using an ancient DNA approach and low coverage genomes.

Forensic Sci Int Genet

July 2024

Ancient DNA Lab, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Irakleio 70013, Greece; Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Irakleio 71409, Greece; Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Irakleio 70013, Greece.

Article Synopsis
  • The Battle of Crete during WWII saw German forces suffer substantial civilian resistance, leading to mass executions as retribution, including the execution of 18 males in the village of Adele.
  • This study is the first of its kind in Greece, identifying the victims' skulls through a request from the local community and utilizing advanced techniques like ancient DNA analysis and genome skimming.
  • The findings highlight the methodology as a promising forensic tool for identifying war victims from degraded DNA, offering potential for similar applications in Greece and other conflict zones.
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Article Synopsis
  • - The study focuses on developing herbal tablets from Saussurea heteromalla, examining their potential as anti-cancer treatments, particularly against cervical cancer.
  • - Arctigenin was identified as a key anti-cancer compound, with in vitro tests showing effectiveness on HeLa cells, supporting the traditional use of S. heteromalla in Chinese medicine.
  • - The herbal tablets demonstrated good stability and drug release characteristics, with over 87% of the active ingredient being released in one hour, indicating their potential for future anti-cervical cancer therapies pending further testing.
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Transcription stress has been linked to DNA damage -driven aging, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Tcea1 cells, which harbor a TFIIS defect in transcription elongation, exhibit RNAPII stalling at oxidative DNA damage sites, impaired transcription, accumulation of R-loops, telomere uncapping, chromatin bridges, and genome instability, ultimately resulting in cellular senescence. We found that R-loops at telomeres causally contribute to the release of telomeric DNA fragments in the cytoplasm of Tcea1 cells and primary cells derived from naturally aged animals triggering a viral-like immune response.

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The biotechnological process called solid-state fermentation (SSF) was applied for hyper production of protease by using a fungal strain called . From screening of 9 different local substrates (peanut shell, wheat bran, guava leaves, sugar cane bagasse, rice polish, wheat straw, corn straw, reed grass, and rice straw), peanut shells serve as the best substrates for protease production under optimized cultured conditions. The varying physiochemical parameters such as pH (2-9.

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Recent studies have demonstrated the crucial role of Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) in the production of secondary metabolites, phytohormones and antioxidants in plants. However, their functional characterization specifically under alkaline stress remains elusive. CYP82C4 was the key gene screened from a family of wild soybean CYPs in our previous studies.

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Leveraging dendritic properties to advance machine learning and neuro-inspired computing.

Curr Opin Neurobiol

April 2024

Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 70013, Greece. Electronic address:

The brain is a remarkably capable and efficient system. It can process and store huge amounts of noisy and unstructured information, using minimal energy. In contrast, current artificial intelligence (AI) systems require vast resources for training while still struggling to compete in tasks that are trivial for biological agents.

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Peptide-Drug Conjugates: Design, Chemistry, and Drug Delivery System as a Novel Cancer Theranostic.

ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci

February 2024

Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu P.R. China.

The emergence of peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) that utilize target-oriented peptide moieties as carriers of cytotoxic payloads, interconnected with various cleavable/noncleavable linkers, resulted in the key-foundation of the new era of targeted therapeutics. They are capable of retaining the integrity of conjugates in the blood circulatory system as well as releasing the drugs at the tumor microenvironment. Other valuable advantages are specificity and selectivity toward targeted-receptors, higher penetration ability, and drug-loading capacity, making them a suitable candidate to play their vital role as promising carrier agents.

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Adjuvant Temozolomide is considered the front-line Glioblastoma chemotherapeutic treatment; yet not all patients respond. Latest trends in clinical trials usually refer to Doxorubicin; yet it can lead to severe side-effects if administered in high doses. While Glioblastoma prognosis remains poor, little is known about the combination of the two chemotherapeutics.

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Relevance of Carcinogen-Induced Preclinical Cancer Models.

J Xenobiot

January 2024

Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), N. Plastira 100, Vasilika Vouton, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece.

Chemical agents can cause cancer in animals by damaging their DNA, mutating their genes, and modifying their epigenetic signatures. Carcinogen-induced preclinical cancer models are useful for understanding carcinogen-induced human cancers, as they can reproduce the diversity and complexity of tumor types, as well as the interactions with the host environment. However, these models also have some drawbacks that limit their applicability and validity.

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Heavy metal pollution is a global issue. Current study provides evidence on Pb toxicity ameliorative potential and safe nature of Levilactobacillus brevis MZ384011 (S1) and Levilactobacillus brevis MW362779 (S2), isolated from carnivore gut and human milk, respectively. In a 60-days experiment, the rats were distributed into six groups.

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