Effect of α7 nAChR-autophagy axis of deciduous tooth pulp stem cells in regulating IL-1β in the process of physiological root resorption of deciduous teeth.

Physiological root resorption of deciduous teeth is a normal phenomenon occurring during the developmental stages of children. Previous research has indicated the pivotal role of the inflammatory microenvironment in this process, although the specific mechanisms remain unclear. This study is aimed at elucidating the involvement of the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChR)-autophagy axis in the regulation of the inflammatory microenvironment during physiological root resorption in deciduous teeth.

Dissolving microneedles loaded with nimodipine for prevention of sleep disorders at a high altitude.

Sleep disorders are one of the most common acute reactions on the plateau, which can cause serious complications. However, there is no effective and safe treatment currently available. Nimodipine (NMD) is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with neuroprotective and vasodilating activity, mainly used for the treatment of ischemic brain injury.

Enhancing Vasculogenesis in Dental Pulp Development: DPSCs-ECs Communication via FN1-ITGA5 Signaling.

Background: Dental pulp regeneration therapy is a challenge to achieve early vascularization during treatment. Studying the regulatory mechanisms of vascular formation during human dental pulp development may provide insights for related therapies. In this study, we utilized single-cell sequencing analysis to compare the gene expression of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and vascular endothelial cells (ECs) from developing and mature dental pulps.

Circadian clock genes REV-ERBα regulates the secretion of IL-1β in deciduous tooth pulp stem cells by regulating autophagy in the process of physiological root resorption of deciduous teeth.

Physiological root resorption is a common occurrence during the development of deciduous teeth in children. Previous research has shown that the regulation of the inflammatory microenvironment through autophagy in DDPSCs is a significant factor in this process. However, it remains unclear why there are variations in the autophagic status of DDPSCs at different stages of physiological root resorption.

[Characterization and identification of primarily cultured astrocytes and microglia].

The aim of this study was to investigate the growth characteristics of primarily cultured astrocytes and microglia of different generations and then optimize the method for obtaining primary astrocytes and microglia effectively. Primarily cultured microglia were isolated and purified from the cortices of neonatal mice. The proliferation curve of mixed glia cells was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, the proportion of astrocytes and microglia was detected by flow cytometry, and the polarization of the two types of glia cells was identified by immunofluorescence staining.

Autoreactive T cells of ankylosing spondylitis elicited by COVID-19 infection: A snapshot of immunological host defense and autoimmune imprinting.

The evolutionary emergence of adaptive immunity has significantly extended the lifespan of humans and other species. The adaptive immune system is essential for host survival and adaptation to the rapidly changing environment of potential pathogens; however, it also leads to self-antigen recognition that creates the risk of autoimmune disease. Although this mechanism is generally acknowledged, it is difficult to trace back to the initial causative event of pathogen infection that occurs long before the clinical onset of autoimmune disease.

[Hypoxia promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced CXCL10 expression in microglia].

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of hypoxia on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced CXC-chemokine ligand-10 (CXCL10) expression and the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control, hypoxia, LPS, and hypoxia combined with LPS groups. The LPS group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.

[Establishment and behavioral evaluation of a mouse model of long-term free-choice alcohol drinking].

Objective: To establish a model of long-term free drinking mouse by feeding mice with alcohol to simulate the state of human voluntary long-term drinking, and on this basis, to further discuss the evaluation criteria of long-term free drinking mice model in sports, anxiety and cognitive behavior.

Methods: Forty six-week-old SPF C57BL/6 male mouse were randomly divided into two groups: Long-term free drinking group (=20) and normal control group (=20). The two groups were given solid feed normally.

Systemic inflammation shapes clinical outcomes in response to immune checkpoint blockade treatment: moving toward optimizing antitumor immunity.

Background: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment may induce durable disease remission, but only in a minority of patients with cancer. One important question is how to identify patients who may benefit from ICB treatment. ICB treatment relies on unleashing patients' pre-existing immune responses.

Recovery of neurosurgical high-frequency electroporation injury in the canine brain can be accelerated by 7,8-dihydroxyflavone.

Background: Although traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs in a very short time, the biological consequence of a TBI, such as Alzheimer's disease, may last a lifetime. To date, effective interventions are not available to improve recovery from a TBI. Herein we aimed to ascertain whether recovery of neurosurgical high-frequency irreversible electroporation (HFIRE) injury in brain tissues can be accelerated by 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF).

Serum albumin: a pharmacokinetic marker for optimizing treatment outcome of immune checkpoint blockade.

As we look forward to the bright future of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, there is still lacking a pharmacokinetic marker to understand the inter-individual differences in ICB response. ICB therapy is based on IgG antibodies that share the same homeostatic pathway with serum albumin. Therefore, serum albumin level could reflect IgG catabolic rate that directly impacts the clearance of therapeutic IgG antibodies.

[Changes in the urine proteome in an acute hypoxic rat model].

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of acute hypoxia on urine proteome in rats. In this study, rats were placed in a hypoxic chamber simulating a plateau environment at an altitude of 5 000 m for 24 hours. Urine samples were collected at 0, 12, and 24 h after hypoxia.

deletion attenuates acute lung injuries induced by intratracheal inoculation of aerosolized ricin in mice.

Specific therapeutics are not available for acute lung injury (ALI) induced by ricin toxin (RT). Inhibiting the host immune response in the course of pulmonary ricinosis is hypothesized to be of benefit and can be achieved by impairing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) signaling, thereby reducing the pro-inflammatory response to exogenous foreign body invasion. However, it is unknown whether mice with impaired GM-CSF signaling can survive after RT inhalation.

Scale-out production of extracellular vesicles derived from natural killer cells via mechanical stimulation in a seesaw-motion bioreactor for cancer therapy.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from immune cells have shown great anti-cancer therapeutic potential. However, inefficiency in EV generation has considerably impeded the development of EV-based basic research and clinical translation. Here, we developed a seesaw-motion bioreactor (SMB) system by leveraging mechanical stimuli such as shear stress and turbulence for generating EVs with high quality and quantity from natural killer (NK) cells.

Detection of Schizophrenia Cases From Healthy Controls With Combination of Neurocognitive and Electrophysiological Features.

Background: The search for a method that utilizes biomarkers to identify patients with schizophrenia from healthy individuals has occupied researchers for decades. However, no single indicator can be employed to achieve the good in clinical practice. We aim to develop a comprehensive machine learning pipeline based on neurocognitive and electrophysiological combined features for distinguishing schizophrenia patients from healthy people.

Aberrant temporal-spatial complexity of intrinsic fluctuations in major depression.

Accumulating evidence suggests that the brain is highly dynamic; thus, investigation of brain dynamics especially in brain connectivity would provide crucial information that stationary functional connectivity could miss. This study investigated temporal expressions of spatial modes within the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and cognitive control network (CCN) using a reliable data-driven co-activation pattern (CAP) analysis in two independent data sets. We found enhanced CAP-to-CAP transitions of the SN in patients with MDD.

Composite Sophora Colon-Soluble Capsule Ameliorates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice via Gut Microbiota-Derived Butyric Acid and NCR ILC3.

Objective: To investigate the effects of composite Sophora colon-soluble Capsule (CSCC) on gut microbiota-mediated short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and downstream group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mice model.

Methods: The main components of CSCC were analyzed by hybrid ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography ion mobility spectromety quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-IM-QTOF/MS). Twenty-four male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6) by using a computer algorithm-generated random digital, including control, DSS model, mesalazine, and CSCC groups.

Astaxanthin, a carotenoid antioxidant, pretreatment alleviates cognitive deficits in aircraft noised mice by attenuating inflammatory and oxidative damage to the gut, heart and hippocampus.

Background: We first explore whether aircraft noise (AN) induces cognitive deficit via inducing oxidative damage in multiple vital organs including intestines, hearts and hippocampus tissues. Second, we explore whether the AN-induced cognitive deficits and inflammatory and oxidative damage to multiple organs can be alleviated by Astaxanthin (AX) pretreatment.

Methods: Cognitive deficits were induced by subjecting the mice to AN 2 h daily for 7 consecutive days.

Norepinephrine promotes glioma cell migration through up-regulating the expression of Twist1.

Background: Glioma cells are characterized by high migration ability, resulting in aggressive growth of the tumors and poor prognosis of patients. It has been reported that the stress-induced hormone norepinephrine (NE) contributes to tumor progression through mediating a number of important biological processes in various cancers. However, the role of NE in the regulation of glioma migration is still unclear.